Phenolate type siderophore was produced in Pseudomonas sp. PY002 (P. sp. PY002) which cultured in M9 minimal medium supplemented with 0 to 500 uM of dipyridyl. Pyochelin, a kind of siderophore, was detected as a single broad absorption band (280 nm) at pH 12.0, which is a characteristic of phenolate type siderophore. The 280 nm absorption spectrum of pyochelin was changed to 310 nm at pH 1.5. The pyochelin produced was a structurally unique phenolate siderophore, designated 2-[2-(o-hydroxyphenyl)-2-thiazolin-4-yl]-3-methyl-4-thiazolidine car- boxylic acid on the analysis of infrared radiation and 'H and ""C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Additionally, purified pyochelin increased the cell growth rate, like as growth fac- tor. All these results suggest that phenolate type siderophore play an important role in cell growth of P. sp. PY002.
Absorption ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Phenol* ; Pseudomonas* ; Spectrum Analysis

BACKGROUND: ELISA test is commonly used for diagnosis of parasite infection. This experiment was performed for detecting positive sera against Clonorchis sinensis, Paragonimus westermani, cysticercus, sparganum, Aisakis larvae, Toxoplasma gondii and Trichomonas vaginalis in patient's sera with ELISA and Western blot analysis. METHODS: Two hundred sera were collected from clinical laboratory of Hanyang University Hospital(Seoul, Kuri). Antigens of parasites were prepared from rabbit (C. sinensis), dog (P. westermani), hog (cysticercus, from Yonsei University), patient (sparganum), mackerel (Anisakis larvae), mouse (T. gondii), cultivation in Trypticase-Yeast extract-Maltose medium (T. vaginalis). ELISA and Western blot was conducted with several parasite antigens and patient's sera. RESULTS: Positive antibody titers of P. westermani, Anisakis, C. sinensis were observed 12.7%, 11.0%, and 7.0% of patient's sera, respectively. Nineteen sera among 200 patients showed cross reactions with other parasites. On Western blot, there were several antigenic bands with patient's sera, i.e., 3/5 sera of C. sinensis, 2/2 sera of P. westermani, 1/4 sera of sparganum, and 0/4 sera of cysticercus. COCLUSIONS: ELISA is a convenient method for detecting parasite infections. But purification of antigens is necessary and Western blot analysis may reduce the false positive reactions of infection.
Animals ; Anisakis ; Blotting, Western ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Cross Reactions ; Cysticercus ; Diagnosis* ; Dogs ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; False Positive Reactions ; Humans ; Larva ; Mice ; Paragonimus westermani ; Parasites ; Perciformes ; Sparganum ; Toxoplasma ; Trichomonas vaginalis

We report a case of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in a 85-year-old male patient who had complained of poor oral intake, diarrhea, and upper abdominal pain for 6 months. At admission, he showed severe eosinophilia in peripheral blood. Rhabditiform larvae were detected in the stool examination on the 15th admission day and developed into filariform larvae with a notched tail after stool culture by the Harada-Mori method. The patient received albendazole therapy for 7 days but no improvement were observed and he fell into pulmonary edema and coma.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged, 80 and over ; Albendazole ; Coma ; Diarrhea ; Eosinophilia* ; Humans ; Larva ; Male ; Pulmonary Edema ; Strongyloides stercoralis* ; Strongyloides*

Objectives: This study developed a battery test that allows a comprehensive evaluation of depressive symptoms and related protective-vulnerable factors to screen for depression and mental health and examined the reliability and validity of the test. Methods: PROtective and Vulnerable factors battEry test (PROVE) consisting of five sub-sections was developed: depressive symptomatology (PROVE-DS), suicide risk (PROVE-SR), and three protective-vulnerable factors, which were adult attachment type (PROVE-ATT), adverse childhood experience (PROVE-ACE), and mentalization capacity (PROVE-MC). Two hundred and thirteen subjects completed the PROVE test and other comparative scales, and the analysis was carried out based on the data. Results: The PROVE test showed good convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity as well as adequate internal consistency. In addition, five sub-sections of the PROVE test showed significant relevance to each other. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that the PROVE test is a reliable and valid test, which will be useful for the prevention, evaluation, and treatment of depression in various clinical settings.

