Effects of oral estrogen (Tibolone) on the urinary symptoms and urodynamics parameters were assessed by a double-blind prospective trial in 24 postmenopausal women. Patients were assessed subjectively and objectively before and after treatment by symptom score change, urethral pressure profiles and uroflow. There was statistical difference in the subjective response (symptom score) to treatment between the two groups (p<0.001), there was no significant urodynamic changes (p> 0.05). Although there was no significant urodynamic changes, estrogen treatment in postmenopausal women was effective to improve urinary symptoms. Careful observation with periodic follow up will be needed because of possible harmful side effects of estrogen.
Estrogens* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Urodynamics*

Primary hyperparathyroidism is not a rare disease, but only several cases have been reported in Korean literature. Recently, we experienced one case of primary hyperparathyroidism with hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, ureteral stones, skeletal abnormalities. We describe a case of primary hyperparathyroidism which was confirmed through the measurement of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone, neck CT scan, subtraction scan and surgical exploration The serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels were normalized postoperatively.
Calcium ; Child* ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Hypercalciuria ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary* ; Neck ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Rare Diseases ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ureter ; Urolithiasis*

The term Down's syndrome is preferred to mongolism. The most constant characteristic of disease is mental retardation. The incidence of Down's syndrome is about 1/600 in the general population, being roughly the same in various parts of world and in all races. The patient's mother's age at the same time of conception as well as the nature of chromosomalmalformation are in genetic counseling. We reported a case of Down's syndrome in 5 year old female who was bone in 38 year old mother, and she was noted epicanthus, nystagmus, esotropia, Brush-field spots. Other systemic manifestation-, Simian crease, short extrimites, inward curved 5th finger, Sandal gap foot, congenital heart disease, prominent abdomen-, was also noted.
Adult ; Child, Preschool ; Continental Population Groups ; Down Syndrome* ; Esotropia ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fingers ; Foot ; Genetic Counseling ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intellectual Disability ; Mothers

The Authors recently experienced with a 11 years old female patient who had a cysticercus in her left inferior rectus muscle. Under the diagnosis of a conjunctival cyst, a surgical intervention was carried out. The microscopic studies revealed that as a cysticercus cellulosae. The post-operative outcomes are uneventful and the ocular functions are satisfactory, visual acuity and ocular motility as well.
Child ; Cysticercus* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Visual Acuity

Clinical Protocols ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genioplasty ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Osteotomy

Cleft Lip ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Intention ; Maxilla ; Mouth ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Orthopedics ; Palate ; Palate, Hard ; Palate, Soft ; Prosthodontics ; Rehabilitation

No abstract available.
Vascular System Injuries

PURPOSE: To assess the internal echo intensity and morphological variability of masseter muscles on ultrasonography and to establish diagnostic criterion of estimation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants consisted of 50 young adults (male 25, female 25) without pathologic conditions and with full natural dentitions. Sonographic examinations were done with real time ultrasound equipment as Logiq 500 (GE Medical Systems, Seoul, Korea) at 3 parts according to lines paralleling with ala-tragus line as reference line. The thickness and area of masseter muscles according to reference line in cross-sectional images were measured at rest and at maximum contraction. The visibility and width of the internal echogenic intensity of the masseter muscles were also assessed and the muscle appearance was classified into 4 types. Data were statistically analyzed by paired t-test and chi-square-test. RESULTS: 1. When comparing the thickness and area of masseter muscles concerning with gender, there was few significant difference between right and left sides, however, there were significant differences between males and females except for the greatest thickness of left side. 2. The changes of the greatest thickness and the area between rest and maximum contraction showed that the part of the least thickness manifested more increase at maximum contraction. 3. Each part the manifestations of the internal echogenic intensity of the masseter muscles were different depending on the locations. But there was no statistically significance. CONCLUSION: Changes of muscles thickness with contraction and internal echogenic intensity with locations showed great disparity within the masseter muscles, which will be diagnostic criteria for pathophysiologic and anatomic changes of masseter muscles.
Contracts ; Dentition ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Masseter Muscle ; Muscles ; Young Adult

We found enterobacteriaceae in throat culture of premature infants in our nursery who showed poor appetite, poor activity and irregular weight gain and was diagnosed as having respiratory distress syndrome and pneumonia from May 1980 to August 1980. At this time we also found enterobacteriaceae in throat cultures of three normal newborns whose each age was at 1 hr old, 20 hrs old and 8 days old. So we started epidemiologic study which consisted of microbial culture of nursery room, delivery room, operation room and personnel of nursery. We found proteus vulgaris from a cockroach which was found at our nursery accidentally, but this was not the same species which was found at premature baby. We found normal throat flora at the culture of throat of personnel of nursery room. In hand culture of 21 nursery room personnel, coagulase negative staphylococcus epidermidis was found which colony count was 1-17 in 16 personnel at 1st culture, 1-35 in 11 personnel at 2nd culture before hand washing with Physohex solution, and 1-25 in 13 personnel at 1st culture, 3-14 in 3 personnel at 2nd culture after hand washing with Physohex solution. we did not found the origin of enterobacteriaceae but suspect that the prevalence of enterobacteriaceae in our nursery room was by the hands of personnel in nursery room.
Appetite ; Coagulase ; Cockroaches ; Delivery Rooms ; Enterobacteriaceae Infections* ; Enterobacteriaceae* ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Hand ; Hand Disinfection ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Nurseries* ; Pharynx ; Pneumonia ; Prevalence ; Proteus vulgaris ; Staphylococcus epidermidis ; Weight Gain

Cerebral cysticercosis is unfortunately a frequent disease in Korea. Cysticercosis in the ventricular system is most frequently found in the fourth ventricle. However it is found rarely in the lateral and third ventricle. Recently, we have encountered accidently a lateral ventricular cysticercosis during a V-P Shunt operation on a 32 year old hydrocephalus patient. The diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of an encysted larvae on aspiration.
Adult ; Cysticercosis* ; Diagnosis ; Fourth Ventricle ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Korea ; Larva ; Lateral Ventricles* ; Third Ventricle