We campared radial and femoral arterial blood pressure in 20 patients, ranging in age from 1-27 years, during and after cardiopulmonary bypass for repair of congenital heart disease. Differences in systolic arterial pressure, mean arterial pressure, diastolic arterial pressure were measured between femoral and radial artery pressure at specfied time (30 min after induction, 10 min after rewarming, 10 min after aortic declamping, 30 min after aortic declamping). This study failed to demonstrate the overt inaccuracy of radial arterial pressure measurement during cardiopulmonary bypass, but we could find the tendency that radial artery pressure may be measured inconsistently during and after cardiopulmonary bypass and altered peripheral resistance may contribute to this inconsistency.
Arterial Pressure* ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Radial Artery ; Rewarming ; Vascular Resistance

In 7 apneic dogs, pulmonary gas exchange was compared between the supine and prone position during constant flow ventilantion (CFV) with room air or 100% oxygen at the different flow rate (5, 10, 15, 20 L/min). CFV was performed through two catheter (I.D. 2.0 mm) inserted into both main stem bronchi. The body position of the dogs was changed alternately and the order of flow rate selection was randomized. After 10 min. of each run of CFV, arterial blood gases were measured and alveolar arterial oxygen partial pressure difference (AaDO2) was calculated. AaDO2 with room air under the prone position was significantly smaller than that under the supine position at the flow rate of 5, 15 and 20 L/min. with increasing flow rate, AaDO2 with room air increased significantly regardless body position. No significant difference of AaDO2 with 100% oxygen were observed between the flow rate. The present study shows that ventilation perfusion (V/Q) mismatching during CFV in apneic dogs improved by changing the supine position to the prone position and deteriorated by increasing flow rates, which fact suggests that the impaired oxygenation during CFV is associated with the changes of the status of ventilation perfusion relationship, airway geometry and relative position of intrathoracic organ.
Animals ; Apnea ; Bronchi ; Catheters ; Dogs* ; Gases ; Oxygen ; Partial Pressure ; Perfusion ; Prone Position ; Pulmonary Gas Exchange ; Supine Position ; Ventilation*