Purpose: Since the treatment strategy for benign and malignant pancreatic lesions differ, we aimed to evaluate the clinical value of PET/CT in the diagnosis and management of pancreatic lesions. Methods: Ninety patients who had a histologically confirmed pancreatic lesion were studied. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to investigate the ability of PET/CT to differentiate malignant lesions from benign tumors. Results: The malignant and benign groups comprised 64 and 26 patients, respectively. Despite the similarity in the size of primary tumors (P = 0.588), the mean maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) obtained from PET/CT imaging were significantly higher in malignant lesions (9.36 ± 5.9) than those of benign tumors (1.04 ± 2.6, P < 0.001). ROC analysis showed that the optimal SUVmax cutoff value for differentiating malignant lesions (to an accuracy of 91%; 95% confidence interval, 83%–98%) from benign tumors was 3.9 (sensitivity, 92.2%; specificity, 84.6%). Conclusion PET/CT evaluation of pancreatic lesions confers advantages including fine assessment of malignant potential with high sensitivity and accuracy using a threshold SUVmax value of 3.9.