Objectives: This study developed a battery test that allows a comprehensive evaluation of depressive symptoms and related protective-vulnerable factors to screen for depression and mental health and examined the reliability and validity of the test. Methods: PROtective and Vulnerable factors battEry test (PROVE) consisting of five sub-sections was developed: depressive symptomatology (PROVE-DS), suicide risk (PROVE-SR), and three protective-vulnerable factors, which were adult attachment type (PROVE-ATT), adverse childhood experience (PROVE-ACE), and mentalization capacity (PROVE-MC). Two hundred and thirteen subjects completed the PROVE test and other comparative scales, and the analysis was carried out based on the data. Results: The PROVE test showed good convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity as well as adequate internal consistency. In addition, five sub-sections of the PROVE test showed significant relevance to each other. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that the PROVE test is a reliable and valid test, which will be useful for the prevention, evaluation, and treatment of depression in various clinical settings.

Mucormycosis, caused by Zygomycetes fungi of the order Mucorales, is a rare opportunistic infection which usually develops in immunosuppressed patients, especially in patients with diabetic acidosis. This infection, associated with the presence of broad, nonseparate hyphae in tissue, originates usually in the perinasal sinuses and nose, orbit, central nervous system, lung, skin, soft tissue, or gastrointestinal tract, but is occasionally disseminated from the primary location to other areas. Recently we experienced a case of Mucormycosis found in the breast of a 70-year old woman undergoing hemodialysis for diabetic nephropathy. The patients was very poor in her systemic condition. On physical examination, we found the subcutaneous mass in the left breast. Breast ultrasonography showed a mass with a relatively clear boundary in subcutaneous fatty layer and excisional biopsy confirmed infiltration of breast tissue by fungal hyphae. With improvement of patient's malnutrition via an aggressive hemodialysis, control of blood glucose and total parentral nutrition, the mass was slightly reduced in size and maintained without causing any notable symptom. Since Mucormycosis found in the breast tissue has not been reported in the literature yet, we report its case observed in a hemodialysis patient for diabetic nephropathy with the review of the literatures.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Blood Glucose ; Breast* ; Central Nervous System ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis ; Diabetic Nephropathies* ; Female ; Fungi ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Hyphae ; Lung ; Malnutrition ; Mucorales ; Mucormycosis* ; Nose ; Opportunistic Infections ; Orbit ; Physical Examination ; Renal Dialysis* ; Skin ; Ultrasonography, Mammary

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Because the mechanisms of the biological effects of statin and antiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor therapies differ, the vascular responses to these therapies were studied in hypercholesterolemic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Simvastatin, 20 mg, placebo or ramipril, 10 mg, were administered daily for 2 months, with a 2 month washout, to 32 hypercholesterolemic patients. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover in design study. RESULTS: Simvastatin alone, or in combination with ramipril, significantly changed the lipoproteins, and improved the percentage of the flow-mediated dilator response to hyperemia by 46+/-48% and by 59+/-66%, respectively, relative to the baseline measurements (both p<0.001). The plasma malondialdehyde levels were reduced, relative to baseline measurements, by 6+/-57% (p=0.045) and 13+/-47% (p=0.045 and p<0.001, respectively) and plasma levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 by 3+/-27% and by 9+/-16%, respectively (p=0.113 and p=0.001, respectively). The C-reactive protein were also reduced, relative to baseline measurements, by 17+/-75% and by 17+/-37%, respectively (p=0.003 and p=0.001, respectively). However, simvastatin combined with ramipril changed, to a greater extent, but was statistically insignificant, the percentage of the flow-mediated dilator response to hyperemia, and the plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels, than simvastatin alone. CONCLUSION: Compared with simvastatin alone, the addition of ramipril improved the endothelial function to greater extent, but was statistically insignificant, in hypercholes-terolemic patients.
C-Reactive Protein ; Chemokine CCL2 ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Hyperemia ; Inflammation* ; Lipoproteins ; Malondialdehyde ; Nitric Oxide* ; Plasma ; Ramipril* ; Simvastatin*

