The incidence of glomerulonephritis associated with malignancy is not common. Membranous glomerulonephritis associated with carcinomas and minimal change nephrotic syndrome with Hodgkin's disease has been occasionally reported. The pathogenesis of glomerular injury associated with malignancy is not well known. The IgA nephropathy associated with malignancy, though rare, has been reported. IgA nephropathy associated with acute myeloid leukemia, however, is yet to be reported. We hereby report a case of IgA nephropathy associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML M2).
Incidence

The incidence of glomerulonephritis associated with malignancy is not common. Membranous glomerulonephritis associated with carcinomas and minimal change nephrotic syndrome with Hodgkin's disease has been occasionally reported. The pathogenesis of glomerular injury associated with malignancy is not well known. The IgA nephropathy associated with malignancy, though rare, has been reported. IgA nephropathy associated with acute myeloid leukemia, however, is yet to be reported. We hereby report a case of IgA nephropathy associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML M2).
Incidence

Of 14,682 samples of feces examined, 81.7% were positive for intestinal helminths. Trichocephalus trichiurus was observed most frequently, in 73.2%. Eight other species of helminths found were Ascaris lumbricoides, Hookworm, Trichostrongylus orientalis, Clonorchis sinensis, Tapeworm, Hymenolepis nana, Paragoniumus westermani and Enterobius vermicularis, listed in decreasing order. Double infections were found more frequently than single infections, and mixed infection of five or more species of helminths occurred in 0.2% Of 10,320 samples of feces examined, 22.3% were positive for intestinal protozoa, Entamoeba coli was observed most frequently, in 11.1%. Six other species, Endolimax nana, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Iodamoeba butschlii, Chilomastix mesnill and lsospora hominis were found, in the order. It was noticed that E. histolytica was found more frequently in trichurial infection than with other helminths. Of 1,050 samples of sputum from the T. B. Clinic, 7.0% were positive for paragonimus eggs. Trichomonas vaginalis were found in 35.8%of 1,146 vaginal swabs examined. Seven cases of Plasmodium vivax infection were found among 140 suspected blood smears.
Incidence

Injuries at the cervico-thoracic junction can be difficult to diagnose (with an incidence as high as 9% of all spinal injuries) and to stabilize, because of anatomic complexities. We report a case with that was treated with a lateral mass screw and transpedicular screw-rod fixation for a flexion-distraction injury at the cervico-thoracic junction and we present a review of the literature.
Incidence

Author investigated safety accidents occurred in 26 companies during one year to study on the relationship between safety accident and shift systems.Safety accident incidence rate in 2-shifting system was 12.4 spells per 100 workers, was 1.7 times higher than 3-shifting system (7.3 spells) and 4 times than nonshift system (3.1 spells). The proportion of safety accident occurred by workers' mistake was 77.0 % at 3-shifting system, 68.8 % at 2-shifting system and 40.7 % at nonshift system. Safety accident incidence rate by workers' mistake in 2-shifting system was 8.5 spells per 100 workers, was 3.5 times higher than 3-shifting system (5.6 spells) and 5.3 times than nonshift system (1.6 spells). There was no fluctuation of safety accident incidence in nonshift system by time. But in 2- and 3-shifting system, spells of safety accident at the daytime were more higher than nighttime, vise versa spells of safety accident by workers' mistake. In nonshift system, a weekday of the most safety accident incidence was Thursday. But in 3-shifting system the most safety accident incidence was happened at weekend , vice versa in 2-shifting system. The proportion of admission by safety accidents was 44.6 % at 3-shifting system (33 spells) that was more higher than 2-shifting system (33.2 %) and nonshift system (22.4 %). Author concluded that safety accident incidences at shifting system were more higher than nonshift system and also more serious injuries were occurred. So the various comprehensive methods for the safety system, were needed to decrease the safety accident incidence and to increase worker's well-being.
Incidence

