No abstract available.
Lung*

Femorofemoral bypass was chosen as a primary(n=71) and redo (n=7) procedures for 78 patients with unilateral iliac artery occlusive disease during the period of 4 and a half years at the Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital. The patients were categorized into 3 groups according to the patency of the superficial femoral artery on the recipient-side leg and the performance of concomitant leg arterial bypass: Group I (n=34), patent superficial femoral artery (SFA); Group II (n=19), occluded SFA left untreated; Group III (n=25), occluded SFA treated with leg arterial bypass. Adjuvant procedures during the femorofemoral bypasses included 16 femoral endarterectomies, 5 donor-side iliofemoral interposition grafts, and 4 donor-side iliac balloon angioplasties. The primary cumulative patency rates for all femorofemoral bypasses at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years were 96.3%, 84.7%, 84.7%, and 74.2%, respectively calculated by the life table method. The primary patency rates were 90.0%, 62.9%, 62.9%, 62.9% in Group II and 95.7%, 89.5%, 89.5%, 89.5% in Group III at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years after bypass grafting. The statistical analysis with log rank test to compare the patency rates between Group II and III revealed no significant (p=0.2425) differences. In summary, femorofemoral bypass was a durable bypass procedure for the patients with unilateral iliac artery occlusion. Further follow-up is required to confirm the effects of concomitant leg arterial bypass to the patency of femorofemoral bypass.
Angioplasty ; Endarterectomy ; Femoral Artery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Leg ; Life Tables ; Transplants

Objectives: This study aims to assess the current status of diabetes management among residents in 11 administrative regions (Si and Gun) of Chungcheongbuk-do, using data from the 2023 Community Health Survey, and to analyze variations according to the types of local governments. Methods: A total of 12,033 residents of Chungcheongbuk-do, aged 19 and older, were selected as study participants through the 2023 Korean Community Health Survey by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diabetes management indicators, including blood glucose awareness, treatment adherence, and complication prevention, were analyzed using SAS Enterprise Guide version 8.3, focusing on regional differences and patterns according to local government classifications. Results: Less than half of the residents of Chungcheongbuk-do were aware of their blood glucose levels, with considerable variation observed across regions. The overall proportion of individuals receiving appropriate diabetes management in Chungcheongbuk-do was 9.6%, but the rates differed significantly between regions. For instance, Yeongdong had the highest rate of diabetes self-management education (57.5%), while Chungju had the lowest (4.3%). The frequency of regular diabetic complication screenings, such as eye and kidney exams, remained suboptimal in most regions, with many falling below 50%. Even among regions with similar local government characteristics, substantial disparities in diabetes management were identified. Conclusions There is a pressing need for Chungcheongbuk-do and its local governments to enhance blood glucose awareness among residents and integrate comprehensive diabetes education into local health care strategies. Tailored health initiatives must be developed at the local level to improve diabetes management outcomes and reduce regional disparities, ultimately aiming to improve the quality of life for individuals with diabetes.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the current status of diabetes management among residents in 11 administrative regions (Si and Gun) of Chungcheongbuk-do, using data from the 2023 Community Health Survey, and to analyze variations according to the types of local governments. Methods: A total of 12,033 residents of Chungcheongbuk-do, aged 19 and older, were selected as study participants through the 2023 Korean Community Health Survey by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diabetes management indicators, including blood glucose awareness, treatment adherence, and complication prevention, were analyzed using SAS Enterprise Guide version 8.3, focusing on regional differences and patterns according to local government classifications. Results: Less than half of the residents of Chungcheongbuk-do were aware of their blood glucose levels, with considerable variation observed across regions. The overall proportion of individuals receiving appropriate diabetes management in Chungcheongbuk-do was 9.6%, but the rates differed significantly between regions. For instance, Yeongdong had the highest rate of diabetes self-management education (57.5%), while Chungju had the lowest (4.3%). The frequency of regular diabetic complication screenings, such as eye and kidney exams, remained suboptimal in most regions, with many falling below 50%. Even among regions with similar local government characteristics, substantial disparities in diabetes management were identified. Conclusions There is a pressing need for Chungcheongbuk-do and its local governments to enhance blood glucose awareness among residents and integrate comprehensive diabetes education into local health care strategies. Tailored health initiatives must be developed at the local level to improve diabetes management outcomes and reduce regional disparities, ultimately aiming to improve the quality of life for individuals with diabetes.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the current status of diabetes management among residents in 11 administrative regions (Si and Gun) of Chungcheongbuk-do, using data from the 2023 Community Health Survey, and to analyze variations according to the types of local governments. Methods: A total of 12,033 residents of Chungcheongbuk-do, aged 19 and older, were selected as study participants through the 2023 Korean Community Health Survey by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diabetes management indicators, including blood glucose awareness, treatment adherence, and complication prevention, were analyzed using SAS Enterprise Guide version 8.3, focusing on regional differences and patterns according to local government classifications. Results: Less than half of the residents of Chungcheongbuk-do were aware of their blood glucose levels, with considerable variation observed across regions. The overall proportion of individuals receiving appropriate diabetes management in Chungcheongbuk-do was 9.6%, but the rates differed significantly between regions. For instance, Yeongdong had the highest rate of diabetes self-management education (57.5%), while Chungju had the lowest (4.3%). The frequency of regular diabetic complication screenings, such as eye and kidney exams, remained suboptimal in most regions, with many falling below 50%. Even among regions with similar local government characteristics, substantial disparities in diabetes management were identified. Conclusions There is a pressing need for Chungcheongbuk-do and its local governments to enhance blood glucose awareness among residents and integrate comprehensive diabetes education into local health care strategies. Tailored health initiatives must be developed at the local level to improve diabetes management outcomes and reduce regional disparities, ultimately aiming to improve the quality of life for individuals with diabetes.

