No abstract available.
Animals ; Male ; Penile Erection* ; Rats* ; Saponins*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

The Aase-Smith syndrome is characterized by Dandy-walker malformation, hand abnormalities, joint contractures of the hands, and cleft palate. It is known to be inherited as autosomal dominant trait and to have variable patterns of expression. We experienced a case of a 3 day old male neonate who had cleft palate, joint contractures, long fingers, and Dandy-Walker malformation with a agenesis of cerebellar vermis, partial agenesis of corpus callosum, cerebellar atrophy, lissencephaly, and microcephaly. We reported a case with a brief review of literatures.
Agenesis of Corpus Callosum ; Atrophy ; Cleft Palate ; Contracture ; Dandy-Walker Syndrome ; Fingers ; Hand ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Joints ; Lissencephaly ; Male ; Microcephaly

OBJECTIVE: To investigate an appropriate depth of needle insertion during trigger point injection into the rhomboid major muscle. METHODS: Sixty-two patients who visited our department with shoulder or upper back pain participated in this study. The distance between the skin and the rhomboid major muscle (SM) and the distance between the skin and rib (SB) were measured using ultrasonography. The subjects were divided into 3 groups according to BMI: BMI less than 23 kg/m2 (underweight or normal group); 23 kg/m2 or more to less than 25 kg/m2 (overweight group); and 25 kg/m2 or more (obese group). The mean+/-standard deviation (SD) of SM and SB of each group were calculated. A range between mean+1 SD of SM and the mean-1 SD of SB was defined as a safe margin. RESULTS: The underweight or normal group's SM, SB, and the safe margin were 1.2+/-0.2, 2.1+/-0.4, and 1.4 to 1.7 cm, respectively. The overweight group's SM and SB were 1.4+/-0.2 and 2.4+/-0.9 cm, respectively. The safe margin could not be calculated for this group. The obese group's SM, SB, and the safe margin were 1.8+/-0.3, 2.7+/-0.5, and 2.1 to 2.2 cm, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study will help us to set the standard depth of safe needle insertion into the rhomboid major muscle in an effective manner without causing any complications.
Back Pain ; Humans ; Muscles ; Needles* ; Overweight ; Pneumothorax ; Ribs ; Shoulder ; Skin ; Superficial Back Muscles* ; Thinness ; Trigger Points* ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: This study attempts to know functional results and gait analysis usefulness in patients with bone tumor around knee joint tumors who underwent prosthesis knee joint reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study was conducted with 7 patients out of 30 patients who underwent prosthesis knee joint reconstruction after wide marginal excision for bone tumor around knee in orthopedics of this hospital from 2001 to 2010. Functional assesment and gait analysis were perforemed. RESULTS: For the SF-36 score, while 'role physical' and 'role emotional' items showed 100% (100 points) high scores individually, general health, physical function, vitality, and social function showed low scores. The mean score of MSTS was 88.1% (23.8 points [17-27]), indicating a relatively high score. For the gait analysis, mean gait velocity was 97.2 m/s, mean cadence was 105.6 step/min, mean stride length was 111.3 m, mean step length was 61.5 cm, swing phase was 39.8%cycle, stance phase was 60.1%cycle, mean single limb support was 37.1%cycle, mean double limb support was 13.0%cycle, and mean push off was 60.7%cycle. CONCLUSION: It is expected that prosthesis reconstruction after wide marginal excision for bone tumor around knee has relatively good functional results. Gait analysis was considered one of method which showed gait phase and assessed functional ability objectively by quantitative assessment post operative patient condition. It might help treatment and post operative rehabilitation planning with the fuctional assessment.
Equidae ; Extremities ; Gait ; Humans ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Orthopedics ; Prostheses and Implants ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To evaluate the anatomical relation between anterior ethmoidal sinus and the lacrimal sac fossa, and thus help prevent complications during dacryocystorhinostomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty three people without previous history of trauma, surgery, or paranasal sinus disease were randomly selected, and the 106 lacrimal sac fossas of these subjects were evaluated by high resolution CT. A series of three 2-mm thick axial sections at least 2 mm from the inferior orbital wall were obtained. The bony landmarks of the lacrimal sac fossa were established and the location of the most anterior ethmoid sinus was classified as one of three types. In type 1, no sinuses were anterior to the posterior lacrimal crest. while in type 2, sinuses extended anterior to this crest but remained behind the suture at the anterior edge of the lacrimal bone. In type 3, sinuses extended into the frontal process of the maxilla, anterior to the lacrimal bone suture. In addition, the category of both orbits of the same patient was compared. RESULTS: Among the 106 orbits examined, only seven (6.6%) were classified as type 1, with no ethmoid air cells positioned under the lacrimal sac fossa. Seventy six (71.7%) qualified as type 2, while the remaining 23 (21.7%) were type 3, demonstrating anterior ethmoid air cells within the nasal process of the maxilla. The position of the air cells was symmetric in 41 of the 53 subjects (77.4%) and asymmetric in 12 (22.6%). CONCLUSION: In cases involving surgery of the lacrimal sac fossa, such as dacryocystorhinostomy, a knowledge of the consistent anatomic relationship between the anterior ethmoidal sinus and the lacrimal sac fossa is invaluable.
Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Orbit ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; Sutures

