1.Helicobacter pylori may participate in the development of inflammatory bowel disease by modulating the intestinal microbiota.
Xiaoyin BAI ; Lingjuan JIANG ; Gechong RUAN ; Tingting LIU ; Hong YANG
Chinese Medical Journal 2022;135(6):634-638
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a non-specific inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that is generally accepted to be closely related to intestinal dysbiosis in the host. GI infections contribute a key role in the pathogenesis of IBD; however, although the results of recent clinical studies have revealed an inverse correlation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and IBD, the exact mechanism underlying the development of IBD remains unclear. H. pylori, as a star microorganism, has been a focus for decades, and recent preclinical and real-world studies have demonstrated that H. pylori not only affects the changes in the gastric microbiota and microenvironment but also influences the intestinal microbiota, indicating a potential correlation with IBD. Detailed analysis revealed that H. pylori infection increased the diversity of the intestinal microbiota, reduced the abundance of Bacteroidetes, augmented the abundance of Firmicutes, and produced short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria such as Akkermansia. All these factors may decrease vulnerability to IBD. Further studies investigating the H. pylori-intestinal microbiota metabolite axis should be performed to understand the mechanism underlying the development of IBD.
Chronic Disease
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Dysbiosis/microbiology*
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Gastrointestinal Microbiome
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Helicobacter Infections
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Helicobacter pylori
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Humans
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/microbiology*
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Microbiota
2.Correlation between Vitamin D Status and Gut Microbiota in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Dan CHEN ; Yue LI ; Han SUN ; Meng XIAO ; Rui Li ZHANG ; Ling QIU ; Bei TAN ; Jia Ming QIAN
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae 2020;42(6):740-748
Objective To investigate the correlation between serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D[T-25(OH)D]level and fecal microbiota in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). Methods Twenty-three patients with IBD completed the tests for serum T-25(OH)D,and the fecal microbiota was studied using V4 hypervariable region of 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene sequencing.According to serum T-25(OH)D level,the patients were divided into three groups including vitamin D normal group(
Bacteria/classification*
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Feces/microbiology*
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Gastrointestinal Microbiome
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Humans
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/microbiology*
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RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics*
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Vitamin D/blood*
3.Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Enteric Microbiota.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2010;55(1):4-18
Intestinal mucosal layers are colonized by a complex microbiota that provides beneficial effects under normal physiological conditions, but is capable of contributing to chronic inflammatory disease such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in susceptible individuals. Studies have shown that the enteric microbiota may drive the development of the gut immune system and can induce immune homeostasis as well as contribute to the development of IBD although the precise etiology is still unknown. Therefore, intestinal microbes seem to play a key role in the disease pathogenesis. Especially, dysbiosis, which is a shift in the composition of enteric microbiota to a nonphysiologic composition, is associated with one or more defects in mucosal immune functions, including microbe recognition, barrier function, intercellular communication, and anti-microbial effector mechanisms. This review focuses on the impact of enteric microbiota on the development and perpetuation of IBD. In addition, interactions with enteric bacteria and mucosal cells, including intestinal epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and T cells, to induce immune responses at mucosal surfaces have been discussed in the point of IBD pathogenesis. Further extension of the knowledge of enteric microbiota may lead to insights on the pathogenesis and new therapeutic strategies for IBD.
Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
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Host-Pathogen Interactions
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Humans
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/*microbiology/pathology
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Intestinal Mucosa/immunology/microbiology
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Intestines/microbiology/pathology
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T-Lymphocytes/immunology/metabolism
4.Metagenomics in studying gastrointestinal tract microorganism.
Bo XU ; Yunjuan YANG ; Junjun LI ; Xianghua TANG ; Yuelin MU ; Zunxi HUANG
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2013;29(12):1721-1735
Animal gastrointestinal tract contains a complex community of microbes, whose composition ultimately reflects the co-evolution of microorganisms with their animal host. The gut microbial community of humans and animals has received significant attention from researchers because of its association with health and disease. The application of metagenomics technology enables researchers to study not only the microbial composition but also the function of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. In this paper, combined with our own findings, we summarized advances in studying gastrointestinal tract microorganism with metagenomics and the bioinformatics technology.
