Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery has increased the survival rate for individuals suffering from myocardial infarction or coronary ischemia. The present study aimed to examine the perception of quality of life amongst post CABG patients at the National Heart Institute Malaysia. A total of 69 post CABG patients, were studied using the Medical Outcomes Short Form 36 (SF-36). The findings showed that post CABG respondents possessed good level of quality of life (SF-36) physically and mentally. There were significant differences between the role physical in the physical functioning domains of quality of life with gender (t=0.286, p<0.05). Duration of physical exercises of more than 20 minutes have positive effects on both physical (t=2.738, p<0.05) and mental components (t=7.326, p<0.05). The level of income influenced both the physical component (F=3.100, p<0.05), and mental component (F=4.272, p<0.05). Post CABG patients were found to have high quality of life post operatively. They were able to make comprehensive lifestyle changes through frequent physical exercises to accommodate their needs.

The horrific nature of murder using different types of weapons has been an important focal point ofmany criminological studies. Weapons that are used in murders seem to play dominant roles in murderinvestigations as they may provide information leading to arrest. The established factors for weaponusage include environmental context, demography and availability of weapons. However, there isinsufficient research attention on the psychological functioning of murderers for particular weaponusage. In light of this, the current study seeks to narrow this gap of information by identifying theinfluences of psychological traits on weapon usage among a sample of male murderers. The presentcross-sectional study was conducted among 71 male murderers incarcerated in 11 prisons withinPeninsular Malaysia. The selection of the sample was based on predetermined selection criteriausing a purposive sampling method. A guided self-administered questionnaire comprising sociodemographyvariables and four Malay validated psychometric instruments: Zuckerman-KuhlmanPersonality Questionnaire-40-Cross-Culture, Self-control Scale, “How I Think” Questionnaire andAggression Questionnaire; was used. Independent sample t-test was performed to establish themean score differences of psychological traits between the murderers who used single and multipleweapons while Kruskal-Wallis tests were carried out to ascertain the differences between the specifictypes of weapons used among the murderers. Following this, one-way ANOVA was carried out toascertain the psychological trait differences among the murderers according to the different sourcesof weapon. Results indicated specific psychological traits influenced the number(s), source(s) andtype(s) of weapon used in committing murder. The findings have implications for the psychologicalprofiling of unknown murderers within the Malaysian context.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a known sequela after acute pulmonary embolism (PE). It is a debilitating disease, and potentially fatal if left untreated. This review provides a clinically relevant overview of the disease and discusses the usefulness and limitations of the various investigational and treatment options. METHODS: A PubMed search on articles relevant to PE, pulmonary hypertension, CTEPH, pulmonary endarterectomy, and balloon pulmonary angioplasty were performed. A total of 68 articles were found to be relevant and were reviewed. RESULTS: CTEPH occurs as a result of non-resolution of thrombotic material, with subsequent fibrosis and scarring of the pulmonary arteries. Risk factors have been identified, but the underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. The cardinal symptom of CTEPH is dyspnoea on exertion, but the diagnosis is often challenging due to lack of awareness. The ventilation/perfusion scan is recommended for screening for CTEPH, with other modalities (eg. dual energy computed tomography pulmonary angiography) also being utilised in expert centres. Conventional pulmonary angiography with right heart catheterisation is important in the final diagnosis of CTEPH. CONCLUSION Operability assessment by a multidisciplinary team is crucial for the management of CTEPH, as pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) remains the guideline recommended treatment and has the best chance of cure. For inoperable patients or those with residual disease post-PEA, medical therapy or balloon pulmonary angioplasty are potential treatment options.