OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Gentiana veitchiorum.

METHODThe chemical constituents were isolated by chromatography and identified by spectral data.

RESULTFive glycosides, loganic acid (1), gentiopicroside (2), isoorientin 3'-methyl ether (3), isovitexin (4), isoorientin (5) were isolated and identified.

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-5 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Apigenin ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Gentiana ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; Iridoid Glucosides ; Iridoids ; chemistry

At present, 141 compounds have been isolated from Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora and P. kurroa of the Scrophulariaceae plants, including 46 iridoid glycosides, 29 tetracyclic triterpenoids, 25 phenylpropanoids, and 11 phenylethanoid glycosides. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated that they have liver-, heart-, brain-, kidney-, and nerve cells-protecting effects as well as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-asthma, anti-diabetic, immunomodulatory, and blood lipid-lowering activities. This article reviews the chemical components and pharmacological activities of P. scrophulariiflora and P. kurroa, aiming to provide a basis for the in-depth research, development, and utilization of the two plants.
Iridoid Glycosides ; Picrorhiza ; Triterpenes/pharmacology*

OBJECTIVETo develop an HPLC method for the simultaneous quantitation of five constituents in Scrophularia ningpoensis.

METHODSamples were analyzed on an Agilent SB-C18 column(4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) eluted with acetonitrile and water containing 0.03% phosphate acid as mobile phases in a linear gradient mode. The flow rate was kept at 1.0 mL x min(-1), and the column temperature was set to 30 degrees C. The DAD detector wavelengths were 210, 280, 330 nm.

RESULTThe linear ranges were 50-400 mg x L(-1) for harpagide, 1-40 mg x L(-1) for harpagoside, 1-20 mg x L(-1) for cinnamic acid, 0.5-4.5 mg x L(-1) for acteoside,1-60 mg x L(-1) for angoroside C, respectively. The average recoveries of the five constituents were 100.8% (RSD 0.62%), 101.7% (RSD 0.32%), 98.8% (RSD 0.48%), 99.9% (RSD 1.4%), 99.2% (RSD 1.1%), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThrough the validation, the method was proved to be sensitive, accurate, repeatable, and can be used for quality control of the roots of S. ningpoensis.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Cinnamates ; analysis ; Coumaric Acids ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Glycosides ; analysis ; Iridoid Glycosides ; Phenols ; analysis ; Pyrans ; analysis ; Scrophularia ; chemistry ; Trisaccharides ; analysis

In order to improve the quality control level of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus(LLF) and to explore the changes of chemical components after processing,the HPLC method for fingerprint and simultaneous determination of the major polar components in LLF were established. The octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as the stationary phase,with acetonitrile as the mobile phase A and0. 2% formic acid as the mobile phase B in a gradient elution procedure at a flow rate of 1. 0 m L·min-1. The detection wavelength was set at 280 nm and the column temperature was 25 ℃. There were 22 common peaks,20 of which were selected from the fingerprint of LLF and its wine-steamed product,respectively,and 14 chromatographic peaks were identified with reference substances. With the same chromatographic conditions,seven components were quantitatively analyzed and the results of system adaptability and methodology investigation all met the requirements of content determination. Compared with the crude LLF,the content of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural and salidroside significantly increased in wine-steamed LLF,while the contents of iridoid glycosides generally decreased. The method provided a basis for quality control of LLF and its processed products as well as the related preparations.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Furaldehyde ; analogs & derivatives ; Glucosides ; Iridoid Glycosides ; Ligustrum ; chemistry ; Phenols ; Phytochemicals ; analysis

AIMTo study the chemical constituents from Clerodendron bungei Steud.

METHODSThe compounds were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques and identified by their physicochemical properties and spectral data.

RESULTSTen phenylethanoid glycosides were isolated and identified as clerodendronoside (1), acteoside (2), isoacteoside (3), cistanoside C (4), jionoside C (5), leucosceptoside A (6), cistanoside D (7), campneoside I (8), campneoside II (9), cistanoside F (10).

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 is a new phenylethanoid glycoside, while compounds 4-10 are obtained from this plant for the first time.

Catechols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Clerodendrum ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Iridoid Glycosides ; Iridoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Phenols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Components, Aerial ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

As a large category of natural products widely present in traditional Chinese medicine, iridoid glycosides have multiple pharmacological activities. Recent researches suggest that iridoid glycosides mainly exist in the forms of original form, aglycone and a series of their Ⅰ and Ⅱ metabolites under the biotransformation effect, and their metabolites have been proved to have multiple pharmacological activities. The research progress on metabolism and metabolite activities of several iridoid glycosides would be reviewed in this article, to provide a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of iridoid compounds and their metabolites.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Iridoid Glycosides ; metabolism ; pharmacology

As a traditional Chinese medicinal material, Lonicera japonica has a long medicinal history. The chemical constituents of Lonicera japonica are complex, mainly including iridoid glycosides, flavonoids, triterpenes, organic acids and volatile oil. Iridoid glycosides account for a higher proportion. In addition, modern pharmacological studies have shown that the iridoid glycosides have many pharmacological activities such as antivirus, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, liver protection and lowering blood sugar. This review intends to systematically summarize the iridoid glycosides identified from Lonicera japonica and their pharmacological activities by searc-hing Chinese and English databases, in order to provide a reference for the further development and utilization of Lonicera japonica and for the improvement of quality standards of medicinal materials.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Flavonoids ; Glycosides/pharmacology* ; Iridoid Glycosides/pharmacology* ; Lonicera ; Plant Extracts

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the promoting effect of the constituents in plasma after oral administration of Liuwei Dihuangwan on proliferation of rat osteoblast.

METHODTo add the constituents in plasma after oral administration of Liuwei Dihuangwan with rational concentration into culture solution of rat osteoblast, later using MT method for determining the proliferation rate of rat osteoblast.

RESULTThe Mixed group including morroniside, sweroside and loganin with different dose all significantly promoted proliferation of rat osteoblast.

CONCLUSIONThis study preliminarily elucidated the constituents such as morroniside, sweroside and loganin in plasma after oral administration of Liuwei Dihuangwan were main biological constituents which contributed to anti-osteoporosis bioactivity of Liuwei Dihuangwan.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Glucosides ; blood ; Glycosides ; blood ; Iridoid Glucosides ; Iridoids ; blood ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Plasma ; chemistry ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

AIMTo investigate the chemical constituents of water-soluble part of stem of Nauclea officinalis.

METHODSThe compounds were isolated and purified by resins, silica gel, and Sephadex LH20 column chromatography repeatedly, and their structures were identified by spectral analysis.

RESULTSSeven compounds were isolated and identified as: naucleamide A-10-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (I), 5-beta-carboxystrictosidin (II), sweroside (III), loganin (IV), 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (V), 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (VI), 2-phenethylrutinoside (VII).

CONCLUSIONCompound I is a new indole alkaloid glucoside, compounds I-VII were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Carbolines ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Indole Alkaloids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Iridoid Glucosides ; Iridoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rubiaceae ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo develop a RP-HPLC method for determination of three glycosides in Swertia punicea.

METHODChromatographic column: Alltimal C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm). Mobile phase: methanol-water (including 0.05% H3PO4), and gradient elution. Flow rate: 1 mL x min(-1). Wavelength: 254 nm. Column temperture: 30 degrees C.

RESULTThe calibration curves of gentiopicroside, mangiferin and swertrianolin were in good linearity over the range of 31.3-281.7, 0.31-2.78, 0.55-4.91 microg, (r = 0.9996, 0.9993, 0.9995). The average recoveries were 103.36%, 101.42% and 97.39%, with RSD less then 3% (n = 5).

CONCLUSIONIt is a simple and sensitive meathod in controlling the quality of S. punicea.

Calibration ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Glycosides ; analysis ; Iridoid Glucosides ; Iridoids ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Swertia ; chemistry ; Xanthones ; analysis