BACKGROUND: Subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) who have a high 1-hour postload plasma glucose level (> or =155 mg/dL; NGT 1 hour-high) have been shown to be at higher risk for type 2 diabetes than subjects with NGT 1 hour-low postload plasma glucose level (<155 mg/dL). We compared beta-cell function in subjects with NGT 1 hour-high, NGT 1 hour-low, and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). METHODS: We classified subjects into NGT 1 hour-low (n=149), NGT 1 hour-high (n=43), and IGT (n=52). The beta-cell function was assessed based on insulinogenic index (IGI), oral disposition index (DI), and insulin secretion-sensitivity index-2 (ISSI-2). RESULTS: Insulin sensitivity was comparable between the subjects with NGT 1 hour-high and NGT 1 hour-low. The beta-cell function with/without adjusting insulin sensitivity was significantly different among the three groups. The IGI (pmol/mmol) was 116.8+/-107.3 vs. 64.8+/-47.8 vs. 65.8+/-80.6 (P=0.141), oral DI was 3.5+/-4.2 vs. 1.8+/-1.4 vs. 1.8+/-3.1 (P<0.001), and ISSI-2 was 301.2+/-113.7 vs. 213.2+/-67.3 vs. 172.5+/-87.5 (P<0.001) in NGT 1 hour-low, NGT 1 hour-high, and IGT, respectively. Post hoc analyses revealed that oral DI and ISSI-2 were significantly different between NGT 1 hour-low and NGT 1 hour-high but comparable between NGT 1 hour-high and IGT. CONCLUSION: Among Korean subjects with NGT, those who have a higher 1-hour postload glucose level have a compromised insulin-sensitivity adjusted beta-cell function to a similar degree as IGT subjects.
Blood Glucose* ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Glucose* ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance

No abstract available.
Fetal Blood* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Insulin*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Baths* ; Blood Glucose* ; Insulin* ; Rats*

Animals ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; blood ; etiology ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; blood ; complications ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ; blood ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Metabolic Syndrome ; blood ; complications ; Receptor, IGF Type 1 ; blood ; Receptor, Insulin ; blood

No abstract available.
Blood Glucose* ; Fetal Blood* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Insulin*

Adolescent ; Adult ; Fatty Liver ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Leptin ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; blood ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Male

AIMTo know the effect of cysteamine (CS) on the plasma levels of somatostatin (SS) and some metabolic hormones in adult geese.

METHODSFourteen adult crossbred geese (Chuan white x Tai lake) fitted with chronic wing vein cannulas were used in this study to evaluate the effect of CS on SS, TSH, T3 and T4 levels. The experiment was consisted of control and treated phase. The diet was added CS at dosage of 100 mg/kg bw on the first day of the treated phase. The blood samples were collected from the cannulas and analyzed by radioimmunoassay.

RESULTSThe plasma SS concentration was (1.87 +/- 0.10) microg/L in control phase. Whereas SS concentrations on day 1, 3, 5, 7 of treated phase were decreased markedly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Thereafter it was rose on the seventh day, however it was still lower than that of control. The thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) content (2.45 +/- 0.31 mIU/L) was significantly decreased by 21.63% (P < 0.01) on day 1, and 18.37% (P > 0.05) on day 3 and day 5. Comparing with control phase (5.41 +/- 0.98 microg/L), T4 contents were elevated by 60.26% (P < 0.01), 43.25% (P < 0.01), 37.15% (P < 0.01) and 16. 82% (P < 0.01) respectively on day 1, 3, 5, 7. T3 level was (1.05 +/- 0.06) microg/L in control phase, whereas the levels was significantly increased by 36.19% (P < 0.01) on day 3. Also, the insulin concentration was higher than that of control (4.43 +/- 0.41 mU/ L) by 18.28% (P < 0.05) on the day 5.

CONCLUSIONThese results indicate that CS can decrease the plasma SS and TSH levels, whereas increase the levels of T4, T3 and insulin, therefore change metabolism, improve the nutrition transform and accelerate the growth in geese.

Animals ; Cysteamine ; pharmacology ; Diet ; Geese ; Insulin ; blood ; Somatostatin ; blood ; Thyrotropin ; blood ; Thyroxine ; blood ; Triiodothyronine ; blood

OBJECTIVETo study the serum leptin level and insulin resistance on sustained virological response (SVR) in patients with chronic hepatitis C and to evaluate whether serum leptin level and insulin resistance are independent risk factors.

METHODSForty chronic hepatitis C patients were treated with interferon (alpha-2a) 5 MU and ribavirin 1.0 g for 24 weeks. The fasting serum leptin, insulin, glucose, HCV RNA load, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR: homeostasis model of assessment) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Statistical methods used were univariate analyses and multivariable regression analyses.

RESULTSOf the 40 patients, 23 patients (57.5%) had a sustained virological response and 17 patients (42.5%) had a non-sustained virological response. Patients with a sustained virological response had lower serum leptin, HOMA-IR and BMI. Their SVR was associated with age, HCV RNA loads, serum leptin level, and insulin resistance, when analyzed with univariate analyses. SVR was not associated with sex, ALT, or AST. With multivariable regression analyses, serum leptin level and insulin resistance were found to be independent prediction factors for SVR in chronic hepatitis C patients with antivirus treatment.

CONCLUSIONSerum leptin level and insulin resistance were associated with SVR in chronic hepatitis C patients; they were independent prediction factors for SVR.

Adult ; Female ; Hepacivirus ; immunology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; blood ; immunology ; virology ; Humans ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Leptin ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the practical and sensitive index for insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents.

METHODSAn oral glucose tolerance test and insulin releasing test were performed in 126 obese (divided into 3 groups according their BMI) and 25 normal children. The ratio of fasting plasma glucose to fasting plasma insulin (FBG/FINS), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment-insulin activity index (IAI), whole body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI) and area under curve of glucose and insulin (AUCBG, AUCINS) were calculated.

RESULTThere were no significant differences in fasting plasma glucose levels, while significant differences existed in fasting plasma insulin, the ratio of fasting plasma glucose to fasting plasma insulin,homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, homeostasis model assessment-insulin activity index, whole body insulin sensitivity index, area under curve of glucose, area under curve of insulin and AUCINS/AUCBG among these four groups. Whole body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI) reflected the sensitiveness of the insulin earlier than that of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and homeostasis model assessment-insulin activity index.

CONCLUSIONWhole body insulin sensitivity index seems to be a better index for insulin resistance for obese children.

Adolescent ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Child ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; methods ; Humans ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Obesity ; blood ; Sensitivity and Specificity