No abstract available.
Animals ; Glycogen Synthase ; Glycogen ; Insulin ; Rats

No abstract available.
Physiology* ; Prognosis* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Respiratory Insufficiency*

In order to examine the usefulness of the sympathetic skin response(SSR) as an indicator of autonomic dysfunction, we measured the amplitudes and latencies of the SSR in 64 consecutive non-insulin dependent diabetic patients, which were compared with those of 54 normal controls. The SSR on stimulation of median and posterior tibial nerves with EMG electrographer were correlated with nerve conductoin velocity(NCV) findings of median, posterior tibial and sural nerves and with beat-to-beat variation, measured as difference beeen maximum and minimum heart rate during deep breathing. Diabetic patients were also divided into 5 subgroups according to the symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy and NCV findings for further comparisons. The results were as follows: 1. The shapes of the SSR were similar in the hand and the foot, but the amplitude was consistently greater in the hand than in the foot(p<0.001). The latency was shorter in the hand than in the foot(P<0.001). 2. The latencies of the foot and hand SSR in the diabetic patients were not significantly different from the normal controls. On the other hands, the amnplitude of the hand and foot SSR was significantly reduced compared to the control(p<0.001). 3. Of the patients with absent foot SSR, 20(59%) had two or more symptoms of autonomic involvement, whereas 14(14%) had no autonomic symptoms. These difference were significant(p Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Extremities ; Foot ; Hand ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Respiration ; Skin* ; Sural Nerve ; Tibial Nerve

BACKGROUND: It is well known that when macrophages are stimulated with endotoxin, they produce a wide variety of cytokine mediators, including TNF-α and IL-1β. However, there is an alterationnin the macrophages responsiveness when they are challenged with repeated bouts of endotoxin, termed 'endotoxin tolerance' which is regarded as a self-protective phenomenon from continuous stimulation. In this study, endotoxin tolerance in the peripheral blood monocytes of sepsis patients was evaluated. METHODS: Fourteen patients with organism-documented sepsis were included. The severity of illness was evaluated by APACHE IIscore. Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from the patients and diluted to 1×105/well. After stimulation with endotoxin(LPS of E. coli O114:B4, 100 ng/ml), they were incubated at 37℃ in 5% CO2 incubator for 24 hours. Supernatant was collected for the measurement of TNF-αand IL-1β with ELISA method. Peripheral blood monocytes of seven healthy volunteers were used as control. RESULTS: The APACHE IIscore(mean±SD) of the patients at the time of blood sampling was 12.2±5.7. The primary infection foci were urinary tract infection, pneumonia, subacute bacterial endocarditis, and catheter related infection, etc. The causative organisms were gram negative rods(10 cases), gram positive cocci(6 cases) with two cases of mixed infection. Serum TNF-α could be measured in 4 cases with 29.9±27.7 pg/ml. Serum IL-1β was measureable in only one patient. The TNF-α level of supernatant of cultured peripheral blood monocytes was 2,703±2,066 pg/ml in patients and 2,102±1,914 pg/ml in controls. The IL-1β level of supernatant was 884±1,050 pg/ml in patients and 575±558 pg/ml in controls. There was no difference of TNF-α and IL-1β level between patients and controls. CONCLUSION: We cannot prove the phenomenon of endotoxin tolerance in this study. Future study needs to be focused on the more severe sepsis patients who were taken for sampling earlier. Addition of serum to the culture medium could be an another valuable option for the success of this study.
APACHE ; Catheters ; Coinfection ; Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Incubators ; Macrophages ; Monocytes ; Pneumonia ; Sepsis* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha* ; Urinary Tract Infections

BACKGROUND: The inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) is very effective for preventing pulmonary embolism in patients who cannot undergo anticoagulation therapy. However, if a filter is placed in the body permanently, it may lead to other complications. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed of 159 patients who underwent retrievable Cook Celect IVCF implantation between January 2007 and April 2015 at a single center. Baseline characteristics, indications, and complications caused by the filter were investigated. RESULTS: The most common underlying disease of patients receiving the filter was cancer (24.3%). Venous thrombolysis or thrombectomy was the most common indication for IVCF insertion in this study (47.2%). The most common complication was inferior vena cava penetration, the risk of which increased the longer the filter remained in the body (p=0.032, Exp(B)=1.004). CONCLUSION: If the patient is able to retry anticoagulation therapy and the filter is no longer needed, the filter should be removed, even if a long time has elapsed since implantation. If the filter cannot be removed, it is recommended that follow-up computed tomography be performed regularly to monitor the progress of venous thromboembolisms as well as any filter-related complications.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Thrombectomy ; Thromboembolism ; Vena Cava Filters* ; Vena Cava, Inferior* ; Venous Thrombosis