Disease Management ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; therapy

Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the current status of studies on drug therapy for apnea of prematurity (AOP) in the past decade in China and abroad, and to describe the research trends in the field.

METHODSCNKI and MEDLINE were searched with the key words "apnea of prematurity" and "treatment" for articles published in the past decade (January 2006 to December 2015). The articles were screened and the key words were extracted to establish the co-occurrence matrix. Ucinet 6.2 was used to plot the knowledge map.

RESULTSA total of 26 Chinese key words and 20 English key words were included. Those in the center of the co-existent knowledge map of Chinses keywords were "preterm infants", "apnea", "primary apnea", "naloxone" and "aminophylline"; while "apnea", "preterm infants" and "caffeine" located in the central place of the co-existent knowledge map of English keywords.

CONCLUSIONSMethylxanthines are still the major drugs for AOP; however, aminophylline is mainly used in China, while caffeine is mainly used in foreign countries. Other drugs such as naltrexone are also used in the clinical treatment of AOP.

Aminophylline ; therapeutic use ; Apnea ; drug therapy ; Caffeine ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; drug therapy

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal disease of neonates, especially of preterm infants, with high morbidity and mortality. The surviving infants may have digestive tract and neurological sequelae. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of NEC are of great significance in improving survival rate and survival quality of neonates. To provide evidence-based recommendations for management of NEC, the guidelines were developed based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) and the current domestic and overseas studies.
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/therapy* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases ; Infant, Premature

OBJECTIVETo study the incidence of early complications and treatment outcomes in premature infants conceived via test tube.

METHODSA retrospective analysis and comparison was conducted on the clinical data of 122 test-tube premature infants and 183 naturally conceived premature infants (control group), including maternal complications, birth conditions and early complications.

RESULTSThere was no statistically significant difference in maternal complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (25.4% vs 12.0%; P < 0.05) and malformations (3.3% vs 0%; P < 0.05) in the test-tube group was statistically higher than in the control group. The mortality rate in the test-tube group was statistically higher than in the control group (9.0% vs 2.2%; P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTest-tube premature infants are more likely to suffer from respiratory distress syndrome and have higher incidences of congenital malformations and mortality. Asisted reproductive technique should therefore be chosen cautiously, and enhanced assessment and monitoring is needed during pregnancy.

Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; mortality ; therapy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; mortality ; Retrospective Studies

The preterm birth has been increasing for the last decade. With the development of neonatal intensive care techniques, the survival rate of preterm infants is increased markedly. However, the brain of preterm infants is so vulnerable to injury that preterm brain injury has become an enormous public health problem. Hypoxia-ischemia and infection/inflammation are two main perinatal risk factors causing premyelinating oligodendrocyte and cortical neuron injury. Encephalopathy of prematurity is characterized by diffuse white matter injury and neuronal/axonal disruption, leading to neurological disabilities such as cognitive impairment and cerebral palsy. The advancement in imaging techniques, especially magnetic resonance imaging, provides more information for preterm brain injury and brain development, which contributes to the diagnosis and follow-up of the preterm infants. This article reviews the progress in encephalopathy of prematurity in order to open a new window to prophylaxis and management of this disease.
Brain Diseases ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Leukomalacia, Periventricular ; diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurons ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; therapy ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; therapy ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors

PURPOSE: It is to examine clinical manifestations, early biochemical indicators, and risk factors for non-oliguric hyperkalemia (NOHK) in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected clinical and biochemical data from 75 ELBWI admitted to Ajou University Hospital between Jan. 2008 and Jun. 2011 by reviewing medical records retrospectively. NOHK was defined as serum potassium > or =7 mmol/L during the first 72 hours of life with urine output > or =1 mL/kg/h. RESULTS: NOHK developed in 26.7% (20/75) of ELBWI. Among NOHK developed in ELBWI, 85% (17/20) developed within postnatal (PN) 48 hours, 5% (1/20) experienced cardiac arrhythmia and 20% (4/20) of NOHK infants expired within PN 72 hours. There were statistically significant differences in gestational age, use of antenatal steroid, and serum phosphorous level at PN 24 hours, and serum sodium, calcium, and urea levels at PN 72 hours between NOHK and non-NOHK groups (p-value <0.050). However, there were no statistical differences in the rate of intraventricular hemorrhage, arrhythmia, mortality occurred, methods of fluid therapy, supplementation of amino acid and calcium, frequencies of umbilical artery catheterization and urine output between the two groups. CONCLUSION: NOHK is not a rare complication in ELBWI. It occurs more frequently in ELBWI with younger gestational age and who didn't use antenatal steroid. Furthermore, electrolyte imbalance such as hypernatremia, hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia occurred more often in NOHK group within PN 72 hours. Therefore, more use of antenatal steroid and careful control by monitoring electrolyte imbalance should be considered in order to prevent NOHK in ELBWI.
Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia/diagnosis/drug therapy/*epidemiology ; *Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases/diagnosis/drug therapy/*epidemiology ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors

Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Phenobarbital ; therapeutic use

Objective To evaluate the application of a mobile platform-based system in the management of fundus disease in outpatient settings. Methods In the outpatient departments of fundus disease,premature babies requiring eye examination under general anesthesia and adults requiring intraocular surgery were enrolled as the subjects. According to the existing clinical practices,we developed a system that met the requirements of clinical practices and optimized the clinical management. Based on the FileMaker database,the tablet computers were used as the mobile platform and the system could also be run in iPad and PC terminals.Results Since 2013,the system recorded 7500 cases of special examinations. Since July 2015,4100 cases of intravitreal drug injection were also recored in the system. Multiple-point and real-time reservation pattern increased the efficiency and opimize the clinical management. All the clinical data were digitalized. Conclusion The mobile platform-based system can increase the efficacy of examination and other clinical processes and standardize data collection;thus,it is feasible for the clinical practices in outpatient departments of ophthalmology.
Adult ; Computers, Handheld ; utilization ; Disease Management ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Outpatients ; Retinal Diseases ; therapy