No abstract available.
Incheon* ; Trichloroethylene*

To investigate perception and attitude toward Group Health Management and Services System for Small and Medium Industries, a survey using self-administered questionnaire was conducted to a part of industries in Inchon, at October 1992. Major dependent variables were perception, attitude, and practice related with Group Health Management and Service System; these variables were measured by 3-point Likert like scale consisted of 7, 5, and 5 items, respectively. Data were collected in 149 industries, 72.7% out of 205. Perception was slightly high, 1.25; attitude was some positive, 1.46; and practice was some passive, 0.94. Major determinants of perception, attitude, and practice were sex and age of industry's health manager; perception influenced upon attitude, and perception and attitude had positive effect upon practice. To activate Group Health Management and Service System, it is necessary to develop education and promotion programs for industry's health managers of small and medium industries.
Education ; Incheon* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to improve the integrative course for internship by evaluating and analyzing the questionnaire results. METHODS: After the 10 times of integrative course implemented in 2002, the questionnaires were asked to the 43 interns working in university hospital (27 interns replied) located in Inchon. The item of the questionnaires were relevance of the integrative course, pertinence of the subject matters, usefulness of the integrative course, subjects to be added to the integrative course, subjects that must included in the next integrative course, subject most helpful, subjects least helpful, and suggestions to the integrative course. RESULTS: The ratio of the positive answer to the numbers of the lecture times, relevance of the subject matters and usefulness of the integrative course were high. The subject most helpful and must included in the next integrative course was "Usage of antibiotics" from Department of Infection. The subjects least helpful were "Basic urologic procedure" and "Professionalism of the young physicians". This results suggests that whether the course or subject matter is related to the real clinical setting or not is important. Almost all interns want not being interrupted during the lecture time. CONCLUSION: Because almost all interns are tended to evaluate positively, the integrative course for the internship seems to be successful. The course should be organized to help the clinical experience of interns.
Incheon ; Internship and Residency* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This cross-sectional survey research was undertaken to identify the factors influencing time from onset to hospital arrival of stroke patients and to provide basic information for the development of intervention programs for stroke patients. METHODS: The data were collected using a convenient sampling method from three hospitals in Inchon. The subjects were 78 patients who were diagnosed as stroke by doctor and they voluntarily participated in the study. RESULTS: On the average, subjects arrived at the hospitals by 16.72 hours after the onset of stroke events with the range from 0.17 hours to 72 hours. Thirty-four(43.6%) subjects arrived within 3 hours which can maximize treatment effects. There was significant difference in hospital presentation time according to the level of knowledge(chi-square=18.629, p=.0003). A negative correlation was found between the hospital presentation time and self-efficacy (r= -.320, p=.004). Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor was self-efficacy. Self-efficacy, the level of knowledge and physical symptoms were significant factors and accounted for 21.7% of the variance of hospital presentation time in stroke patients. CONCLUSION: According to the results, self-efficacy is a useful concept for reducing the hospital presentation time from onset of attack in stroke patients. Therefore, nurses should consider educational programs which include not only a knowledge of stroke and recurrence prevention but also the concept of self-efficacy.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Incheon ; Recurrence ; Stroke*

BACKGROUND: FACES III is a useful instrument for the evaluation of family function. It was translated with evaluation of it's validity and reliability and used in many researches in Korea. But following studies for validity and realiability of FACES III didn't show consistent results. And for the evaluation of family function of middle school students, FACES III can be a useful tool. But it is important to reinvestigate the validity and reliability of FACES III to apply this instrument to them. METHODS: In 1997, self-report instrument FACES III questionnaires were distributed to all members of one boys' middle school students in Inchon. The 1150 questionnaires except incomplete questionnaires from 1249 students were analyzed. RESULTS: The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for internal consistency reliability were 0.71 for adaptability and 0.80 for cohesion. The Pearson's correlation coefficient between cohesion and adaptability for construct validity was 0.59. Correlations between total scores and each item scores were moderate to strong, correlations between items in subcategory were weak. In factor analysis, there were many items that were not compatible with factors according to concept of FACES III. CONCLUSION: The validity and reliability of FACES III can not be guaranteed when applied to the evaluaton of middle school students' family function.
Humans ; Incheon ; Korea ; Reproducibility of Results* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The prevalence of respiratory symptoms and impairments of ventilatory capacity were studied in a group of 74 taxi drivers in Inchon area. As a reference group, 94 office workers of same area, matched with cigarette smoking, were also included in this study. Taxi drivers complained of respiratory symptoms much more than reference group. Those were cough, sputum production, chest tightness and shortness of breath. The ventilatory capacities, FVC (forced vital capacity), FEV(1.0) (forced expiratory volume 1 second), MMF (maximal mid flow) and PFR (peak flow rate), were measured. All measured values of ventilatory capacities of taxi driver were significantly decreased than those of reference group. The rate (56.8%) of ventilatory capacity impairment in taxi drivers was significantly larger than those (14.9%) of reference group, and the most of them were restrictive type impairments. Also, Job variable, prefessional driver or not, was selected as important determinant for ventilatory capacity impairment.
Cough ; Dyspnea ; Incheon ; Prevalence ; Smoking ; Sputum ; Thorax

