Objective To explore feasibility of laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatic hemangioma.Methods Twelve patients were treated by laparoscopic hepatectomy, including left lateral lobectomy in 5 cases and local liver resection in 7 cases. Three cases of hepatic hemangioma associated with gallbladder stone were performed cholecystectomy synchronously. Results Laparoscopic procedures were successfully performed in all 12 cases. The mean operative time was 155 min. The mean blood loss was 230 mL. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 8 days. The pospostoperative recovery was smooth except that 1 case had pulmonary infection. During a follow-up of 6-20 months for 12 cases,there were no recurrence. Conclusion Laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatic hemangioma is safe and feasibile with good effect under the condition of strict indication selection and experienced surgeons operating.

Hepatic resection has been the main form of the treatment of liver benign and malignant tumors. With the popularity of applications of minimally invasive techniques in surgery in recent years, laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH) application has also achieved a rapid development. It' s advantages are known as a small open incision, light systemic response and rapid recovery, meanwhile it can also attain the same efficiency as the open surgery does. However, there also exist disadvantages, such as complicated conduct, expensive instruments, and bleeding problems. This article reviews the process of development of laparoscopic liver resection, and elaborates its current status, existing problems, and evaluation of its treatment and efficiency.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a critical disease which has a high mortality. In order to make the diagnosis and treatment much more promptly, rationally and effectively, this article briefly introduces some methods for assessment of the severity and risk of SAP by clinical manifestation, risk factors,scoring systems, radiology and laboratory examinations.

Tuberculosis of bone and joint most commonly occurs in spine, and the main treatment method is anterior debridement, bone grafting and internal fixation. Autologous bone is still considered the "gold standard" when the anterior reconstruction of spine after debridement is needed. Allogeneic bone, artificial bone and artificial intervertebral support bodies such as titanium mesh and some biological materials also have a broad clinical application, but still can not completely replace the autologous bone because of their defects. In the aspect of internal fixation, anterior fixation has become a conventional method for the patients who suffer from active spinal tuberculosis and need anterior debridement of the focus, because this method can provide good support. This review summarizes the present situation of choice for supporting and bone grafting material for anterior reconstruction after debridement of spinal tuberculosis.

The imbalance between histone acetylation and histone deacetylation can lead to the inactivation of suppressor genes and the activation of oncogenes by influencing transcription. Based on this, researchers found that HDAC inhibitors can induce prostate cancer cells growth arrest, differentiation and apoptosis. This review summarizes the advance research of histone deacetylase inhibitors in treatment of prostate cancer.

Flail chest is the common chest trauma, which causes abnormal respiration and mediastinal swing affecting the respiratory and circulatory function after injury. Fixation of ribs of flail chest has been used for half a century, methods and equipment of which varied, and domestic and foreign scholars have verified its efficacy in clinical practice. This article summarizes its main great progresses.

Zuckerkandl tubercle is the extension of thyriod gland. For the past few years, more and more surgeons and anatomists have become interested in it. Clinically, surgeons usually rely on specified anatomical landmarks to avoid injuries to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, including the laryngeal branches and the superior parathyroid in thyroid surgery, such as the bottom corner of the thyroid cartilage, the inferior thyroid artery, lower pole of thyroid, tracheoesophageal groove, suspensory ligament of thyroid gland and so on. As the specified landmarks, they have several common characteristics:on the one hand, their location should be constant; on the other hand, they should be easy to observe and touch, meanwhile convenient and practical.As a new anatomical landmark, Zuckerkandl tubercle is in accordance with the above characteristics and prevalent in the population. Therefore, Zuckerkandl tubercle could become an important landmark to identify the the recurrent laryngeal nerve, including the laryngeal branches and the superior parathyroid in thyroid surgery. This essay aims to briefly analyze the role of Zuckerkandl tubercle in thyroid surgery.

Pancreatic cancer frequently infiltrates the portal vein system because of the close anatomical proximity between the head of the pancreas and the portal/superior mesenteric vein confluence,and the biological character of invasion. In these cases, pancreatectomy combined with portal vein/superior mesenteric vein resection is a potential treatment, but the outcome remains controversial. So far there is no significant evidence have shown that the pancreatectomy combined with portal vein/superior mesenteric vein resection improves the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. In order to establish clinical practice guidelines, as well as standardize operational indication and operational method, it is necessary to conduct large-scale, multicenter, randomized and controlled prospective clinical trials,and collect long-term follow up information.

Scavenger receptor B type Ⅰ (SR-BI) is a HDL receptor which fivst identified at molecular level. It can mediate the metabolism of cholesterol and other lipids between HDL and cells, involving in intestinal absorption of cholesterol, and mediate outflow of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to promote the selective uptake of cholesterol by the liver and transfer in liver cells, and then secrete cholesterol into the bile through the bile duct side of the membrane. This process can affect cholesterol levels in bile. In this review,we discuss the process of SR-BI-mediated cholesterol metabolism.

Colonoscopy has become the most commonly used method to the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal diseases at present.Colonoscopic perforation is considered the most serious complication with high mortality, especially in the patients with certain risk factors and iatrogenic factors, despite of its low incidence.According to the clinical features in the period of perioperative colonoscopy, early detection of colonoscopic perforation is a prerequisite for successful treatment and the key to lower mortality.So far in the treatment,some methods can be selected, including conservative treatment, open surgery, laparoscopic surgery and endoscopy folders, etc.Clinical judgement and analysis of disease should be specific and accurate, but not to be generalized.Doctors should adopt reasonable and effective treatment options according to clinical performance, the size of perforation,intestinal readiness, time of diagnosis, colon primary lesion and so on.