We present a case of lumbosacral fracture-dislocation, which was spontaneously reduced during radiological examination. Such rapid reduction is, however, not reliable for long-term stability. We would like to report this case briefly because spontaneous reduction of lumbosacral fracture-dislocation has not been reported previously.
Adult ; Dislocations/*physiopathology/surgery ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae/*injuries ; Male ; Sacrum/*injuries ; Spinal Fractures/*physiopathology/surgery

No abstract available.
Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Fistula*

No abstract available.
Brain Injuries* ; Child* ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans

No abstract available.
Edema* ; Hydrops Fetalis*

We present a study on the systemic insults in the early death(within one week) after head injury. The patient population consisted of 192 patients who were admitted to the Soonchunhyang University Chonan Hospital from August 1986 to May 1990 after head injury. We collected clinical features and systemic insults including blood pressure, arterial pH, PaO2, PaCO2, hematocrit, and serum concentration of Na, retrospectively. The most common cause of injury was road traffic accident(77.6%). More than half(57.8%) were under the age of 40 years. The interval from injury to admission was within one hour in 63.2%, and within four hours in 91.4%. The mean interval was 1.8 hours. However, in 154(80.2%) patients, we found the evidence of systemic insults on admission. We found hypotension(ststolic less than 90mmHg) in 22.9%, acidemia(pH<7.35) in 71.3%, arterial hypoxemia(PaO2<60mmHg) in 42.7%, hypercarbia(PaCO2>45mmHg) in 28.7%, anemia(hematocrit<30%) in 13.0%, hyponatremia(Na<135mEq/L) in 10.7%, and hypernatremia(Na>145mEq/L) in 11.2%. These results imply that the prehospital emergency care system useful at the scene of accident and during the transportation is more important than the simple quick-transport-system.
Arterial Pressure ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Emergency Medical Services ; Head* ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Retrospective Studies ; Transportation

Cholera is an acute secretory form of diarrhea caused by a potent enterotoxin (cholera toxin) after ingestion of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae of the O1 or O139 serogroups. Although cholera is very common in Africa and Asia as a whole, the incidence of cholera has been very low in recent years in Korea. Dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to massive watery diarrhea can lead to death, and the mortality rates in untreated patients with severe cholera can exceed 70%. Effective rehydration therapy is the cornerstone of the management of patients with cholera and can reduce the mortality rate to less than 0.2%. Antibiotics reduce the volume and duration of diarrhea, but are recommended for patients with severe disease because of the rapid emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant V. cholerae across the globe. Two oral cholera vaccines are available, and the World Health Organization recommends that these oral vaccines be considered in integrated prevention programs in endemic countries at risk for outbreaks.
Africa ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Asia ; Cholera Toxin ; Cholera Vaccines ; Cholera* ; Dehydration ; Diarrhea ; Disease Outbreaks ; Eating ; Enterotoxins ; Epidemiology* ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mortality ; Serogroup ; Vaccines ; Vibrio cholerae ; World Health Organization

A retrospective study of 90 cases of small-sized (less than 3 mm on the printed CT film) acute (within 24 hours) subdural hematoma (SASDH) is presented. From March 1985 to December 1986, the SASDH were immediately operated on (operation rate: 86.0%). From January 1988 to December 1989, we attempted to treat them conservatively (operation rate: 49.1%). The patient population for this study consisted of 38 surgically-treated patients in the first period (Group I), 26 surgically-treated patients in the second period (Group IIs), and 26 conservatively-treated patients in the second period (Group IIc). We compared the clinical features, radiologic findings, and outcome of these 3 groups. The clinical features of Group I, including age, sex, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score on admission, pupillary status on arrival, and interval from injury to the CT, did not differ significantly from those of Group II (P greater than 0.01). The only difference was the timing of the operation. In Group I, 20 patients (52.6%) received an operation within 4 hours, while in Group IIs, only 7 patients (26.9%) underwent surgery within 4 hours (P less than 0.05). The radiologic findings of Group I, including the thickness and volume of the hematoma, the degree of midline shift, and the frequency of skull fracture, also did not differ from those of Group II (P greater than 0.1). However, the outcome of Group II strikingly differed from that of Group I. The mortality rate was 76.3% in Group I, while it was 44.2% in Group II (P less than 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Acute Disease ; Adult ; Female ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Hematoma, Subdural/mortality/pathology/radiography/*therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

No abstract available.

Massive ovarian deema is a tate conditian. It is a benign enlargement of the ovary caused by accumulation of fluid, which is thought to result from intermittent partial toraion of the ovarian pedicle. Histologically, the ovaries were characterized by diffuse edema of medulla and inner cortex. Two cases of massive ovanan edema are reported with brief review of the literatures.
Edema* ; Female ; Ovary

The congenital cataracts are lens opacity which are present at birth or within 3 months after birth. The pathogenesis of congenital cataract is no less varied and complex than that of adult-onset or senile lens opacification, but most of etiology is unknown. Inheritance can play a major role in their etiology and the most mode of inheritance is autosomal dominant. However, the possibility of preventing the disease in future generation through genetic counseling give the ophthalmologist responsibility in the recognition and classification of congenital lens opacities. We experienced hereditary congenital cataract, and so we reported these patients with review of literatures.
Cataract* ; Classification ; Genetic Counseling ; Humans ; Parturition ; Social Responsibility ; Wills