to assess the effects and side-effects of iodized oil (IO) through the changes of thyroid functions. Subject were randomly selected from goiter people living in Thoi An commune, O Mon district, Can Tho province, they were treated with single dose 400mg of IO. Method: randomized controlled trial. Conclusion: IO is effective in repairing iodine deficiency through the improvements of hormone level: serum TSH level decreased, but serum T3 and T4 level were changed insignificantly. Effects of single dose 400mg of IO lasted about 12 months. There was no one experienced clinical thyrotoxicosis, 14.3% developed sub-clinical thyrotoxicosis after 12 months in group of older subjects and experienced chronic goiter
goiter ; Thyroid Gland ; Iodized Oil ; prevention & control

To evaluate the changes induced in tumor tissue, the feeding artery, and neovascularization upon pingyangmycin-lipiodol emulsion treatment via transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) using the rabbit VX2 liver cancer model. The VX2 liver tumor model was established in 28 rabbits, and baseline tumor volume (V1, in mm3) was measured by spiral scan computed tomography (CT). Then, the rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7 each) and administered intraarterial therapies of: ultrafluid lipoidol embolization (group A); pingyangmycin (group B); pingyangmycin-lipiodol emulsion (group C); or saline (group D). All rabbits were sacrificed seven days later, and the response to therapy was determined by measuring the tumor volume (V2, in mm3), calculating the tumor growth rate, detecting expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) tumor biomarker, and performing histological analysis of the microvessel density (MVD) in the liver. Prior to therapy, the average V1 of the groups was statistically similar (A: 389.8+/-167.3, B: 404.1+/-184.9, C: 355.1+/-158.3, D: 378.1+/-189.0; (F = 0.257, P more than 0.05). In contrast, after therapy the average V2 of the groups was significantly different (A: 922.6+/-32.9, B: 665.9+/-99.9, C: 349.5+/-177.8, D: 1403.5+/-411.2; F = 26.23, P less than 0.05), as was the tumor growth ratio (A: 1.4, B: 0.6, C: -0.02, D: 2.7) and the mean positive ratio of VEGF (A: 57.1%, B: 42.9%, C: 28.6%, D: 100%; F = 8.407, P less than 0.05). MVD was highest in group D and lowest in group C (all, P less than 0.05). Bivariate correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between VEGF expression and MVD (r = 0.743, P less than 0.01). Pingyangmycin exerts anti-tumor effects in the rabbit VX2 liver cancer model, but is more effective when administered as the combination therapy of pingyangmycin-lipiodol emulsion with TACE.
Animals ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Bleomycin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Emulsions ; Ethiodized Oil ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Iodized Oil ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; blood supply ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Microvessels ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To compare the therapeutic efficacy between conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) and combined therapy using cTACE and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in ultrasound (US)-invisible early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2008 to June 2016, 167 patients with US-invisible early stage HCCs were treated with cTACE alone (cTACE group; n = 85) or cTACE followed by immediate fluoroscopy-guided RFA targeting intratumoral iodized oil retention (combined group; n = 82). Procedure-related complications, local tumor progression (LTP), time to progression (TTP), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors. RESULTS: There was no major complication in either group. The cTACE group showed higher 1-, 3-, and 5-year LTP rates than the combined group; i.e., 12.5%, 31.7%, and 37.0%, respectively, in the cTACE group; compared to 7.3%, 16.5%, and 16.5%, respectively, in the combined group; p = 0.013. The median TTP was 18 months in the cTACE group and 24 months in the combined group (p = 0.037). Cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 100%, 93.2%, and 87.7%, respectively, in the cTACE group and 100%, 96.6%, and 87.4%, respectively, in the combined group (p = 0.686). Tumor diameter > 20 mm and cTACE monotherapy were independent risk factors for LTP and TTP. CONCLUSION: Combined therapy using cTACE followed by fluoroscopy-guided RFA is a safe and effective treatment in US-invisible early stage HCCs. It provides less LTP and longer TTP than cTACE alone.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Catheter Ablation* ; Humans ; Iodized Oil ; Liver Neoplasms* ; Liver* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Ultrasonography

We present a case in which an arterial rupture occurring during embolization of an arteriovenous malformation of the left occipital lobe with a flow-directed micro-catheter,was successfully sealed with a small amount of glue. We navigated a 1.8-Fr Magic catheter through the posterior cerebral artery, and during superse-lective test injection, extravasation was observed at the parieto-occipital branch. The catheter was not removed and the perforation site was successfully sealed with a small amount of glue injected through the same catheter. Prompt recogni-tion and closure of the perforation site is essential for good prognosis.
Adult ; Case Report ; Cerebral Arteries/*injuries ; Embolization, Therapeutic/*adverse effects ; *Enbucrilate ; Human ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/*therapy ; *Iodized Oil ; Male ; Rupture

Bleomycin ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Female ; Hemangioma ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Iodized Oil ; therapeutic use ; Syndrome ; Thrombocytopenia ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the efficacy of hyperthermal lipiodol embolization and thermocoagulation for the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

METHODSOne hundred and thirty-one cases were randomized into two groups: the hyperthermal dilute lipiodol embolization group (63 cases) and the chemoembolization group (68 cases). With Seldinger's method, We first placed the catheter to the targeting vessel superselectively and then put the hyperthermal dilute lipiodol (110 degrees C) 10~30ml to the tumor vessels to IV degree for the former group; gave the lipiodol-epirubicin emulsion by the same way to the latter group.

RESULTSThe rate of tumor minification and AFP normalization in the hyperthermal lipiodol embolization group was higher than that in the lipiodol-epirubicin embolization group. The side effects and the liver damage were mild in the former group. The survival time of the patients in the former group was longer than that in the latter group.

CONCLUSIONSEmbolization of the tumor vessels with hyperthermal dilute lipiodol is more thorough due to its better fluidity. The thermocoagulation of the hyperthermal dilute lipiodol becomes stronger for its higher specific heat. It is therefore a good technique for the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; therapy ; Contrast Media ; Electrocoagulation ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Humans ; Iodized Oil ; Liver Function Tests ; Liver Neoplasms ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

A case of metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma in which partial remission was achieved with transarterial embolization is presented as probably the first reported case in the literature to date. A 29-year-old woman was admitted because of adrenal cortical carcinoma which had not responded to mitotane. A left adrenalectomy with segmentectomy of the involved liver had been done previously. Abdominal computerized tomography demonstrated multiple large metastatic tumors in the liver. Transarterial embolization with Gelfoam and 20 mCi of 131I-labeled lipiodol was performed and resulted in a decrease in tumor size and biochemical parameters. Transarterial embolization can be one of the therapeutic modalities for metastatic adrenal cortical carcinomas.
Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms/metabolism/*therapy ; Adult ; *Embolization, Therapeutic ; Female ; Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/metabolism ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Iodized Oil ; Liver Neoplasms/metabolism/*secondary/*therapy

Despite remarkable advancement in the surveillance and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the availability of novel curative options, a great proportion of HCC patients are still not eligible for curative treatment due to an advanced tumor stage or poor hepatic functional reserve. Therefore, there is a continuing need for effective palliative treatments. Although practiced widely, it has only recently been demonstrated that the use of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) provides a survival benefit based on randomized controlled studies. Hence, TACE has become standard treatment in selected patients. TACE combines the effect of targeted chemotherapy with the effect of ischemic necrosis induced by arterial embolization. Most of the TACE procedures have been based on iodized oil utilizing the microembolic and drug-carrying characteristic of iodized oil. Recently, there have been efforts to improve the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to a tumor. In this review, the basic principles, technical issues and complications of TACE are reviewed and recent advancement in TACE technique and clinical applicability are briefed.
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/*methods ; Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infusions, Intra-Arterial ; Iodized Oil/therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms/*therapy

OBJECTIVETo work out an individualized lipiodol dose in transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for large hepatic carcinoma (HCC) according to its blood supply evaluated by CT.

METHODSOne hundred patients with HCC (diameter more than 8 cm) were studied by triphasic 5-mm-thick-section scan of multidetector helical CT. Patterns of HCC blood supply were divided into sufficient blood supply, poor blood supply, mixed blood supply and arterial-venous shunt. The dose of ultra-fluid lipiodol was determined by diameter and blood supply type of HCC. The patients were divided two groups (50 cases each), with the lipiodol perfused according to the diameter and the blood supply of tumor in one group and the iodized oil perfused according to the actual tumor diameter in the other. The filling of lipiodol in HCC was observed and conformation rate was compared in the two groups. When the diameter of HCC was less than 10 cm, 10 - 20 ml and 5 - 10 ml lipiodol was injected in to the sufficient blood supply and the poor supply groups. When the diameter of HCC was more than 10 cm, 20 - 30 ml iodized oil was injected in the sufficient blood supply group. The lipiodol dose in the mixed blood supply group was determined by the diameter of sufficient blood supply area.

RESULTSThe conformation and effective rate were 82%, 84% in the first group and 36%, 46% in the second group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONA relative individualized lipiodol dose may be determined according to the blood supply pattern and the tumor diameter by CT imaging.

Adult ; Aged ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Iodized Oil ; administration & dosage ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood supply ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the blood supply of low density viable area of primary heptocellular carcinoma after transcatheter hepatic artery chemoembolization using lipiodol (LP-TACE), by helical dual-phase CT scanning and three dimensional CT (3DCT).

METHODSThirty-four patients with primary heptocellular carcinoma after LP-TACE were examined by hepatic helical dual-phase CT. 3DCT model of the maximum intensity projection (MIP), surface shaded display (SSD) reconstruction of the hepatic artery and portal vein were simultaneously done in 5 cases.

RESULTSViable tumor areas of 34 cases of primary heptocellular carcinoma after LP-TACE were divided into four types: peripheral, lateral, central and diffused types. Enhanced tumor vessel or tissue in viable tumor area was found during hepatic dual-phase in 17 cases, during hepatic artery-phase only in 8 and hepatic portal vein-phase only in 3. The viable tumor areas were found to have blood supply from the hepatic vein in 2 cases. The viable tumor area unenhanced during hepatic dual-phase was found in 6 cases. In 5 cases, the relation between the viable tumor area and branches of hepatic artery and portal vein was showed by MIP and SSD of hepatic artery and portal vein.

CONCLUSIONHepatic helical dual-phase CT scan with 3DCT is effective in evaluating the blood supply of viable tumor areas and the therapeutic effect of primary heptocellular carcinoma after LP-TACE.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Catheterization ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Contrast Media ; Female ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Iodized Oil ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, Spiral Computed