PURPOSE: To evaluate the anatomical relation between anterior ethmoidal sinus and the lacrimal sac fossa, and thus help prevent complications during dacryocystorhinostomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty three people without previous history of trauma, surgery, or paranasal sinus disease were randomly selected, and the 106 lacrimal sac fossas of these subjects were evaluated by high resolution CT. A series of three 2-mm thick axial sections at least 2 mm from the inferior orbital wall were obtained. The bony landmarks of the lacrimal sac fossa were established and the location of the most anterior ethmoid sinus was classified as one of three types. In type 1, no sinuses were anterior to the posterior lacrimal crest. while in type 2, sinuses extended anterior to this crest but remained behind the suture at the anterior edge of the lacrimal bone. In type 3, sinuses extended into the frontal process of the maxilla, anterior to the lacrimal bone suture. In addition, the category of both orbits of the same patient was compared. RESULTS: Among the 106 orbits examined, only seven (6.6%) were classified as type 1, with no ethmoid air cells positioned under the lacrimal sac fossa. Seventy six (71.7%) qualified as type 2, while the remaining 23 (21.7%) were type 3, demonstrating anterior ethmoid air cells within the nasal process of the maxilla. The position of the air cells was symmetric in 41 of the 53 subjects (77.4%) and asymmetric in 12 (22.6%). CONCLUSION: In cases involving surgery of the lacrimal sac fossa, such as dacryocystorhinostomy, a knowledge of the consistent anatomic relationship between the anterior ethmoidal sinus and the lacrimal sac fossa is invaluable.
Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Orbit ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; Sutures

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a common condition that produces pain in the orofacial area. However, the exact cause of TN is still unknown. Various etiologies such as tumor, multiple sclerosis and other compressive lesions have been implicated as possible causes. A 35-year-old woman was admitted due to right facial pain which was diagnosed as TN. A brain MRI revealed sphenoidal sinusitis with epidural empyema. We report a case of complicated sinusitis with epidural empyema presenting as TN.
Adult ; Brain ; Empyema* ; Facial Pain ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Sinusitis ; Sphenoid Sinusitis* ; Trigeminal Neuralgia*

PURPOSE: Recently, as the number of transobturator tape (TOT) procedures has increased, recurrence after this procedure has been frequently reported. However, there are no standard guidelines for treatment. We describe our experience with shortening the previously implanted tape in patients with recurrent stress urinary incontinence after the TOT procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 10 women who underwent shortening of the previously implanted tape and were followed up for 3 years. Shortening of the previously implanted tape was done by a figure-eight suture with 1-0 Prolene. One year after TOT shortening, we investigated continence status, patient satisfaction by means of a questionnaire, maximal flow rate (Qmax), and postvoid residual urine volume. Three years after TOT shortening, we evaluated continence status and patient satisfaction. RESULTS: The mean period of TOT shortening was 4.2 months (range, 1-12 months) after the TOT procedure. One year after TOT shortening, 7 patients showed complete dryness, 2 patients showed improvement, and 1 patient reported failure. Eight patients were very satisfied or satisfied with the 1-year result after TOT shortening. The mean preoperative and postoperative Qmax were 23.8 and 26.7ml/s, respectively, and there was no significant difference. Three years after TOT shortening, 6 patients showed complete dryness, 2 patients showed improvement, and 2 patients reported failure. Among them,1 had failed from 1 year after TOT shortening and the other had shown 1 year of complete dryness. Eight patients were very satisfied or satisfied and 2 patients were dissatisfied with the 3-year result after TOT shortening. CONCLUSION: Most of the patients who underwent TOT shortening reported satisfaction as well as improvement of incontinence after a 3-year follow up. Therefore, we suggest that TOT shortening may be recommended primarily in patients with recurrent stress urinary incontinence after the TOT sling procedure.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Patient Satisfaction ; Polypropylenes ; Recurrence ; Suburethral Slings ; Sutures ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress