This study attempts to assess the effect of the 1st class health insurance program to the income redistribution among the participants in a unit health insurance cooperative. One health insurance cooperative, located in Seoul, with 1558 members and 768 households was selected for this purpose. The relationships between amount of premium payed and benefits from the cooperative were compared. Necessary data were obtained from the bills submitted to the health insurance cooperative by the contracted medical institutions from 1st January 1977 to 30th June 1979. Households and individuals were the unit of the assessment. The indicators measuring income redistribution effect were the ratios between the benefit and expected benefit and the ratios between the mean benefit. The major finds were : 1. The ratios between the benefits and the expected benefits were lower than 1 in the high income group and greater than 1 in the middle and lower income group. This fact imply that the income redistribution effect was shown in the studied group. It was shown that the middle income group received the greatest benefit, and then the lower income group. 2. The ratios between the benefit and the mean benefit of the households in the higher standard income grade, were found to be higher. This means that the equity of the benefits of households were not achieved by the policy of the health insurance plan. 3. The health insurance utilization rates of the higher standard income group, measured by the household unit, were higher, and by the individual unit, the same rates of the middle income group were higher than other groups.
Family Characteristics ; Insurance, Health* ; Seoul

1. Audiometiric examination for 14 cases of retinal pigmentary degeneration revealed a case of conductive deafness, and 4 cases of perceptive hearing disturbances. 2. There were no complaints of subjective hearing disturbances among the cases of perceptive hearing impairments. 3. All the cases of perceptive hearing loss were thought to be due to cochlear lesion according to tone decay tests. 4. There were no cases accompanied by systemic or neuropsychiatric disorders among the 14 cases of retinal pegmentary degeneration. 5. It has been emphasized that pigmentery degeneration of the retina is frequently associated with perceptive hearing disturbances. Genetical and etiological discussions were tried for this association.
Deafness ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing* ; Retina* ; Retinaldehyde

No abstract available.
Anesthesia* ; Liver Transplantation*

A case of stasis dermatitis with hepatomegaly is reported. The patient is 50 year old male. About 3 years ago a dark-brownish macule on the left shin was appeared with the severe itching sensation and spread to the margin with edema, ulceration, and appeared the varricous veins on the margin, Biopsy on the ulceration revealed the hemociderin deposition and fibrosis in the dermis. The physical examination revealed that the liver was enlarged 3cm, below the right costal margin and liver biopsy showed early cirrhotic change, but without impairment of liver function. He was treated with massage, elastic bandage for 2 weeks with good response.
Biopsy ; Compression Bandages ; Dermatitis* ; Dermis ; Edema ; Fibrosis ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Liver ; Male ; Massage ; Middle Aged ; Physical Examination ; Pruritus ; Sensation ; Ulcer ; Veins

No abstract available.
Bile* ; Biliary Tract Diseases* ; Biliary Tract*

The author operated 34 cases of pterygia by Newton's method, wihich combined Mc Raynold's transplantation with limbal incision, in these 34 case, 4 cases were recurred, and in other 2 cases, a few vessels only found on the operated area of the cornea. Among these 6 cases, one had trachoma, 3 had chronic cat conjunctivitis. Auther thinks that the chronic inflammation such as trachoma or chronic conjunctivitis is very important factor in the recurrence of pterygia. This fact also encourages the author who believes that the inflammation is rather more important factor in the etiology of the pterygia than the degensration.
Animals ; Cats ; Conjunctivitis ; Cornea ; Inflammation ; Pterygium* ; Recurrence ; Trachoma

We are Presenting of two cases of Marfans syndrome. First acse; 22 year old boy, height 262 cm, weight 40.9 kg, typical skeleton, hands and feet. The span of the outstreched arm, from right finger to the other, is 165 cm, exceeds by 3 cm than the height. Abnormal flexibility of Joints in the both thums. Vision; O.D. 0.1 with-sph.7.0 D., O.S. 0.0 with-sph.6.0 D. Lens; typically dislocated, upward and inwad and inward iridodonesis is marked. The slit lamp examination of the zonular fiber is very attractive, In the left eye, dislocation is more severe than the other, and the zonular fiber are more elongated. The fibers are seen very clearly, Just like fine whitish silk contrast to its black background. At the 5 o'clock Position pupil margin in th left eye, one of them was revered and distorted. No significant fundus signs were seen. His parents and four brothers all have Normal visions and skeletons Normal cardiovascular system, even x-raypicture, balium in in esophagus, and normal E.C.G. picture. The second sase; 5 year old girl, Height 120 cm, weight 20.6 kg, typical skeletor, hands and feet. Vision both 0.2, 0.2 and 0.3 with -sph.9.0 D. Left eye; typical dislocated lens, upward and outward. iridodonesis is also found, no significant fundus picture. Normal cardiovascular system, even x-ray picture, balium in esophagus, and normal E.C.G. picture. Father; normal vision and skeleton. mother; typical skeleton, hands and feet, but normal vision, said her grandmother also had delicate bony structure and very poor vision, died known causes. The literature is briefly reviewed and the Post- operative complication esp. detachment of retina, emphasized.
Arm ; Cardiovascular System ; Child, Preschool ; Dislocations ; Esophagus ; Fathers ; Female ; Fingers ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Marfan Syndrome* ; Mothers ; Parents ; Pliability ; Pupil ; Retina ; Siblings ; Silk ; Skeleton ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic*

No abstract available.
Hernia, Inguinal*