OBJECTIVETo observe clinical therapeutic effect of superficial needling at distal and proximal acupoints on primary dysmenorrhea (PD).

METHODSOne hundred and twenty cases of PD were randomly divided into a treatment group (n =60) and a control group (n = 60). The treatment group were treated with superficial needling at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and the control group with oral administration of indometacin entric-coater tablets.

RESULTSOf the 120 cases, 116 cases completed the investigation. The total effective rate was 93. 3% in the treatment group and 75. 0% in the control group. The comprehensive therapeutic effect and the cured rate in the treatment group were significantly better than that in the control group (P<0. 001), with a more rapid effect and lasting a longer time than the control group.

CONCLUSIONClinical therapeutic effect of superficial needling at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on primary dysmenorrhea is better than that of oral administration of indometacin entric-coater tablets.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Dysmenorrhea ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Indomethacin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Tablets, Enteric-Coated

Rabbit eyes were irradiated with a neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd-YAG) laser and the changes in prostaglandin E and protein levels in the aqueous humor were measured. Intraocular pressure and pupil diameter were also determined in the same rabbits. Prostaglandin E and protein in the aqueous humor were increased depending upon the number of laser lesions. The increase in intraorular pressure and the decrease in pupil diameter occurred at similar dosages of laser irradiation. The response of the iris to the photodisruption was rapid. Changes in prostaglandin and protein contents and pupil diameter were already prominent 15 min after laser irradiation. Indomethacin pretreatment abolished most of these responses, suggesting that acute reactions following photodisruption were largely dependent on prostaglandin synthesis in iris tissue
Administration, Topical ; Animals ; Aqueous Humor/*analysis ; Female ; Indomethacin/*pharmacology ; Iris/*surgery ; Laser Therapy ; *Light Coagulation ; Male ; Prostaglandins E/*analysis ; Rabbits

AIMTo synthesize poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/cyclodextrin conjugate (PNIPA-beta-CD) as thermosensitive drug carrier, incorporate indomethacin into the conjugate and evaluate the drug release from the carrier in vitro.

METHODSPNIPA-beta-CD was synthesized by introducing carboxyl terminated PNIPA into the primary hydroxy group of beta-CD. The obtained conjugate was characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and DSC. The indomethacin/PNIPA-beta-CD complex was prepared by lyophilization. In vitro drug release from the complex was carried out at 25 degrees C and 37 degrees C respectively.

RESULTSThermosensitive PNIPA-beta-CD was synthesized successfully. The LCST is 35 degrees C, as measured by turbidity method. The drug release from indomethacin/PNIPA-beta-CD complex was slower at 37 degrees C than that at 25 degrees C.

CONCLUSIONThermosensitive PNIPA-beta-CD with molecular inclusion capacity is a potential carrier for drug sustained release.

Acrylic Resins ; chemistry ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; Indomethacin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Temperature ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical results and the changes of gingival crevicular fluid prostaglandins E(2) (GCF-PGE(2)) levels three months after indomethcin rinsing.

METHODSNineteen periodontal patients who had received periodontal treatment before were chosen and divided into two groups randomly: indomethcin test group and placebo control group. The clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were obtained respectively at 0, 1, 3 month. The levels of GCF-PGE(2) were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA).

RESULTSAfter 3 months' rinse treatment, the bleeding index and the amounts of GCF in test group decreased significantly than those of the control group. Attachment level improved in test group as well. The levels of GCF-PGE(2) significantly decreased in test group, which not changed in control group. The percentage value of plaque reduced considerably in both test group and control group after rinsing, but no significant difference was found between these two groups.

CONCLUSIONGingival inflammation and the levels of GCF-PGE(2) are reduced after topical indomethcin administration. The effect is related to the decrease of local PGE(2) levels.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; administration & dosage ; Dinoprostone ; analysis ; Double-Blind Method ; Gingival Crevicular Fluid ; chemistry ; Humans ; Indomethacin ; administration & dosage ; Periodontitis ; drug therapy

Solid carriers had important effects on the properties of solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SMEDDS). In order to make the basis for further development of S-SMEDDS, the influences of silica on the absorption of S-SMEDDS were investigated. An in vitro lipolysis model was used to evaluate the influence of silica on self-microemulsifying drug delivery system digestion from intestinal tract. S-SMEDDS containing silica were prepared by extrusion/spheronization. The drug release and absorption were investigated. The results showed that lipolysis rate and drug concentration in aqueous phase after intestinal lipolysis both increased by adding silica, which was benefit to drug absorption. And silica was not benefit to absorption for slowing drug release. Consistently, there was no significant influence of silica on intestinal absorption. This study implied that the influences of silica on lipolysis rate and drug release were both amount dependent and it is suggested that silica could be used as the solid carrier but the proportion needs to be optimized.
Animals ; Biological Availability ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Emulsions ; Indomethacin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Intestinal Absorption ; Lipolysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Silicon Dioxide ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Solubility

OBJECTIVETo search for a new method for treatment of acute gouty arthritis.

METHODSOne hundred cases of acute gouty arthritis were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group. The observation group were treated with local blocking and electroacupuncture at Yinbai (SP 1), Taichong (LR 3), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40), Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Ashi points, and the control group were treated with oral administration of 25 mg Indomethacin, thrice each day, and 100 mg Allopurinol, thrice daily. The therapeutic effects and changes of pain score, serum uric acid were observed in the two groups.

