Studies of the water analysis of the breeding place of the first intermediate host(Semisulcospira libertina) was carried out. The breeding place of Semisulcospira libertina in the Haenam area were found mainly in pebbly and sandy riverbed of the upper stream and halfway up the Donghae river, but we could not find the habitats of Semisulcospira libertina in the spring, paddyfield and tidal part of flow in which the content of Cl ion, Ca ion, total alkalinity, total hardness and pH were obviously higher than those of the breeding place. The range of physical and chemical characters of the Semisulcospira libertina breeding water were as follows. 0.05-0.7 m/s of optimal flowing velocity of fresh water, 20-50 cm in depth, 7.12+/-0.17 of optimal pH range 19.4+/-4.92(mg/l)in total alkalinity, 9.4+/-2.97(mg/l) of Ca ion, 9.8+/-2.3(mg/l) of Cl ion content, 115.1+/-34.2(mg/l) of total hardness, but there were no remarkable differences between the habitat water and the contrasts in their specific gravities. In the comparison of analytical result of the breeding water at Haenam, the content of Ca ion, Cl ion, total alkalinity, total hardness and pH showed a gradually higher value in the lower reaches of the river than those of the upper stream and halfway up the river.
parasitology-snail-intermediate host ; Semisulcospira libertina ; breeding place

No abstract available.
Obesity*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Hyperaldosteronism*

No abstract available.

Abdominal pregnancy is one of the rare but extremely harzardous complications of childbearing. The diagnosis of the abdominal pregnancy is rarely made before surgery and the management of it also has many difficult problems. I experienced a case of abdominal pregnancy developed after the previous unilateral adnexectomy and it was a suspicious primary abdominal pregnancy as though did not fulfilled the Studdiford's the following criteria for primary abdominal pregnancy. 1) Normal tubes and ovaries with no evidence of recent or remote injury, 2) absence of any evidence of uteroplacental fistula, and 3) presence of a pregnancy related exclusively to the peritoneal surface and young enough to eliminate the possibility of secondary implantation following primary nidation in the tube. And now I present a case with brief review of literatures.
Diagnosis ; Embryo Implantation ; Female ; Fistula ; Ovary ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Abdominal*

Seasonal variations of fractures are concerned with seasonal sports injuries and pathologic fractures in elderly osteoporotic patients. Despite various attempts at prevention, injuries in downhill skiing especially free style, snowboarding, snowmobile, and tobogganing continue to be seasonal recreational problem. Knee injuries in skiing can be prevented by health education as well as self-releasing test for the binder. Injury of the upper extremity in snowboarding and of the spine in snowmobile also can be reduced by education program. Another aspect of seasonal variation of fractures is related to the osteoporosis in elderly patients. Distal radius fractures, hip fractures, and compression fractures of the spine are common problems in winter. The high incidences these fractures in winter are not only due to ice and snow but also related to the daylight hours and level of vitamin D. So we can reduce the incidence of these fractures by snow clearing, sand and salt spreading in strategic areas, slip-preventive aids on shoes, sometimes padding for older women, and most of all, early detection and treatment of osteoporosis in elderly people.
Aged ; Athletic Injuries ; Education ; Female ; Fractures, Compression ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Health Education ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Ice ; Incidence ; Knee Injuries ; Off-Road Motor Vehicles ; Osteoporosis ; Prevalence* ; Radius Fractures ; Seasons* ; Shoes ; Skiing ; Snow ; Spine ; Upper Extremity ; Vitamin D

No abstract available.
Arterial Occlusive Diseases*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Carrier Proteins* ; Chemokine CCL5* ; Macrophages* ; Mice*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.