Animals
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Gastrointestinal Tract
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microbiology
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Humans
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Hyperglycemia
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etiology
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
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etiology
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Metagenome
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physiology
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Metagenomics
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methods
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Obesity
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etiology
5.The Intestinal Microbiota and Human Disease.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2013;62(2):85-91
Advances in sequencing technology and the development of metagenomics have opened up new ways to investigate the microorganisms inhabiting the human gut. The intestinal microbiota confer protection against pathogens, contribute to the maturation of the immune system, and regulate host metabolism. The composition of gut microbiota in early life is influenced by mode of birth, diet, and antibiotics. Decreased biodiversity and alterations in the composition of the intestinal microbiota have been observed in many diseases including obesity, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Therapeutic options for the diseases linked to imbalance in the microbiota include modifying the gut microbiota through diet, probiotics, and fecal transplants.
Animals
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Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
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Clostridium difficile/isolation & purification/pathogenicity
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Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous/drug therapy/microbiology/pathology
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Fatty Liver/etiology/microbiology
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Humans
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/etiology/microbiology
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Intestines/*microbiology
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*Microbiota
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Obesity/etiology/microbiology
6.Fusobacterium Isolates Recovered From Colonic Biopsies of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients in Korea.
Yangsoon LEE ; Chang Soo EUN ; A Reum LEE ; Chan Hyuk PARK ; Dong Soo HAN
Annals of Laboratory Medicine 2016;36(4):387-389
No abstract available.
Adult
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Aged
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Biopsy
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Colon/*microbiology/pathology
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Fusobacterium/genetics/*isolation & purification
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Humans
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/microbiology/*pathology
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
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RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistry/genetics/metabolism
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Republic of Korea
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Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Young Adult
7.Diet, microbiota, and inflammatory bowel disease: lessons from Japanese foods.
Takanori KANAI ; Katsuyoshi MATSUOKA ; Makoto NAGANUMA ; Atsushi HAYASHI ; Tadakazu HISAMATSU
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2014;29(4):409-415
The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) including ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease are rapidly increasing in Western countries and in developed Asian countries. Although biologic agents targeting the immune system have been effective in patients with IBD, cessation of treatment leads to relapse in the majority of patients, suggesting that intrinsic immune dysregulation is an effect, not a cause, of IBD. Dramatic changes in the environment, resulting in the dysregulated composition of intestinal microbiota or dysbiosis, may be associated with the fundamental causes of IBD. Japan now has upgraded water supply and sewerage systems, as well as dietary habits and antibiotic overuse that are similar to such features found in developed Western countries. The purpose of this review article was to describe the association of diet, particularly Japanese food and microbiota, with IBD.
Animals
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*Asian Continental Ancestry Group
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Diet/*ethnology
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Evidence-Based Medicine
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Food Habits/ethnology
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Humans
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Incidence
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diagnosis/diet therapy/*ethnology/immunology/*microbiology
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Intestines/immunology/*microbiology
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Japan/epidemiology
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*Microbiota
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Prevalence
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Probiotics/therapeutic use
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Prognosis
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Risk Factors
8.Effects of Probiotics on Gut Microbiota in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial.