RESULTSThe effective rate was 96.4% in the observation group and 84.1% in the control group, the former being better than the later (P < 0.05). Before and after treatment, pain scores were 3.48 +/- 1.05 and 0.94 +/- 10.85, 3.45 +/- 1.07 and 2.11 +/- 0.91, and serum uric acid contents were (539.16 +/- 34.49) micromol/L and (376.30 +/- 52.85) micromol/L, and (552.29 +/- 46.15) micromol/L and (425.79 +/- 48.69) micromol/L in the two group, respectively. After treatment, pain score and serum uric acid content very significantly decreased in the two groups (both P < 0.01) and the observation group in the analgesic effect and the effect in decreasing serum uric acid content was better than the control group (both P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture combined with local blocking is an effective method for treatment of acute gouty arthritis and it can decrease blood uric acid level.

Acupuncture Points ; Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Allopurinol ; administration & dosage ; Arthritis, Gouty ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Indomethacin ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of dexketoprofen trometamol in the treatment of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).

METHODSA total of 115 patients with CP/CPPS were divided into a dexketoprofen trometamol group (n = 40), treated with dexketoprofen trometamol (25 mg, tid) and terazosin (2 mg, qn), an indometacin group (n = 40) given indometacin (25 mg, tid) and terazosin (2 mg, qn), and a terazosin group (n = 35) administered terazosin (2 mg, qn) only, all treated for 4 weeks. Scores on the NIH-chronic prostatitis symptom index (NIH-CPSI) were obtained before and after the treatment, and the efficacy and adverse events were observed and compared.

RESULTSThe NIH-CPSI scores were significantly improved after the treatment in all the three groups. The clinical efficacy was significantly better in the dexketoprofen trometamol and indometacin groups than in the terazosin group (P < 0.05), but with no significant difference between the former two (P > 0.05). The rates of adverse events were 10.00%, 18.57% and 27.50% in the dexketoprofen trometamol, terazosin and indometacin groups, significantly lower in the former two than in the latter one (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combination of dexketoprofen trometamol with terazosin could effectively improve the clinical symptoms of CP/CPPS, better than terazosin in therapeutic efficacy and than indometacin in drug tolerance.

Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Indomethacin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Ketoprofen ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Pelvic Pain ; drug therapy ; Prazosin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; Tromethamine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use

In this study, indomethacin (IND) loaded solidified-polymeric micelles (IND-SPM) were prepared. Their in vitro characteristics were investigated. Methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) poly(D, L-lactide) copolymer (mPEG-PDLLA) was used as IND carrier. The preparation of IND-SPM was conducted by solution-absorption method and evaporation by rotary evaporator. Polyplasdone XL-10 was used as adsorbent. The solution-absorption method was conducted by the following procedure; IND and mPEG-PDLLA were dissolved in acetone, followed by addition of polyplasdone XL-10 and stirred to obtain a suspension. The powder of IND-SPM was simply obtained after the organic solvent was completely evaporated. More than 90% (w/w) of IND (20 mg) in the powder was dissolved in 250 mL PBS within 30 min. DSC, 1H NMR and SEM results proved that IND was encapsulated within mPEG-PDLLA. The solubility of IND in the system increased 4.6 times with the highest amount of copolymer. The solidified particles were found to be suitable for the formulation of tablets or capsules.
Administration, Oral ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Indomethacin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Micelles ; Polyesters ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Povidone ; chemistry ; Solubility

OBJECTIVEIntravenous indomethacin is the conventional treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants; however its use is associated with various side effects such as oliguria, gastrointestinal bleeding and reduction of cerebral perfusion. Intravenous ibuprofen has recently been used to treat PDA in preterm infants without reducing cerebral blood flow or affecting intestinal or renal hemodynamics. Intravenous forms of indomethacin and ibuprofen are not available in Iran. This study aimed to examine and compare the efficacy and safety of oral ibuprofen and oral indomethacin for the treatment of PDA in preterm infants.

METHODSThirty-six infants (gestational age less than 34 weeks) who had echocardiographically confirmed PDA were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly administered with three oral doses of either indomethacin (0.2 mg/kg, at an interval of 24 hrs) or ibuprofen (a first dose of 10 mg/kg, followed at an interval of 24 hrs by two doses of 5 mg/kg each) (n=18 each group). The rate of ductal closure, side effects, complications, and the infants' clinical course were recorded.

RESULTSThe ductus was closed in all of 18 patients (100%) in the ibuprofen group and in 15 (83.3%) patients in the indomethacin group (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the levels of serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine between the two groups before and after treatment. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) occurred in 3 patients in the indomethacin group and none in the ibuprofen group (P < 0.05). The survival rate at 1 month after treatment was 94% (17/18) in both groups. One infant in the ibuprofen group died from sepsis and one in the indomethacin group died as a result of NEC.

CONCLUSIONSOral ibuprofen is as effective as oral indomethacin for the treatment of PDA in preterm infants. Oral ibuprofen therapy is associated with a lower incidence of NEC.

Administration, Oral ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; drug therapy ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Ibuprofen ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Indomethacin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature

Anti-inflammatory effects of Houttuynia cordata supercritical extract (HSE) were investigated in rat carrageenan-air pouch model. Oral administration of HSE (50-200 mg/kg) suppressed carrageenan-induced exudation and albumin leakage, as well as inflammatory cell infiltration at a high dose (200 mg/kg). Intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) only decreased exudation and cell infiltration, while indomethacin (2 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced exudate volume and albumin content without influence on the cell number. HSE lowered tumor-necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and nitric oxide (NO), as well as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Dexamethasone only reduced TNF-alpha and NO, while indomethacin decreased PGE2. The results indicate that HSE exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting both TNF-alpha-NO and cyclooxygenase-2-PGE2 pathways.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Carrageenan ; Cell Count ; Dexamethasone ; Dinoprostone ; Exudates and Transudates ; Houttuynia ; Indomethacin ; Inflammation ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Nitric Oxide ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha