To determine the incidence rate of school accidents and its associated factors, a cohort observation was carried out in a boys' high school of a total 2,324 students for an academic year from March 1986 to February 1987. Data for accidents were collected by the author (school nurse) as students came to the school health station for treatment of accidental injury. Data for school activities were obtained from the diary of academic affairs. A total of 603 students made 1,126 visits to the station for accidental injury during the study period that gave an average 1.9 accidents per student. The average number of visits for accidental injury per day was 5.1 and the incidence rate of accidental injury was 2.2 per 1,000 student days. Each class had about 30 accidents on the average in a year. However there were two classes that had exceptionally high incidence rate of accidents; 54 accidents in one class where 10 athletes were assigned and 58 accidents in the other class where the teacher in charge was on vacation for two months. The highest incidence rate of accident was observed in June (3.4 per 1,000 student days) and the lowest rates were in December and February (1.5 and 0.7 per 1,000 student days, respectively) and there were no appreciable difference by day of week. Accidents were caused by mischief or carelessness of students in 62.2% and by the inappropriate tools and facilities of school in 18.6%. The accidents caused by tools and facilities were mainly due to the antiquated chairs and tables. Referral rate to hospital for severe injury was three times higher in cloudy days and five times higher in rainy days than in clear days. There was almost no accident during the examination period but increased after the examination. Based on these findings, following measures are recommended to prevent school accident: disperse the athletes throughout the classes; should the teacher in charge leave the class for a long period, replace with another teacher who is familiar with the class to keep order; replace or repair the inappropriate tools and facilities; and warn the students for the risk of accident or broadcast music or let the students have light physical exercise to relieve the tension in cloudy or rainy day and after examination.
Athletes ; Cohort Studies* ; Daegu* ; Exercise ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Music ; Referral and Consultation ; School Health Services

It is essential to estimate the size, volume and wall thickness of the gallbladder in diagnosis of the gallbladder disease. Author measured maximum length, A-P diameter, width, wall thickness and volume of gallbladder ultrasonographically in 130 normal adults. The results are as follows; 1. The mean length of the gallbladder was 5.88±0.97 cm. 2. The mean A-P diameter of the gallbladder was 2.49±0.52c, on longitudinal scan and 2.48±0.42cm on coronal scan. 3. The mean width of the gallbladder was 2.48±0.46cm. 4. The mean wall thickness of thegallbladder was 2.09±0.29mm. 4. The mean volume of gallbladder was 27.09±10.07cm² by single cylinder method and 18.27±9.04cm³ by Weill method, but there was linear correlation between the two methods(p<0.001).
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Gallbladder Diseases ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Methods ; Ultrasonography

Malignant mixed mesodermal tumor (MMMT) of the ovary is endometrioid tumor containing epithelial and mesenchymal components. The mesenchymal component may be homologous, in which case the term carcinosarcoma is often used, or heterologous, containing cartilage, striated muscle, osteoid, bone, or fat, or combination of these elements. MMMT usually afflicts the postmenopausal woman and occurs more often in the nulliparous female. The disease is usually advanced (stage III) when diagnosed. Cliniopathologic data were presented for 3 cases of MMMT of the ovary with review of literatures. Clinical history substantiated previous reports in postmenopausal women wit this tumor. Symptoms were the same as for ovarian malignancy in general. All the patients presented wit stage II disease, according to the International Federation fo Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification. Two patients died of tumor 4 and 10 months after operation, respectively. One patient had been alive at 2 months after operation. None of 3 cases demonstrate evidence of endometriosis in the remaining ovaries. Microscopically, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive, diastase-resistant hyaline droplets were found frequently in undifferentiated mesenchymal stroma and epithelial structures. The clinical significance and origin of the hyaline droplets in MMMT should be further explored.
Female ; Humans

Congenital subglottic stenosis of the larynx is one of the most common cause of chronic airway obstruction im infancy and childhood. It is defined as narrowing of the space bounded inferiorly by the inferior margin of the cricoid cartilage amd superiorly by the insertion of the fibers of the conus elasticus into the true vocal cords. In case we experienced was a female full-term baby delivered by Cesarean section. The stenosis was believed by hypertrophy of stromal soft tissue and cricoid cartilage in the subglottic area. The lesion was associated with tracheoesophageal fistula of H1 type. A brief review of the literature was done.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Humans

A case of desmoplastic fibroma of mandible in a 18 years old woman is presented. She had complained progressive swelling of right mandible for 4 years. Radiographically, a multilocular radiolucent of right hemimandibulectomy showed multinodular external surface without cortical destruction. Cut surfaces revealed grayish white, fibrous homogeneous appearance with firm consistency, sparing head portion. The maximum diameter of the tumor was 13 cm. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of interlacing bundles of monomorphic spindle-shaped cells with abundant intercellular collagen. Ultrastructurally, most tumor cells were fibroblastic-like cells with abundant RER and cytoplasmic fibrils, but a few disclosed transition to myofibroblasts. However, no fully developed myofibroblasts were seen.
Female ; Humans

A case of desmoplastic fibroma of mandible in a 18 years old woman is presented. She had complained progressive swelling of right mandible for 4 years. Radiographically, a multilocular radiolucent of right hemimandibulectomy showed multinodular external surface without cortical destruction. Cut surfaces revealed grayish white, fibrous homogeneous appearance with firm consistency, sparing head portion. The maximum diameter of the tumor was 13 cm. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of interlacing bundles of monomorphic spindle-shaped cells with abundant intercellular collagen. Ultrastructurally, most tumor cells were fibroblastic-like cells with abundant RER and cytoplasmic fibrils, but a few disclosed transition to myofibroblasts. However, no fully developed myofibroblasts were seen.
Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Diagnosis* ; Humans

Development of drug resistance in tumors during treatment is a major factor limiting the clinical use of anticancer agents. When tumor cells acquire resistance to anticancer drug, they show cross-resistance to other antitumor agents. In the present study, SNU-1 cell was induced adriamycin 10-7 drug resistance, SNU-1/ADR, in vitro culture system. We got the doubling time and number for viability test during 96 hours by MTT assay. To investigate the cross resistance of various anticancer drugs in human stomach cancer cell SNU-1 and SNU-1/ADR, We compared IC50 (drug concentration of 50% reduction) and the relative resistance (RR). SNU-1/ADR was expressed multidrug resistant with vinblastine (RR;>31.62), vincristine (RR;29.50), dactinomycin (RR;21.37), epirubicin (RR;17.78), daunorubicin (RR;14.12), adriamycin (RR;7.76), and etoposide (RR;4.46), and other drugs, 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and calarubicin, have not cross resistant with adriamycin. There was double minute chromosome in SNU-1/ADR by karyotyping although this change was not seen in SUN-1.
Antineoplastic Agents ; Cisplatin ; Cyclophosphamide ; Dactinomycin ; Daunorubicin ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Resistance ; Epirubicin ; Etoposide ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Karyotyping ; Metabolism* ; Methotrexate ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach* ; Vinblastine ; Vincristine

Because neuroblastoma is predominantly a tumor of childhood, patholgists and clinicians tend to exclude it from differential diagnosis when the patient is an adult. The diagnosis of neuroblastoma by light microscopy can be difficult because of similarities between neuroblasts and cells of other round cell neoplasms. The fine structural features of neuroblastoma is distinctive and is valuable in its diagnosis. We present 2 cases of neuroblastoma and a case of ganglioneuroblastoma arising in adults with their ultrastructural findings.
Child ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Neuroblastoma

Electron microscopic study of two malignant fibrous histiocytomas confirmed the presence of previously described tumor cells in the literature. In addition, there existed intermediate cells with morphologic features of both myofibroblasts and histiocytes, or both histiocytes and smooth muscle cells. Our result supported the idea that malignant fibrous histiocytoma may be derived from the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells that differentiate primarily along a fibroblastic and histiocytic cells.