The purpose of this study was to investigate the college and university student's perception on the brand awareness of contract foodservice management company in Incheon area. The developed questionnaires were distributed to the college and university students in Incheon area from September 20 to September 24 in 2004. Total 198 questionnaires were used for the final data analysis with response rate of 82.5%. The results showed that 85 % of the students has known that the foodservice operation was managed by contracted management company, only 56.5% of them have known the exact name of contract foodservice management company managing their cafeteria. It was recommended therefore that contract foodservice management company need more efforts for widening public activities for their company's name.
Humans ; Incheon* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: This study was to examine the rate of recovery from the consciousness impairment from two sessions of comprehensive consciousness stimulation program. Which was developed for this study, was higher than the one which was obtained naturally with only conventional care. METHOD: The subjects were selected among the patients who were admitted in the Intensive Care Unit or in the Sub-Intensive Care Unit in one of the university hospital, located in Inchon. For the treatment of the deterioration of his/her consciousness level resulting from neurological causes. RESULTS: The effect of the first intervention on consciousness state began to appear two weeks the intervention initiation and to disappear two weeks after the end of the intervention. The significant effect of the second session of the consciousness stimulation program also began to appear two weeks the second intervention initiation and persisted until 4 months after intervention was terminated. CONCLUSION: It appeared that the first intervention effect had gradual onset and gradual decay, while the second intervention effect had gradual onset and permanent duration.
Consciousness* ; Humans ; Incheon ; Intensive Care Units

PURPOSE: Purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate cognitive function, physical function, and problematic behaviors of elders who attended dementia daycare centers, and to identify reasons why they stopped using the center. METHODS: Participants were 176 elders, 60 years or over, attending one of four dementia daycare centers in Incheon. Data were collected from center documents. RESULTS: Mean age was 80.5 years. When admitted to the centers mean scores for the mini-mental status examination, activity of daily living, and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) were 12.31, 9.53, and 25.09 respectively. Participants received day care service for an average of 17.98 months. The reasons for leaving the center were worsening dementia and health (40.2%), and problematic behaviors (20.1%). CONCLUSION: Results show that elders began to use day care services when their cognitive function and IADL had declined considerably. As the ultimate goal of dementia daycare service is to delay the worsening of cognitive capability and decreases in activities daily living, the effect of the service can be maximized when the service is provided as early as possible in the course of progressively severe dementia. Active promotion should be exerted in the community to encourage early use of this service.
Day Care, Medical ; Dementia* ; Incheon ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: This study was to identify the effect of the experience of diabetes education on knowledge, self-care behavior and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C). Further, this study was held to examine about patient's preferred methods of education and re-education frequency. METHODS: 166 type 2 diabetes patients from two hospitals in Incheon participated in this study. Data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: 72.3% patients needed re-education and the average interval of re-education was 8.53 months. Patients preferred education methods were lectures, practical training, and studying from pamphlet. Depending on the frequency of diabetes education, there were significant differences in the level of diabetes knowledge (F=10.88, p<.001) and self-care behaviors (F=4.59, p=.012), but there was not significant difference with HbA1C (F=1.53, p=.220). As to how much the diabetes education helped managing diabetes, there was a significant difference in the level of self-care behaviors (t=2.01, p=.049), but there were not significant differences in level of knowledge (t=1.10, p=.275) and HbA1C (t=-.33, p=.746). The experience of diabetes education was a significant factor which influenced patient's knowledge (t=3.93, p<.001) and self-care behaviors (t=2.21, p<.001). But HbA1C was not influenced by the experience of diabetes education (t=-1.68, p=.096). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to provide diabetes education with appropriate interval and methods and subjects that reflect the needs of patient through the study results.
Education* ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated* ; Humans ; Incheon ; Lectures ; Pamphlets ; Self Care*