Mahdi SHADNOUSH ; Rahebeh Shaker HOSSEINI ; Ahad KHALILNEZHAD ; Lida NAVAI ; Hossein GOUDARZI ; Maryam VAEZJALALI
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2015;65(4):215-221
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Several clinical trials have revealed various advantages for probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to further investigate the effects of probiotic yogurt consumption on gut microbiota in patients with this disease. METHODS: A total of 305 participants were divided into three groups; group A (IBD patients receiving probiotic yogurt; n=105), group B (IBD patients receiving placebo; n=105), and control group (healthy individuals receiving probiotic yogurt; n=95). Stool samples were collected both before and after 8 weeks of intervention; and population of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides in the stool specimens was measured by Taqman real-time PCR method. ': By the end of the intervention, no significant variations in the mean weight and body mass index were observed between three groups (p>0.05). However, the mean numbers of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides in group A were significantly increased compared to group B (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p<0.01, respectively). There were also significant differences in the mean numbers of either of three bacteria between group A and the healthy control group; however, these differences between two groups were observed both at baseline and the end of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of probiotic yogurt by patients with IBD may help to improve intestinal function by increasing the number of probiotic bacteria in the intestine and colon. However, many more studies are required in order to prove the concept.
Adult
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Bacteroides/genetics
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Bifidobacterium/genetics
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DNA, Bacterial/analysis
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Double-Blind Method
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Feces/microbiology
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Female
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Gastrointestinal Microbiome
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Humans
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/*drug therapy
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Intestines/microbiology
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Lactobacillus/genetics
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Placebo Effect
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Probiotics/*therapeutic use
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Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
9.Changes of fecal flora and its correlation with inflammatory indicators in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Ting ZHANG ; Ye CHEN ; Zhongqiu WANG ; Youlian ZHOU ; Shaoheng ZHANG ; Pu WANG ; Shan XIE ; Bo JIANG
Journal of Southern Medical University 2013;33(10):1474-1477
OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in fecal flora and its correlation with the occurrence and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
METHODSWe collected fresh fecal specimens from 167 IBD patients (including 113 with ulcerative colitis and 54 with Crohn's disease) and 54 healthy volunteers. The fecal flora was analyzed by gradient dilution method and the data of inflammatory markers including WBC, PLT, CRP and ESR were collected to assess the association between the fecal flora and the inflammatory markers.
RESULTSThe species Enterrococcus (6.60∓0.23, P<0.01), Saccharomyces (2.22∓0.27, P<0.05), Bacteriodes (5.57∓0.28, P<0.001), Bifidobacterium (5.08∓0.30, P<0.01), Peptococcus (6.22∓0.25, P<0.001), Lactobacillus (6.00∓0.26, P<0.001), and Clostridium (3.57∓0.30, P<0.05) all increased significantly, while Eubacterium (1.56∓0.24, P<0.01) reduced markedly in patients with ulcerative colitis compared with those in the control subjects. Enterrococcus (6.93∓0.28, P<0.01), Saccharomyces (2.73∓0.37, P<0.01), Bacteriodes (4.32∓0.52, P<0.05), Bifidobacterium (4.88∓0.42, P<0.05), Peptococcus (6.19∓0.32, P<0.01) and Lactobacillus (4.73∓0.47, P<0.001) all increased significantly and Eubacterium (1.01∓0.29, P<0.01) and Clostridium (0.87∓0.31, P<0.01) decreased in patients with Crohn's disease. The positivity rates of bacterial culture were consistent with the results of quantitative analysis of the fecal flora. The changes in fecal flora did not show a significant correlation with these inflammatory markers.
CONCLUSIONIBD patients have fecal flora imbalance compared with the healthy controls, and this imbalance may contribute to the occurrence and progression of IBD. The decline of Eubacterium contributes to the occurrence and development of IBD.
Adult ; Bacteria ; isolation & purification ; Bacteroides ; isolation & purification ; Bifidobacterium ; isolation & purification ; Biomarkers ; analysis ; Clostridium ; isolation & purification ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; microbiology ; Crohn Disease ; microbiology ; Enterococcus ; isolation & purification ; Eubacterium ; isolation & purification ; Feces ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; etiology ; microbiology ; Lactobacillus ; isolation & purification ; Male ; Peptococcus ; isolation & purification ; Saccharomyces ; isolation & purification