OBJECTIVE: Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common causative microorganism in pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). In this infection tubal obstruction, infertility, tubal pregnancy and recurrent pelvic infection has involved. Also, perinatal infection, spontaneous abortion and preterm labor of pregnant women increased in chlamydia infection. This study was performed to investigate the prevalence rate and clinical characteristics of Chlamydia trachomatis in symptomatic women. METHODS: From March, 2003 to March, 2004, in OB-Gyn development, endocervical swab were obtained in 218 patients (137 impatients of PID and 81 outpatients) by Amplicor Chlamydia Transfer Kits and Human papilloma virus kit. They were studied on history taking, physical examination, laboratory test, and polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. Also, in this study we investigated the prevalence of human papilloma virus and N. gonorrhea in the Chlamydia infection group. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of Chlamydia trachomatis was 27.5% (61/218) in pelvic inflammatory disease. As regarding the age distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis positive group was the high prevalence rate in twenties (52.8%). Chlamydia infection was related to the history of artificial abortion, oral contraception, occupation status, history of gynecologic disease (PID, Ectopic pregnancy). Women with chlamydial infection were 2.5 times greater risk of coincidal HPV infection and 2 times greater risk of coincidal N. gonorrhea infection and both were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The prevalence rate of Chlamydia infection is higher than any other sexually transmitted disease and Chlamydia infection has serious complication on reproduction. It appears weak symptom and detection is difficult. Therefore the screening and treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis are necessary to decrease the prevalence and prevention of complication.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Age Distribution ; Chlamydia Infections ; Chlamydia trachomatis* ; Chlamydia* ; Contraception ; Fallopian Tube Diseases ; Female ; Genital Diseases, Female ; Gonorrhea ; Humans ; Infertility ; Mass Screening ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Occupations ; Papilloma ; Pelvic Infection ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease* ; Physical Examination ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal ; Pregnant Women ; Prevalence ; Reproduction ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Background: Anogenital human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most frequent reported sexually transmitted infection in the world. We aim to describe the local demographic data and the clinical characteristics of anogenital warts (AGWs). Methods: This is a retrospective study on all patients with AGWs who attended the GUM clinic between 2015 and 2020. Data was obtained from case notes and further analysed. Results: A total of 935 patients with AGWs attended the GUM clinic between 2015 and 2020. The mean age was 30.4 years (range 12-84). The male to female ratio was 2.35:1. Majority were Malaysian (97%). Majority of the Malaysian were Malays (61.5%) followed by Chinese (27.7%) and Indian (8.9%). About 5.6% had a history of substance abuse. While the majority (57.9%) were heterosexual, 34.8% were homosexual and 6.4% were bisexual. About 59.8% had more than one sexual partner. A quarter (25.6%) was infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. The most frequent site of AGWs in males was the perianal area (52.6%), followed by the penis (45.7%), and with a fifth of them having lesions at multiple sites. For female patients, the most frequent site of AGWs was the posterior fourchette (45.2%) followed by the labia minora (33%) with 46.6% had involvement at multiple sites. Approximately 17.6% had other concomitant sexually transmitted infections. Local treatment application used included cryotherapy (86.4%), podophyllin (35.3%), tri-chloroacetic acid (26.8%) and imiquimod (2.6%). About 41.5% required combination of these modalities. Nearly 6.2% experienced recurrence. About 2% required surgical intervention. Conclusions AGWs was more commonly observed in male. The most frequent site of involvement was perianal for male (52.6%) and posterior fourchette in female (45.2%).
Papillomavirus Infections ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Actinomycosis of cerivcofacial region is an uncommon disease and presents as an abscess or chronic lesion mimicking malignancy, tuberculosis, or fungal lesion. Actinomycosis is difficult to diagnose because of fastidious nature of the organism in culture and general lack of familiarity with the disease. So, a high index of suspicion is required to make an accurate and timely diagnosis. We present a case of male patient with actinomycosis of submandibular triangle complaining of neck mass.
Abscess ; Actinomycosis* ; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Neck* ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Tuberculosis

Actinomycosis is a disease caused by an anaerobic bacteria called Actinomyces species (predominantly Actinomyces israelii), which is a common and normally nonpathogenic organism found in the nose and throat. The four major clinical presentations of actinomycosis include the cervicofacial, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic region. Actinomycosis is difficult to diagnose because of variable presentation and fastidious nature of the organism in culture. A high index of suspicion and biopsy are often necessary to make the diagnosis, because the disease can mimic neoplasm or a chronic granulomatous infection. We present, with the appropriate review, a case of actinomycosis in the mandibular angle area which was mistaken for a parotid abscess.
Abscess* ; Actinomyces ; Actinomycosis ; Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Nose ; Pelvis ; Pharynx

No abstract available.
Humans ; Needles* ; Peritonsillar Abscess*

No abstract available.
Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary* ; Diagnosis*