Cases with extranodal Hodgkin's disease located in sites outside those defined as lymphatic structure are quite rare. The exact incidence of this localized form of Hodgkin's disease is unknown, but it is estimated to be only 0.25% for overall incidence of Hodgkin's disease. Localized primary extranodal Hodgkin's disease seems to have an excellent prognosis in some cases including skin, tongue, lung, stomach, small bowel, and thyroid. We report a case of primary gastrointestinal Hodgkin's disease involved in the stomach and terminal ileum in 48-year-old man with 7 kg of weight loss for 3 months, fever with chills for 1 week, and intermittent epigastric pain for 1 year. The histologic type of this case was lymphocyte predominance, which was diagnosed by biopsy of the stomach and terminal ileum with immnophenotyping study. And the stage of this case was IIE. We tried combination chemotherapy with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastin, and dacabazine with excellent response. For its rarity, we report this case with review of literatures.
Biopsy ; Bleomycin ; Chills ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Fever ; Hodgkin Disease* ; Humans ; Ileum* ; Incidence ; Lung ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Skin ; Stomach* ; Thyroid Gland ; Tongue ; Weight Loss

With increase of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli in community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTI), other treatment option with a therapeutic efficacy and a low antibiotic selective pressure is necessary. In this study, we evaluated in vitro susceptibility of E. coli isolates from CA-UTI to fosfomycin (FM), nitrofurantoin (NI), temocillin (TMO) as well as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SMX), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and cefepime (FEP). The minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by E-test or agar dilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines, using 346 E. coli collected in 12 Korean hospitals from March 2010 to February 2011. FM, NI and TMO showed an excellent susceptibility profile; FM 100% (346/346), TMO 96.8% (335/346), and NI 99.4% (344/346). Conversely, resistance rates of CIP and SMX were 22% (76/346) and 29.2% (101/349), respectively. FEP still retained an activity of 98.5%. In Korea, NI and TMO in addition to FM are a good therapeutic option for uncomplicated CA-UTI, especially for lower UTI.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/*administration & dosage ; Cell Survival/*drug effects ; Cephalosporins/administration & dosage ; Ciprofloxacin/administration & dosage ; Community-Acquired Infections/drug therapy/*microbiology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects ; Escherichia coli/*drug effects ; Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy/*microbiology ; Fosfomycin/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Nitrofurantoin/administration & dosage ; Penicillins/administration & dosage ; Republic of Korea ; Sulfadoxine/administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome ; Trimethoprim/administration & dosage ; Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis/*microbiology

With increase of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli in community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTI), other treatment option with a therapeutic efficacy and a low antibiotic selective pressure is necessary. In this study, we evaluated in vitro susceptibility of E. coli isolates from CA-UTI to fosfomycin (FM), nitrofurantoin (NI), temocillin (TMO) as well as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SMX), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and cefepime (FEP). The minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by E-test or agar dilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines, using 346 E. coli collected in 12 Korean hospitals from March 2010 to February 2011. FM, NI and TMO showed an excellent susceptibility profile; FM 100% (346/346), TMO 96.8% (335/346), and NI 99.4% (344/346). Conversely, resistance rates of CIP and SMX were 22% (76/346) and 29.2% (101/349), respectively. FEP still retained an activity of 98.5%. In Korea, NI and TMO in addition to FM are a good therapeutic option for uncomplicated CA-UTI, especially for lower UTI.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/*administration & dosage ; Cell Survival/*drug effects ; Cephalosporins/administration & dosage ; Ciprofloxacin/administration & dosage ; Community-Acquired Infections/drug therapy/*microbiology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects ; Escherichia coli/*drug effects ; Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy/*microbiology ; Fosfomycin/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Nitrofurantoin/administration & dosage ; Penicillins/administration & dosage ; Republic of Korea ; Sulfadoxine/administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome ; Trimethoprim/administration & dosage ; Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis/*microbiology