Conotruncal defects(CTD) is a kind of severe cardiovascular abnormality, which is the major cause of death in rinatal pelriod. Some researches suggest that CTD and 22q11 microdeletion had close relationship. In addition, HIRA gene is located in 22q11, which was speculated as a candidate gene in CTD.

As a Y-box transcdption factor,ZONAB performs biological functions of promoting the proliferation and inhibiting the differentiation of epithelial cells,regulating the function of tight junctions,as well as promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.ZONAB plays its transcriptional activity by interacting with other tight junction elements and genes,proteins,enzymes and transcription factors which are enrolled in the cell cycle.Meanwhile,its transcriptional activity is also regulated by many other factors.ZONAB takes part in the proliferation,differentiation of epithelial cells,stress reaction,organogenesis and oncogenesis progress,which has been proved to be associated with the genesis and development of many diseases.The regulation mechanism and clinical significance of ZONAB has been the focus at home and abroad.

Objective To investigate the laboratory indexes changes of cardiotoxicity before and after pirarubicin(THP)chemotherapy in children with hepatoblastoma(HB).Methods The clinical data of 76 cases were collected whose were postoperative HB children and were given THP chemotherapy from January 2012 to June 2015 in our hospital.Changes of serum laboratory indexes including N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)and creatine kinase isoenzymes(CKMB)were analyzed by statistical methods between pre-treat-ment and post-treatment with THP.Results There was no definite cardiotoxicity case in 76 children with HB. The serum NT-proBNP level of pre-treatment was(80.93 ± 74.13)ng/L and the level of post-treatment was (211.85 ± 211.42)ng/L.The changes of serum NT-proBNP showed statistical difference(P=0.00,P<0.05) between pre-treatment and post-treatment.The serum NT-proBNP level in group with THP cumulative doses more than 200 milligram per square meter was(225.67 ± 237.63)ng/L,which was higher than that level of NT-proBNP ((182.39 ± 140.43)ng/L)in group with THP cumulative dose less than or equal to 200 milligram per square meter.But the difference of the two groups showed no statistical significance(P=0.338,P>0.05).The pre-treatment level of CKMB was(23.08 ± 13.52)U/L and post-treatment level was(30.90 ± 13.92)U/L.The changes of serum CKMB level showed statistically difference(P=0.00,P<0.05).Conclusion The serum NT-proBNP level of postoperative HB was significantly increased after given THP chemotherapy,which might have a certain clinical significance for early monitoring of cardiotoxicity.

Objective To observe the efficacy of bacterial lysate(bronchovaxom) in the acute phase of respiratory tract infection and to prevent recurrent respiratory tract infections.Methods From April 2014 to A-pril 2015,in pediatric respiratory ward of Shengjing hospital of China Medical University,80 children with recur-rent respiratory tract infection were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,with 40 cases in each group.The control group patients were received routine anti-infection and symptomatic treatment,the treat-ment group patients were received oral bacterial lysis products for 3 months on basis of the conventional anti-in-fection and symptomatic treatment.To observe the duration of clinical symptoms of two groups of children with respiratory tract infection in the acute phase,antibiotic use and hospital stay changes;observed the number of re-spiratory infections occurred again within 1 year;measured the levels of serum immunoglobulin before and 6 months after treatment. Results Compared with the control group,the duration of symptoms such as fever, cough and other symptoms of respiratory tract infection,the duration of pulmonary rales,the use of antibiotics and the length of hospital stay were significantly shortened in the treatment group,and the number of respiratory infections was significantly reduced,the difference significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of IgG and IgA in the treatment group were significantly higher than those before treatment,and the immunoglobulin IgG and IgA in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Oral bacterial lysis products to prevent respiratory infections,not only can reduce the duration of various clini-cal symptoms of respiratory tract infection,shorten the use of antibiotics and hospital stay,and can improve chil-dren's immunity,reduce the number of respiratory infections again.

Bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory infectious disease in children under two years old.The main pathogen of bronchiolitis is respiratory syncytial virus.Bronchiolitis is also associated with asth-ma.It is still unknown for us about the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis.In recent years,we were found find that the T helper l7 cell(Thl7)and regulatory T cell(Treg)play an important role in bronchiolitis.We review the role of Thl7/Treg imbalances in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis in this paper.

Tubulo-epithelial-mesenchymal transition refers to the renal tubular epithelial cells transfor-mation into stromal cells through some regulatory factors,causing tissue pathological changes.More and more scholars believe that EMT plays a crucial role in the development and metastasis of renal interstitial fibrosis.As an important small RNA related to gene transcription regulation,miRNA has a close relationship with EMT-relat-ed gene expression and plays an important role in EMT,and has become a hotspot in EMT.The research progress of recent years is reviewed in this passage.

SOX4 is a member of the group C subfamily of the SOX transcription factors and has a criti-cal role during embryogenesis and in controlling cell fate.SOX4 can participate in TGF-β,Wnt signaling ways to mediate cell differentiation,proliferation,migration.SOX4 can facilitate epithelial-mesenchymal transition by di-rectly regulating EZH2 expression.It is one of the 64 genes that constitute a general signature in all human canc-ers.SOX4 is widely expressed in lung and establishes the lung structure in lung development.Here,we provide an overview of role of SOX4 in cell and lung development.

Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children,endangering the health of children,at the same time bringing a great financial burden to the community and the family.The relationship between intes-tinal microflora and asthma was a hotspot in recent years.The preventive and therapeutic effects of probiotics on asthma have been paid more and more attention.The mechanism of asthma hypothesis as"Hygiene hypothesis", Th1 / Th2 imbalance theory and regulatory T cells(Treg)have promoted the research progress on the relation-ship between intestinal flora and asthma.In this paper,intestinal flora and the prevention and treatment of asth-ma-related research are reviewed.

Airway epithelial cells,which are the first line of defense against inhaled pathogens and parti-cles,play an important role in initiating airway inflammation,mucous metaplasia and keeping type 2 inflamma-tion in asthma.Mucous metaplasia of airway epithelial cells is one of the important part of airway reconstitution. The mucous overproduction in small airway leads to mucous plug,which is closely related to the high mortality of asthma.Multiple signaling and transcriptional networks influence goblet cell differentiation.These include JAK and the transcription factor STAT6,Notch,EGFR,et al.In this article,the changes of epithelial cells in asthma and its role at the beginning of asthma are described.Furthermore,the progress in airway mucous metaplasia and several related cell signaling pathways were focused on,which may provide some potential target to inhibit the secretion of mucous in asthma.

Objective To developed A laboratory diagnosis of Moraxella catarrhalis by an laboratories diagnostic method real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay. Methods The specific primers and probes were designed based on the sequence of outer membrane protein CopB(copB)gene in Moraxella catarrhalis,and the Taqman probe RT-PCR method was developed to detect the Moraxella catarrhalis.The standard plasmids ex-tracted from the Moraxella catarrhalis standard strains were used to constitute the standard samples,and compared with these standard samples,the sensitivity of the fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was tested by the estab-lished standard curves.The specificity of the fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was tested by the DNA samples of other bacterias in the laboratory.Meanwhile,321 throat swab samples from inpatient and outpatient child pa-tients,with asthma infection were collected as clinical samples to validate the fluorescence quantitative PCR as-say.Results The standard curve was drawn in the real-time PCR by the Taqman fluorescence reporter.During the sensitivity tests,the newly-developed real-time fluorescence PCR could detect at least 10 copies of Moraxella catarrhalis,and could successfully distinguish several DNAs of the pathogens.On the basis of the validation result of the 321 throat swab samples,there are 25 Moraxella catarrhalis with 7.79 % positive rate.Conclusion The fluorescence quantitative PCR assay is of great sensitivity and specificity,and it can be widely used for the detec-tion of Moraxella catarrhalis.