No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Echocardiography*

No abstract available.
Osteitis Deformans*

PURPOSE: Parenteral nutrition is given to infants who tempararily cannot take oral feeding adequately. A lipid emulsion is added to the parenteral to supply essential fatty acids. In neonatal sepsis, elastase from azuropilic granules of the neutrophils is released and rapidly bound to alpha1-Proteinase Inhibitor(alpha1-PI). The lipid emulsion has been noted to markedly inhibit chemotaxis of neutrophils, so we to measured the levels of Elastase-alpha1-Proteinase Inhibitor(E-alpha1-PI) complex to evaluate the effect of intralipid infusions on the neutrophil in newborns with sepsis. METHODS: This study evaluated 8 patients with neonatal sepsis and 12 normal newborns. We measured E-alpha1-PI complex levels in the serum of these patients by ELISA methods. RESULTS: Before infusion with lipid solution, patients with neonatal sepsis had significantly increased levels of E-alpha1-PI complex in comparison with those of vaginally delivered normal newborns. E-alpha1-PI complex levels were significantly decreased after lipid infusions of 0.5g/kg per day, but there was no further significant decrease with higher doses of the infusate. CONCLUSION: We observed the suppression neutrophil elastase levels by lipid infusions in newborn with sepsis. These results suggest that there were no appropriate chemotatic effects of neutrophil in newborn with sepsis. Therefore, we considered whether the lipid infusion was stopped if the newborn with sepsis was infused parenteral nutrition with intralipid.
Chemotaxis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fatty Acids, Essential ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Leukocyte Elastase ; Neutrophils ; Pancreatic Elastase* ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Sepsis

PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate the clinical effects of Newfactan in the treatment of moderate to severe respiratory distress syndrome. METHODS: There were enrolled 20 preterm infants who were diagnosed as grade III or grade IV respiratory distress syndrome at Kosin University Gospel Hospital from July 1997 to May 2000. All of these preterm infants were treated for rescue. To investigate the improvement of respiratory parameters we used FiO2, MAP, a/APO2 ratio, OI. RESULTS: Newfactan was administered to the patients at 7.2+/-7.4 hours (range 1.5- 32) after birth and 7 cases (35%) were administered one dose, 8 (40%) were administered two doses and 5 (25%) were administered three doses. The dose interval from first to second dose was 9.2+/-12.3 hours (range 5-46). The dose interval from second to third dose was 27.6+/-5.4 hours (range 21-35). The need of FiO2 showed decreased tendency especially between 4 to 6 hour after administration (P<0.05). PaCO2 and OI were decreased and a/APO2 ratio was increased after administration (P<0.05). MAP was not changed statistically (P>0.05). There were 41 complications and outcomes including PDA, sepsis, pneumothorax, intraventricular hemorrhage, BPD, ROP, and necrotizing enterocolitis. CONCLUSION: The clinical effects of Newfactan in the treatment of grade III or grade IV respiratory distress syndrome were significant in improving FiO2, PaCO2, a/APO2 ratio and OI.
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Parturition ; Pneumothorax ; Sepsis

No abstract available.
Bacteria* ; Ulsan*

BACKGROUND: The electroencephalogram(EEG) has long been used to study the effects of anesthetic drugs on central nervous system function. This study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of two EEG parameters for assessing anesthetic depth during inhalation of 1.5 MAC three inhalation anesthetics (halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane) with 50%-N2O in rats. METHODS: Total 15 rats weighing between 300~350 g, with 5 rats for each anesthetic group were tested for investigation the anesthetic depth. EEG spectrum analysis was evaluated for three inhalation anesthetics which all were added with 50%-N2O. The spectral edge frequency(SEF), median power frequency(MPF) were obtained from the EEG spectrum analysis of raw EEG via fast Fourier transform(FFT). RESULTS: Raw EEG of halothane demonstrated sigmoidal shaped EEG, enflurane abundant spike waves, and isoflurane burst suppression. When 50%-N2O was added to each anesthetic group, the characteristics of the raw EEG were disappeared. EEG spectrum analysis enabled to distinguish the effects of each anesthetic on the anesthetic depth. EEG spectrum analysis demonstrated after 50%-N2O was added that the values of MPF and SEF were significantly decresed as 2.5 Hz and 6.5 Hz from 5.2 Hz and 14.2 Hz respectively. CONCLUSIONS: It is speculated that SEF and MPF was decreased due to the suppression of cerebral electrical activity. The decreases of SEF and MPF from analysis of EEG spectra confirm that the addition of 50%-N2O to each inhalation anesthetics enabled the deeper anesthetic depth.
Anesthetics ; Anesthetics, Inhalation* ; Animals ; Central Nervous System ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Electroencephalography* ; Enflurane ; Halothane ; Inhalation* ; Isoflurane ; Rats* ; Spectrum Analysis

No abstract available.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay*

No abstract available.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay*

No abstract available.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay*

Background: It is well known that the addition of CO2 gas during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can increase cerebral blood flow (CBF). In this study, we tried to find whether the increase of CBF by CO2 gas could be expressed on the measurement of body temperatures. Methods: This study included 22 adult patients who underwent CPB with moderate hypothermia and were assigned randomly to two groups by adding CO2 gas (CO2 group and Air group). We measured each tympanic (TM), nasopharyngeal (NP), oral, forehead, finger, rectal and CPB arterial line temperatures of CPB circuit for 20 times during cooling in every one minute for 20 minutes and during rewarming every two minutes for 40 minutes. Results: During cooling and rewarming, the TM, NP and oral temperatures changed more rapidly than the rectal and finger temperatures. In TM temperature, as time changed, the percent changes of temperature varied more prominently in the CO2 gas group than in the Air group. The statistical differences were significant especially during 13 minutes to 20 minutes in cooling and 8 minutes to 20 minutes during rewarming. Conclusion: From this data, we can postulate the effect of CO2 gas on CBF indirectly by measuring several sites of body temperatures.
Adult ; Body Temperature* ; Carbon Dioxide ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Fingers ; Forehead ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Rewarming* ; Vascular Access Devices