Malassezia intertrigo is a very rare clinical entity in which the clinical lesions occur in intertroginous areas as erythematous scaling macules and direct microscopic examinatons of scales reveal only large numbers of yeast forms of Malassezia organism. A 59-year-old man, developed brown, finely scaling macular lesions on the inguinal areas. Direct microscopy and culture of the scalings taken from the lesional areas of the patient revealed only oval forms of Malassezia organism.
Humans ; Intertrigo* ; Malassezia* ; Microscopy ; Middle Aged ; Weights and Measures ; Yeasts

BACKGROUND: Because of recently increasing reports of azole-resistant Candida species, it is necessary to perform antifungal susceptibility test. E test(AB Biodisk, Sweden) is a rapid, easy-to- perform in-vitro antifungal susceptibility test. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of azole antifungal agents against Candida sp. isolated from skin lesion using E test. METHODS: Twenty-seven clinical isolates of Candida sp.(including 24 C. albicans, 2 C. parapsilosis, and 1 C. guilliermondii) were tested. MIC endpoints of E test for itraconazole(ICZ) and fluconazole (FCZ) susceptibility were read after 24 hours for each isolates on Casitone agar. RESULTS: MIC of azole antifungal agents against Candida sp. : MIC of ICZ was 0.008-1.0microgram/mL on C. albicans, 0.023-0.125microgram/mL on C. parapsilosis, and 0.064microgram/mL on C. guilliermondii. MIC of FCZ was 0.5-4.0microgram/mL on C. albicans, 1.5-2.0microgram/mL on C. parapsilosis, and 0.5microgram/mL on C. guilliermondii. According to NCCLS(National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards) guidelines, two strains of C. albicans isolated from patients with Candidal intertrigo showed ICZ-resistant. CONCLUSION: We found that E test represented a simple and valuable method for susceptibility test for Candida sp.
Agar ; Antifungal Agents ; Candida* ; Danazol* ; Fluconazole ; Humans ; Intertrigo ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Intertrigo is a form of contact dermatitis of skin folds of the body, for which a large variety of topical medications may be recommended. Application of a suitable barrier preparation is the cornerstone for the prevention and treatment for the intertrigo. OBJECTIVE: There is a notable absence of controlled trials to support and guide the use of barrier preparations for intertrigo. METHODS: We evaluated the effect of powders and moisturizers with non-invasive measuring methods on irritated skin reactions induced by sodium lauryl sulphate in the sintertriginous skin of 21 healthy volunteers. After skin irritation for 24 hours with patch test of 1% sodium lauryl sulphate on both axilla, we applied a powder and a moisturizer respectively. Evaluation was done at 2 weeks by transepidermal water loss, electrical capacitance. RESULTS: TEWL values of the moisturizer treated side were significantly lower than that of the powder treated side. Water holding capacity values of the moisturizer treated side were significantly higher than that of the powder treated side. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that topical application of a moisturizer might improve the disruption of permeability barrier function of intertrigo. We suggest this experimental model for further barrier preparation efficacy testing of intertrigo.
Axilla ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Intertrigo ; Models, Theoretical ; Patch Tests ; Permeability ; Powders ; Skin ; Sodium

BACKGROUND: There have been few clinical and mycological studies of superficial cutaneous candidiasis in Korea. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the recent clinical and mycological features of superficial cutaneous candidiasis and correlation between underlying diseases and candidiasis. METHODS: Among 233 patients, 233 strains of Candida(C.) species were isolated and identified by Sabouraud's dextrose agar culture, germ tube test and sugar assimilation test using API 20C kit. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 1. The incidence of superficial cutaneous candidiasis was 4.0% out of a total of 5,809 out-patients. 2. The ratio of male to female patients was 1.1:1. 3. Among the age groups, the incidence rate was high in the first decade and above sixth decade. 4. Candidal intertrigo was the most common type of infection(56.7%). 5. Among 233 Candida species C. albicans(90.6%), C. parapsilosis(4.7%), C. guilliermondii(2.1%), C. tropicalis(1.7%), C. glabrata(0.9%) were identified. 6. Neurological disease was the most common underlying disease(56.4%).
Agar ; Candida* ; Candidiasis ; Candidiasis, Cutaneous* ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intertrigo ; Korea ; Male ; Outpatients

We present a case of familial benign chronic pemphigus in 50-year-old male patient who had had recurrent oozing, macerated and eroded skin lesions on the groin and scrotum for 20 years. At first, we diagnosed his case as scrotal eczema and/or intertrigo, but after repeated recurrance, it was confirmed as above disease by characteristic histopathologic findings.
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Eczema ; Groin ; Humans ; Intertrigo ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pemphigus, Benign Familial* ; Scrotum ; Skin

