1.Effects of Cytokine Milieu Secreted by BCG-treated Dendritic Cells on Allergen-Specific Th Immune Response.
Youngil I KOH ; Inseon S CHOI ; Je Jung LEE
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2004;19(5):640-646
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is reported to suppress Th2 response and asthmatic reaction. Dendritic cells (DCs), the major antigen-presenting cells, infections with BCG are known to result in inducing various cytokines. Thus, DCs are likely to play a role in the effects of BCG on asthma. This study aims at investigating that cytokine milieu secreted by BCG-treated DCs directly enhances allergen-specific Th1 response and/or suppresses Th2 response in allergic asthma. DCs and CD3+ T cells were generated from Dermatophagoides farinae-sensitive asthmatics. DCs were cultured with and without BCG and subjected to flow cytometric analysis. IL-12 and IL-10 were determined from the culture supernatants. Some DCs were cocultured with T cells in the presence of D. farinae extracts after adding the culture supernatants from BCG-treated DCs, and IL-5 and IFN-gamma were determined. BCG-treated DCs enhanced significantly the expressions of CD80, CD86, and CD40, and the productions of IL-12 and IL-10. Addition of culture supernatants from BCG-treated DCs up-regulated production of IFN-gamma by T cells stimulated by DCs and D. farinae extracts (p<0.05), but did not down-regulate production of IL-5 (p>0.05). The cytokine milieu secreted by BCG-treated DCs directly enhanced allergen-specific Th1 response, although did not suppress Th2 response.
Antigens, Dermatophagoides/*immunology
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Asthma/*immunology
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Cells, Cultured
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Coculture Techniques
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Culture Media
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Cytokines/*immunology/secretion
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Dendritic Cells/cytology/*immunology/secretion
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Humans
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Hypersensitivity/immunology
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Interferon Type II/immunology/secretion
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Interleukin-10/immunology/secretion
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Interleukin-12/immunology/secretion
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Interleukin-5/immunology/secretion
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Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
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Mycobacterium bovis/*immunology
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Th2 Cells/cytology/immunology/secretion
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Up-Regulation/immunology
2.In vivo ligation of glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor enhances the T-cell immunity to herpes simplex virus type 1.
Soojin LA ; Eunhwa KIM ; Byungsuk KWON
Experimental & Molecular Medicine 2005;37(3):193-198
GITR (glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor) is a recently identified member of the TNF receptor superfamily. The receptor is preferentially expressed on CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and GITR signals break the suppressive activity of the subset. In this study, we wanted to reveal the in vivo function of GITR in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. A single injection of anti-GITR mAb (DTA-1) immediately after viral infection significantly increased the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing CD25, an activation surface marker, and secreting IFN-gamma. We confirmed these in vivo observations by showing ex vivo that re-stimulation of CD4+ or CD8+ T cells with a CD4+ or CD8+ T-cell-specific HSV-1 peptide, respectively, induced a significant elevation in cell proliferation and in IFN-gamma secretion. Our results indicate that GITR signals play a critical role in the T-cell immunity to HSV-1.
Animals
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Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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Cell Proliferation
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Female
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Glucocorticoids/*pharmacology
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Herpes Simplex/*immunology
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Herpesvirus 1, Human/pathogenicity
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*Immunity, Cellular
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Interferon Type II/secretion
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*Lymphocyte Activation
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Peptide Fragments/metabolism
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Receptors, Interleukin-2/metabolism
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Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/genetics/immunology/*metabolism
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Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/genetics/immunology/*metabolism
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/metabolism/virology