OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of low concentration dithiothreitol (DTT) in removing the interference of monoclonal anti-CD38 on transfusion compatibility testing, and develop a reasonable clinical transfusion strategy. METHODS: The blood type, direct antiglobulin testing (DAT) and antibody screening were tested according to standard methods. Antibody screening cells and donor's red blood cells were treated by DTT 0.2, 0.1, 0.05, 0.02, 0.01 and 0.005 mol/L, and antibody screening and cross-matching of serums after monoclonal anti-CD38 treatment were performed by anti-human globulin card. RESULTS: The 0.01 mol/L DTT at 37℃ for 30 minutes could remove the effect of monoclonal anti-CD38 on antibody screening and cross-matching, meanwhile retain their effectiveness in detecting anti-K, anti-LW, anti-JMH, anti-Lu^b, anti-e, anti-Di^a and anti-Jk^a alloantibodies. All the 10 patients had no acute or delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions and their routine blood tests showed that the red blood cells transfusion was effective. CONCLUSION The 0.01 mol/L DTT is a safe and effective method for removing the interference of monoclonal anti-CD38 with transfusion compatibility testing, while retaining the ability to detect most alloantibodies.
Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology* ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Blood Transfusion ; Dithiothreitol/pharmacology* ; Erythrocytes ; Humans ; Isoantibodies/pharmacology*

The objective of this study was to investigate the serologic characters of enzyme-only red cell antibody and its clinical significance, and to provide basis for the safety of blood transfusion. The patient serum containing enzyme-only antibody was used to react with the red cells of donors, panel cells and auto-cells in various medium. Absorption and elution test were also per formed. The results showed that this blood sample was found to contain an antibody that reacted with donor red cells and panel cells only in papain medium, but was not demonstrable by indirect antiglobulin test and other method s. Decline of antibody titers was observed after absorption test, but antibody activity was not detected in the elute. The patient underwent transfusion with 600 ml of Rh type identical RBCs, without any hemolytic transfusion reaction. In conclusion, enzyme-only antibody usually doe s not lead to hemolytic transfusion reaction.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Erythrocytes ; immunology ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; immunology ; Male ; Papain ; pharmacology ; Transfusion Reaction

The objective of study was to investigate the Rh antigen stability of mPEG-modified RBC. RBC membrane protein SDS-PAGE technology was used to analyze the combination of the mPEG modified RBC membrane protein with mPEG molecules; the RBC ghost coagulation test and 4 degrees C CPD-preserved modified RBC mixed with matched blood were used to observe the stability of RBC Rh antigen camouflaged by mPEG. The results showed that the blood groups of stored mPEG-modified RBC were kept consistency before or after simulating transfusion, i.e. mixture of modified RBC with matched bloods, while the plasma hemoglobin after simulating transfusion was not only within the normal range during the storage, but also less than that before simulating transfusion even after incubation at 37 degrees C. The electrophoresis pattern stained with iodine and Coomassie blue displayed the bands of mPEG combined with RBC membrane protein and the slow mobility of membrane protein. The hemagglutination of PEGylation RBC ghosts did not take place and mPEG still covered the antigen. In conclusion, mPEG-SPA can bind the erythrocyte with its extracted membrane protein in both ghosts and living erythrocytes.
Erythrocyte Membrane ; immunology ; Erythrocytes ; immunology ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; blood ; Polyethylene Glycols ; pharmacology ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; immunology ; Transfusion Reaction

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether FTY720 inhibits rat mesangial proliferation and extracellular matrix expansion through suppression of transforming growth factor β1-connective tissue growth factor (TGFβ1-CTGF) pathway, and to explore experimental evidence for its effect on mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.

METHODSA rat model of anti-Thy-1 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis was established and FTY720 intervention was performed. Periphery blood lymphocyte count, urine protein excretion, glomerular mesangial proliferation, protein and gene expression of TGFβ1 and CTGF and extracellular matrix protein including fibronectin, laminin and collagen IV in isolated glomeruli were documented at 1, 3 and 7 days after injection of anti-Thy-1 antibody.

RESULTSThe model group developed proteinuria at 1, 3 and 7 days after injection of anti-Thy-1 antibody, which were significantly higher [(27.9 ± 7.3), (63.5 ± 18.8) and (52.4 ± 15.4)mg/d, respectively] than those in the control group [(8.4 ± 2.4), (8.4 ± 2.1) and (10.4 ± 3.2) mg/d; respectively, P < 0.01]. FTY720 intervention group showed significantly decreased proteinuria at 3 and 7 days after injection [(31.4 ± 7.0), (25.5 ± 7.7) mg/d, respectively] than model group (P < 0.01), although higher than the control group (P < 0.01). After intervention for 3 and 7 days, FTY720 significantly down-regulated both TGFβ1 and CTGF gene and protein expression in cultured glomeruli, and suppressed the production of glomerular extracellular matrix protein secretion, leading to attenuated mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix expansion in rat anti-Thy-1 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.

CONCLUSIONFTY720 significantly attenuates mesangial proliferation and extracellular matrix expansion through inhibition of TGFβ1-CTGF pathway in rat, and thus ameliorates the development of anti-Thy-1 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; metabolism ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride ; Gene Expression ; Glomerular Mesangium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Isoantibodies ; immunology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Propylene Glycols ; pharmacology ; Proteinuria ; urine ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Sphingosine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Thy-1 Antigens ; immunology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics ; metabolism

This study is to investigate the effects of paeoniflorin (Pae) on the levels of related serum antibodies and cAMP of splenocytes in rats with adjuvant arthritis. Complete Freund's adjuvant was used to induce AA in rats. The level of circulating immune complexes in serum was determined by PEG6000 assay, and the levels of anti-C II antibody and anti-TB antibody in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the level of cAMP in splenocytes was measured by radioimmunoassay, separately. Pae (25, 50, and 100 mg x kg(-1)) and GTW (40 mg x kg(-1)) were given by intragastric administration for 7 days from the 17th day after immunization. Pae (50 and 100 mg x kg(-1)) reduced the levels of circulating immune complexes, anti-C II antibody and anti-TB antibody in serum in rats with adjuvant arthritis. The inhibition ratios of Pae groups to AA model group were dosage-dependent; Pae (12.5, 62.5, and 312.5 mg x L(-1)) decreased the elevated levels of cAMP in splenocytes in vitro. Pae (ig) decreased the levels of related serum antibodies and elevated the level of cAMP in rats with adjuvant arthritis.
Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; blood ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; blood ; Arthritis, Experimental ; chemically induced ; immunology ; Benzoates ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Freund's Adjuvant ; Glucosides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Isoantibodies ; blood ; Monoterpenes ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; immunology ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spleen ; cytology ; metabolism