Actinomycosis is a bacterial infection that can affect virtually any site in the body. There are three major forms of actinomycosis: cervicofacial, abdominal and thoracic. Aspergillus spp. are ubiquitous in the environment in most countries of the world. Pulmonary aspergillosis is clinically classified by aspergilloma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and invasive aspergillosis. Actinomyces and Aspergillus, each of them was often reported in case, but mixed infection of both organisms have not kern reported. We experienced a case of mixed infection of Actinomyces and Aspergillus involving the same area of the lung in a 62 year-old housewife presented with hemoptysis and solitary pulmonary nodule. Percutaneous needle aspiration and later surgical resection revealed sulfur granule mixed with Aspergillus hyphae in the same lesion. We report this case with a review of the literature.
Actinomyces* ; Actinomycosis ; Aspergillosis ; Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary ; Aspergillus* ; Bacterial Infections ; Coinfection* ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Hyphae ; Lung* ; Middle Aged ; Needles ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ; Sulfur

A mycotic aneurysm is a localized, irreversible arterial dilatation resulting from destruction of the vessel wall by infection. Pathogens causing mycotic aneurysms include Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogen causing urinary tract infections, nosocomial pneumonia, soft tissue infection, pyogenic liver abscesses, and endophthalmitis, while mycotic aneurysms caused by K. pneumoniae are rare. Recently, the number of cases of endogenous K. pneumoniae endophthalmitis associated with K. pneumoniae-induced pyogenic liver abscesses has increased in Southern Asia, but there have been no reports of K. pneumoniae mycotic aneurysms accompanied by endophthalmitis. Here, we report the case of a man who had a K. pneumoniae mycotic aneurysm accompanied by endophthalmitis and, ultimately, lost sight in both eyes. The early diagnosis of associated endophthalmitis requires a high index of suspicion by the physician.
Aneurysm, Infected ; Aorta ; Asia ; Bacteria ; Dilatation ; Early Diagnosis ; Endophthalmitis ; Eye ; Fungi ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Klebsiella ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Liver Abscess, Pyogenic ; Pneumonia ; Soft Tissue Infections ; Urinary Tract Infections

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Abscess of neck is a life-threatening disease in children. Detection of abscess is important because it is essential for the determination of surgical drainage. However, clinical diagnosis is difficult, because children are seldom able to verbalize their symptoms or cooperate with physical examination. This study aims to review the clinical characteristics of 157 pediatric patients with neck inflammation and investigate the relative risk factors for abscess. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Pediatric patients who were admitted to Dongguk University Hospital from January 2005 to July 2014 with acute neck inflammation were reviewed. All 157 pediatric patients were divided into two groups, based on radiologic findings with and without neck abscess. RESULTS: Of 157 patients, 53 children were diagnosed with neck abscess, and peritonsillar abscess was the most common type of neck abscess followed by submandibular abscess, retro·parapharyngeal abscess and posterior triangle & other abscess. The dominant pathogens, staphylococcal infection (≤2 yr) and streptococcal infection (>3 yr), was different for the different age group. The abscess group except for peritonsillar abscess was characterized by younger age, higher heart rate and WBC count, and longer hospital days than those without abscess (p=0.026, 0.026, <0.001, 0.007 respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed younger age (≤24 mo) and higher heart rate were independent predictors for abscess formation (odds ratio: 3.022, 2.923). CONCLUSION: Pediatric patients with high heart rate & younger age are at risk for abscess formation; meticulous care and early imaging work up are required in younger children with deep neck infection, and especially with higher heart rate.
Abscess* ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Methods ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neck* ; Peritonsillar Abscess ; Physical Examination ; Risk Factors ; Staphylococcal Infections ; Streptococcal Infections

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) poses a serious threat in Neurosurgery. The mere presence of SSI would warrant a prompt medical and/ or surgical intervention for the outcome is very poor. This study aims to establish whether a pre-operative hospital stay of >7 days & other risk factors predisposes to surgical site infections. Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study of all pediatric patients who underwent clean neurosurgical procedures for the first time from January 1, 2011- June 30, 2014, in the Philippine General Hospital. The primary outcome was the development of a surgical site infection within 30 days from spine surgery or 90 days from intracranial surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to show the association of demographic and clinical factors with the development of SSI. Results: 279 medical charts were available for review. Median age was 1 year(5 days to 18 years old). The overall prevalence rate of SSI was 11.26%. Patients with >7 days pre-operative hospital stay had an incidence rate for SSI of 76.47% compared to 23.53% in patients with <7 days pre-operative hospital stay (OR 1.61, CI 0.68-3.84, p=0.280). Conclusions The incidence of SSI is high compared to other centers. There was no association of preoperative hospital stay with SSI. The association was significant only for the history of nosocomial infection. Early pre-operative clearance and surgery are recommended. Further prospective studies and surveillance are warranted
Surgical Wound Infection ; Cross Infection