No abstract available.
Erectile Dysfunction* ; Humans ; Male

No abstract available.
Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Herpes Genitalis/diagnosis* ; Human ; Infant, Newborn ; Keratitis, Dendritic/diagnosis* ; Male ; Middle Age ; Risk ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

It was aimed to investigate the effect of 5-HT2C receptor modulation on the rat behavioral responses induced by 1-(m-chlorophenyl) piperazine(mCPP), a major metabolite of trazodone. The animal activities(ambulation, stereotypy and total activity) were measured for 3 hours following mCPP administration, using an animal activity meter which accumulates the frequency of light beam interruption. mCPP(1-10 mg / kg, i.p.) induced dose-dependent decreases in ambulation and stereotypy, consequently leading to hypoactivity. The hypoactivity induced by mCPP(1mg / kg, i.p.) was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with mianserin(1mg / kg, i.p.), an antagonist with high affinity for 5-HT2C receptor, whereas pretreatment with 5-HT2 antagonists, ketanserin and ritanserin(1mg / kg, i.p., respectively) was without effect. Furthermore, long-term pretreatment with imipramine(10mg / kg, i.p., b.i.d. for 2 weeks) markedly attenuated the mCPP-induced hypoactivity. Mianserin and imipramine in the absence of mCPP did not increase the animal activity. Taken together, these results indicate that the mCPP-induced hypoactivity is mediated by 5-HT2C receptor, and that selective 5-HT2C antagonists and down regulation of 5-HT2C receptor might be useful for inhibiting the mCPP-induced hypoactivity.
Animals ; Down-Regulation ; Imipramine ; Ketanserin ; Mianserin ; Rats ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C* ; Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists ; Trazodone ; Walking

Hypertensive encephalopathy is an acute clinical syndrome that shows central nerve dysfunction with sudden and marked elevation in blood pressure. But its pathophysiologic mechanisms, clinical courses and prognosis are still not clear. In order to study clinical manifestations and response to treatment in patients with hypertensive encephalopathy, we reviewed 45 patients with hypertensive encephalopathy who were admitted in Dept. of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, from January 1975 to December 1984. The following results were obtained: 1) The ratio of male to female was 1.1:1. The peak age of incidence was in the 6th and 7th decade with mean age of 57.5 years. 2) Among 45 patients, only 29 had known history of hypertension and the average duration of hypertension was 8.1+/-3.6 years. 3) The most common sympotm was severe headache (68.9%). And altered consciousness, nausea and/or vomiting, focal neurologic signs and visual disturbance were also common symptoms in decreasing order of frequency. 4) Funduscopic examination showed hypertensive retinopathy in 20 of 24 (91.7%) patients and lumbar puncture revealed increased CSF pressure in 12 of 20 (60%) patients. 5) In most patients, the mean interval to symptomatic improvement was 2.1 days after administration of anti hypertensive agents, but in 6 patients with initial mean arterial blood pressure above 170mmHg, 4 patients showed delayed response and 2 patients were expired.
Antihypertensive Agents ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Consciousness ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy* ; Hypertensive Retinopathy ; Incidence ; Internal Medicine ; Male ; Nausea ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Prognosis ; Spinal Puncture ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: Escalator-related injuries have been considered uncommon and most likely to occur to children. We set out to describe the epidemiology of these injuries with focus on the aging population in order to determine whether or not escalators are safe for the aged, and in order to obtain information to help in preventing escalator-related injuries. METHODS: A prospective survey was undertaken to identify the number and nature of these injuries from May 2004 to June 2006. We enrolled patients who had sustained escalated- related injuries and a standard list of questions and answers were recorded by the emergency physician. A total of 54 Such questionnaires were completed during the study period. Data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0K. RESULTS: The average patient age 63.40+/-20.92 years (range 3-94). There were 18 (33.3%) males. Only 4 (7.4%) were younger than their sixteen year, but 36 (66.7%) were over age 65 and 17 of those were injured from standing on escalators. However of 18 patients younger than age 65, 13 were injured from walking on moving escalators. CONCLUSION: Escalator-related injuries are not as uncommon as previously believed and the aged population over 65 years old is the highest risk group. Additionally, walking on moving escalator was a cause of injuries. Therefore, two orimary prevention strategies are needed. Provision of alternatives to escalators for people over 65 and keeping passengers from walking on escalators.
Aged ; Aging ; Child ; Elevators and Escalators ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Walking