Author investigated safety accidents occurred in 26 companies during one year to study on the relationship between safety accident and shift systems.Safety accident incidence rate in 2-shifting system was 12.4 spells per 100 workers, was 1.7 times higher than 3-shifting system (7.3 spells) and 4 times than nonshift system (3.1 spells). The proportion of safety accident occurred by workers' mistake was 77.0 % at 3-shifting system, 68.8 % at 2-shifting system and 40.7 % at nonshift system. Safety accident incidence rate by workers' mistake in 2-shifting system was 8.5 spells per 100 workers, was 3.5 times higher than 3-shifting system (5.6 spells) and 5.3 times than nonshift system (1.6 spells). There was no fluctuation of safety accident incidence in nonshift system by time. But in 2- and 3-shifting system, spells of safety accident at the daytime were more higher than nighttime, vise versa spells of safety accident by workers' mistake. In nonshift system, a weekday of the most safety accident incidence was Thursday. But in 3-shifting system the most safety accident incidence was happened at weekend , vice versa in 2-shifting system. The proportion of admission by safety accidents was 44.6 % at 3-shifting system (33 spells) that was more higher than 2-shifting system (33.2 %) and nonshift system (22.4 %). Author concluded that safety accident incidences at shifting system were more higher than nonshift system and also more serious injuries were occurred. So the various comprehensive methods for the safety system, were needed to decrease the safety accident incidence and to increase worker's well-being.
Incidence

It is necessary to have accurate statistical data of disease for planning and evaluating public health policy as well as assessing population health index. The national health insurance data is the only data to assess incidence of diseases nation-wide. However, inaccuracy of the data pose serious limitations of use of the data. The Medical Record Departments of individual health facilities have used discharge summary information for hospital management and clinical research, but a nation-wide integrated database of diseases has not been setup and utilized. We applied previously developed Korean Uniform Hospital Discharge Data Sets to collect discha rge summary data from health care facilities and establish integrated database. We also made the question and answer column about disease of the database in the internet. We collected patient discharge data from a tertiary-care hospital for one year using the electronic discharge summary data collection system, except for health care costs. The internet querying system provided optional selection of columns or rows, individual and/or disease groups and surgical procedures. To make query easy, the system provided various functions like querying codes of diseases and/or surgical operations, reviewing questions, downloading results via excel files, help functions of query. The establishment of disease database and the interactive system through internet is in its inception, further studies may be necessary to make it a user friendly and accurate system. There is a need of an accurate assessment of current population-based health status and future trends in Korea. It is hoped that this study may trigger to establish national accurate database for enhancing studies of health policy making, clinical research and vital health statistics by expanding data collections to the se condary- care and primary- care institutions.
Incidence

History, incidence and associated anormalies of the anorectal malformations were reviewed.
Incidence

Though basal cell carcinoma is the most frequent and increasing malignant tumor of the skin in Korea, its pathological analysis has been done only on the small numbers. So, we did a comprehensive pathologic study on the 283 patients with basal cell carcinoma diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Seoul National(233cases) and Chung-Ang(50cases) University Hospital during 1975-1992. The age distribution was ranged from 15 to 84 years with highest incidence rate in the age group of 5th-8th decades and 83.7% of all patients were over 40 years of age. Sex difference was not noted. The most common site was face occuring in 235 out of 283cases(83.0%) especially in the eyelid(25.5%), nose(17.9%) and cheek(16.6%). The most frequent histopathologic type was solid type(54.0%) followed by mixed(23.9%), adenoid(7.5%), and metatypical(4.7%). Among 51 mixed type, all showed solid components with adenoid(51.0%) followed by morphea(25.5%) and metatypical type(13.7%). And among 14 recurrent cases, solid type is found in 50% of cases. The characteristic clinicopathological findings are solid arrangement of tumor cells with various histological pattern and predominant occurence on the face.
Incidence

Spindle cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract mucosa was usually presented as polypoid mass and shows squamous cell carcinoma or dysplasia in the surface and underlying spindle cell proliferation. The spindle cell area discloses a variable pattern of sarcoma including rare osteosarcoma of 0~20% incidence. The histogenetic origin of the spindle cell component is now considered a metaplasia of squamous cell carcinoma. We experienced a case of spindle cell carcinoma of larynx showing massive underlying bone formation with proliferation of osteoclast-like cells in 75 year-old man. The immunohistochemical study demonstrates positive reaction with cytokeratin in area of squamous cells and with vimentin in area of spindle cells and osteoclasts. There are very focal reactivity for high molecular weight cytokeratin in spindle cell area.
Incidence