Diaper dermatitis is an infant dermatosis associated with the wearing of diapers, Despite of its high frequency in clinical pediatrics the clinical characteristics are not well described in the korean literatvre. We investigated the clinical and mycological characteritics of diaper dermatitis in 50 serial patients. Clinically diaper dermatitis was classified. into five categories,irritant contact derniatitis(ID), candidiasis(CD). combined rash of ID and CD(CR.), intertrigo, and miliari. Of 50 patients with diaper dermatitis, 18 had ID; 16, CI3; 10, CR; 5, intertrigo, and 1, miliaria, The mean age of patients with ID (11.8 months) was higher than that of patients with CD (4.0 months). Candida albicans(C. albicans) w is isolated from 25 patients with diaper dermatitis. The rate of positive cultures by clinical diagnosis was 130% in CD, 11.1% in ID, 60, 0% in CR, and 20.0% in intertrigo. C. albicons was isolated from 23 patients(82.1%) of patients with clinically suspected Ci") and 2 of 22 patients without the characteristic erythematous papulesThe presence of eryhematous papules was the most characteristic clinical feature of infection, Other candida species isolated from cut,aneous lesions were C. tropicalsis, C.'. parapsiolosis, and C. stellatoidea.
Candida ; Candidiasis ; Dermatitis* ; Diagnosis ; Exanthema ; Humans ; Infant ; Intertrigo ; Miliaria ; Pediatrics ; Skin Diseases

Zinc deficiency in breast-fed infants is an important disorder. Unlike acrodermatitis enteropathica, it is transient and stops when nursing ends. We report on a case of a breast-fed, full-term male infant who presented with erythematous fine scaly patches and plaques involving the flexural area and trunk at 4 month of age. Clinical impressions of intertrigo, fungal infection or inverse psoriasis were considered. These lesions did not respond to treatment with topical antifungal agents and corticosteroids. The results of laboratory investigations revealed a lowered zinc level in the infant's serum (48.4microg/dl: normal 70~121microg/dl) and in the mother's milk (16microg/dl: normal 48~75microg/dl) and a normal level of zinc in the mother's serum. After the patient's mother was given zinc supplements, the skin lesions were dramatically improved and his serum zinc level became normal. Early recognition of the disorder and introduction of zinc supplementation rapidly reversed the transient zinc deficiency.
Acrodermatitis ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Antifungal Agents ; Humans ; Infant ; Intertrigo ; Male ; Milk ; Mothers ; Psoriasis ; Skin ; Zinc

PURPOSE: This study was done to develop an evidence-based nursing clinical practice guideline for Moisture associated skin damage (MASD) prevention and management for patients in Korea. METHODS: The guideline adaptation process was used and conducted according to the guideline adaptation manual developed by the Korean Hospital Nurses Association. It consists of three main phases and 9 modules including a total of 24 steps. RESULTS: The adapted MASD clinical practice guideline consisted of 4 sections, 8 domains and 28 recommendations. The number of recommendations in each section was: 7 on MASD assessment, 14 on MASD prevention and management, 4 on education, and 3 on organizational policy. Of the recommendations, 3.6% were marked as A grade, 28.6% as B grade, and 67.8% as C grade. CONCLUSION: This MASD clinical practice guideline is the first to be developed in Korea. The developed guideline will contribute to standardized and consistent MASD prevention and management. The guideline can be recommended for dissemination and utilization by nurses nationwide to improve the quality of MASD prevention and management. Regular revision is recommended.
Dermatitis, Irritant ; Education ; Evidence-Based Nursing ; Evidence-Based Practice ; Humans ; Intertrigo ; Korea ; Organizational Policy ; Skin Care ; Skin

Demacre', a new topical steroid cream containing 0.025% beclomethasone dipropionate, was used in several kinds of dermatoses. Total 35 patients including ll cases of contact dermatitis, 5 of atopic dermatitis, 3 of hand eczema, 3 of seborrheic dermatitis, 2 of neurodermatitis, 2 of nummular eczema, 2 of autosensitization dermatitis, 1 of chronic eczema, 3 of psoriasis, 1 of insect bite, 1 of miliaria rubra, and 1 of intertrigo were treated by Demacre'. Among these patients, we observed excellent effects in 4 patients (11%), good effects in 22 patients (63%), and fair effects in 3 patients (9%). Namely, among these 35 patients, 26 patients (74%) revealed excellent to good therapeutic effects on their skin conditions with Demacre'. No untoward side effects were noted in all subjects treated with Demacre.
Beclomethasone ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Eczema ; Hand ; Humans ; Insect Bites and Stings ; Intertrigo ; Miliaria ; Neurodermatitis ; Psoriasis ; Skin ; Skin Diseases*

Candidiasis is an acute or chronic infection caused most commonly by Candida albicans and occasionally by other species of the genus Candida. The superficial cutaneous candidiasis is varied; oral Candidiasis, perieche, candidal vulvovaginitis, candidal balanitis, candidal intertrigo, erosio interdigitalis blastomycetica, perianal candidiasis, candidal paronychia, candidal onychia, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, congenital cutaneous candidiasis, and candidid. Diagnosis can be made by typical appearance of the clinical lesions and the presence of satellite vesicopustules. This can be confirmed by KOH examination and culture of skin scrapings. Treatment is the correction of predisposing factors, topical therapy of imidazoles and/or systemic administration of itraconazole or fluconazole.
Balanitis ; Candida ; Candida albicans ; Candidiasis ; Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous ; Candidiasis, Cutaneous* ; Candidiasis, Oral ; Causality ; Diagnosis ; Fluconazole ; Imidazoles ; Intertrigo ; Itraconazole ; Male ; Paronychia ; Skin ; Vulvovaginitis