I n some patients, eosinophilic gastroenteritis(EG) occurs in those with food allergy. We experienced a non-atopic asthmatic who had an EG associated with food allergy to fish and eggs, and blood eosinophilia. A skin prick test and RAST to causative food allergens showed a negative result. A fiber-optic endoscopic biopsy from the gastric mucosa showed an intense eosinophilic infiltration. We could find symptomatic improvement and a disappearance of eosinophilic infiltration in gastric mucosa after complete avoidance from the causative food and oral cortcosteroid. It was suggested that fiber-optic endoscopic biopsy might be needed to identify coexisting EG if an allergic patient with blood eosinophilia complains of severe gastrointestinal symptoms.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use ; Asthma/*complications/drug therapy ; Case Report ; Endoscopy ; Eosinophilia/*complications ; Food Hypersensitivity/*complications ; Gastric Mucosa/pathology ; Gastroenteritis/*complications/diagnosis/pathology ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age

Hemolytic property is a specific feature of bacteria to obtain iron which is essential for its survival in host tissues. Therefore, it is thought to be one of several factors of virulence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hemolytic properties of Prevotella nigrescens isolated from the teeth diagnosed as pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis under the presence of hemolysin inhibitors such as NaN3 and dithiothreitol, heat, various pH and cultural conditions. The results were as follows; 1. Clinically isolated P. nigrescens strains and standard P. nigrscens ATCC 33563 showed hemolytic activity. 2. P. nigrescens showed higher hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes than sheep or horse erythrocytes. 3. NaN3 and dithiothreitol (DTT) reduced the hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). 4. Optimal pH for the maximum hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens was 4.0 and the hemolysin was stable under the 50degrees C, but the hemolytic activity was significantly decreased at 95degrees C. 5. P. nigrescens cultured in 10% CO2 condition showed higher hemolytic activity than the bacteria cultured in the anaerobic condition.
Bacteria ; Dental Pulp Necrosis ; Dithiothreitol ; Erythrocytes ; Horses ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Iron ; Periapical Periodontitis ; Prevotella nigrescens* ; Prevotella* ; Sheep ; Sodium Azide ; Tooth ; Virulence

The pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) developes occasionally in trauma, surgery and pregnancy. It presents dyspnea, tachycardia, syncope, hypotension and may be fatal by right heart failure. Severe intraoperative PTE is rare. But an intraoperative PTE occurs, it is difficult to diagnose with classic diagnostic measures such as ventilation-perfusion scan, pulmonary angiography, so appropriate management may be delayed. We experienced a case of severe PTE during Ceaserian section of placenta previa totalis. The patient survived and showed complete resolution after 1-year follw-up.
Angiography ; Dyspnea ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Placenta Previa* ; Placenta* ; Pregnancy ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Syncope ; Tachycardia

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of the 3-dimensional (3D) superimposition method of digital models in patients who received treatment with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and maxillary protraction headgear. METHODS: The material consisted of pre- and post-treatment maxillary dental casts and lateral cephalograms of 30 patients, who underwent RME and maxillary protraction headgear treatment. Digital models were superimposed using the palate as a reference area. The movement of the maxillary central incisor and the first molar was measured on superimposed cephalograms and 3D digital models. To determine whether any difference existed between the 2 measuring techniques, intra-class correlation (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots were analyzed. RESULTS: The measurements on the 3D digital models and cephalograms showed a very high correlation in the antero-posterior direction (ICC, 0.956 for central incisor and 0.941 for first molar) and a moderate correlation in the vertical direction (ICC, 0.748 for central incisor and 0.717 for first molar). CONCLUSIONS: The 3D model superimposition method using the palate as a reference area is as clinically reliable for assessing antero-posterior tooth movement as cephalometric superimposition, even in cases treated with orthopedic appliances, such as RME and maxillary protraction headgear.
Humans ; Incisor ; Molar ; Orthopedics ; Palatal Expansion Technique ; Palate ; Tooth Movement

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of Korean version of Addiction Severity Index for the systematic diagnosis and evaluation of alcoholism. METHODS: The authors selected 65 alcoholic patients with the criteria of DSM-VI. RESULTS: The results were as follows: 1) The exception of the significant correlation between psychiatric and the family/social problem area, the 6 sections of ASI were mutually independent. 2) There was significant inter-rater reliability in all sections of ASI. 3) In medical, alcohol use, family/social and psychiatry section, the calculation of composite score showed reasonable level of item consistency. In all sections, there was significant correlation between composite scores and severity ratings of corresponding section. 4) The important items of each section were most highly correlated with their corresponding severity ratings except two sections. 5) In the multiple regression analysis, the amount of variance accounted far by the most important 4 items were 83% in medical section, 45% in employment/support,43% in alcohol use section, 55% in legal section,53% in family/social section and 84% in psychiatric section. 6) Severity rating of psychiatric section was significantly correlated with the scores of MMFI, MAST and SCL-90-R. CONCLUSION: The result suggests that Korean version of the ASI showed relatively reasonable reliability and validity and it can be used in treatment and study of alcoholic patients.
Alcoholics* ; Alcoholism ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results*