The authors studied anxiety, using Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), in the subjects of 3,499 male and 1,335 female college freshmen of Yeungnam University. The authors collected the reports of SAS during the periods from January to February, 1986, and applied ANOVA and t-test on anxiety scores in order to compare them between various psychosocial factors, and sexes. The results are as follows: There was significant difference in the mean averages of total anxiety scores between male and female students: male students scored 32.91±7.70, female students scored 34.48±6.00, (P<0.001). The anxiety scores relating to the items of sweating, apprehension, restlessness, and insomnia were relatively higher in both groups. The anxiety scores relating to the items of faintness, mental disintegration, tremors, dizziness were lower in both groups. Thirty-nine male students (1.1%) showed seriously high anxiety scores of 50 or higher, while twenty-one female students (1.6%) showed the same scores. So the authors inferred that the features of anxiety symptoms were much the same in our country, but female showed more various symptoms and higher level of anxiety than males. Male students attending in pharmacy showed higher level of anxiety scores (P<0.01). There was a strong tendency toward higher anxiety scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their home atmosphere, colleges, department and familiarity of parents, and those who had pessimistic views of self image in the past, present, or future, in both groups (P<0.001).
Anxiety* ; Atmosphere ; Dizziness ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parents ; Pharmacy ; Psychology ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Tremor

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Female ; Ovary*

The retrospective study was taken to study the serum transaminase level and it's correlation with several symptoms in human rotavirus gastroenteritis. 494 children, who admitted to the Department of Pediatrics in Dae Dong Hospital from January 1991 to December 1991 with chief complaints of waterdy diarrhea were included in studies. The 1st stool specimen on admission was tested for rotavirus Ag by ELLSA method. and than serum transaminase were checked. The results are as follows: 1) The peak incidence being between 6 months to 2 years in both group, but higher incidence was noted in Non-HRV group. Males are more common than females by ratio of about 2:1. 2) The major symptoms in order of frequency was diarrhea>dehydration>vomiting>coughing>fever in HRV group, diarrhea>dehydration=vomiting>fever>coughing in Non-HRV group. The incidence of dehydration and coughing in HRV group were higher than in Non-HRV group. 3) AST & ALT elevation above the normal value were 83.2% (213/256), 52.0% (133/256) in HRV group and 45.3% (116/238), 22.3% (57/238) in Non-HRV group. AST & ALT were significantly increased in HRV group than Non-HRV group (AST: p<0.05, ALT: p<0.05). 4) Mean concentration of AST & ALT were 46. 82, 38.06 in HRV group and 29.06, 21.23 in Non-HRV group. Mcan concentration of AST & ALT were significantly increased in HRV group than Non-HRV group (AST: p <0.05, ALT: p<0.05). 5) Mild dehydration is relatively more common in both group. The frequency were 56.6% (145/256) in HRV group, 47.5% (113/238) in Non-HRV group. The degree of dehydration was not correlated with serum transaminase level at each group(HRV group: p>0.05, Non-HRV group: p>0.05). 6) Duration of diarrhea for 4-5 days & 1-3 days were relatively more common in HRV group than Non-HRV group. The frequency were 36.3% (93/256) in HRV group and 34.9% (83/268) in Non-HRV group. The degree of diarrhea were not correlated with serum transaminase level at each group (HRV group: p>0.05, Non-HRV group: p>0.05). 7) No fever or duration of fever for 1-2 days were relatively more common in both group. The frequency were 39.9% (102/256), 37.5% (96/256) in HRV group and 38.2% (91/238), 42.5% (101/238) in Non-HRV group. The degree of fever was not correlated with serum transaminase level in HRV group, but correlated with Non-HRV group (HRV group: p>0.05, Non-HRV group: p<0.05).
Child* ; Cough ; Dehydration ; Diarrhea ; Female ; Fever ; Gastroenteritis* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Pediatrics ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies ; Rotavirus

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Emergency Treatment* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Aorta, Thoracic* ; Blood Flow Velocity* ; Pregnancy*

No Abstract Available.
Cicatrix* ; Cleft Lip* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Nose*

PURPOSE: Growth impairment and growth hormone deficiency have been reported in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study was undertaken to investigate the growth pattern in children who have been diagnosed and treated ALL. METHODS: We have studied growth during 5-year period after diagnosis in 29 children with ALL who achieved complete continuous first remission following induction chemotherapy from January 1991 to December 1998 at Pusan National University Hospital. Maintenance chemotherapy was given over two or three years in all patients and 10 received additional prophylactic cranial irradiation at a total dose 1,800 to 2,000 cGy. RESULTS: Mean age of patients at diagnosis was 5.81+/-3.44 years, mean height standard deviation score (SDS) at diagnosis was 0.58+/-0.78. During 1 st and 2 nd year of therapy, mean height SDS was significantly decreased to 0.21+/-0.78 (P<0.05), 0.26+/-0.99 (P<0.05). And these decreased mean height SDS during therapy were gradually returned to the baseline levels within 2 years after the end of therapy. During and after therapy, there were no significantly differences in changes of mean height SDS between a group who had prophylactic cranial irradiation and one who had not. There were also no significantly different changes of mean height SDS according to sex or age at initiation of treatment. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that chemotherapy significantly affects growth of patients treated for ALL and that effects were almost transitory, whereas radiotherapy at the doses used in this study does not potentiate growth impairment.
Busan ; Child* ; Cranial Irradiation ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Maintenance Chemotherapy ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Radiotherapy

The squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix is the most common malignant tumor among women in Korea. Since 1976, when a research result that human papillomavirus(HPV) infection played some role in the carcinogenesis of the uterine cervical carcinoma had been published, numerous reports supporting the result have been released. Among the types of the HPV, type 16 and type 18 are classified as high risk types because they are frequently found in cervical lesions with high grade dysplasia and invasive carcinomas. However, it is impossible to ascertain by host histologic or cellular changes which type of HPV is infected. The HPV genome is composed of six open reading frames (ORF' s) named as E1, E2, E4, E5, E6 and E7 in the early region. Among these oncoproteins HPV E6/E7 have been strongly suggested to be important in carcinogenesis. When HPV infects the epithelial cells, it promotes cellular proliferation. The cellular proliferation can be evaluated by immunohistochemistry with the antibodies for proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and Ki-67. Because PCNA has long half-life, and can be detected 48 hours after completion of mitosis, an estimation of proliferating cells by PCNA could be inaccurate. The expression of Ki-67 antigen is more correct than PCNA for the evaluation of proliferation cells due to its short half-life and rapid degradation after completion of the mitosis. In this study, immunohistochemical staining was conducted to determine the rate of expression of HPV E6, E7 and Ki-67, correlation with relationship in carcinoma in situ and invasive uterine cervical cancer. Fifty cases of carcinoma of in situ(CIS) and invasive carcinoma were immunohistochemically stained, and the results obtained were as follows: 1) E6 protein of HPV type 16/18 was expressed in 5 of 14 cases(35.7%) of carcinoma in situ, in 3 of 7 cases of microinvasive carcinoma (42.8%) and in 12 of 20 cases of invasive carcinoma(60%) but there was no significant difference in expression between the carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer group (p=0.138). 2) E7 protein of HPV type 16/18 was expressed in 10 of 14 cases(71.4%) of carcinoma in situ, in 6 of 7 cases of microinvasive carcinoma (85.7%), and in 18 of 20 cases of invasive carcinoma(90%) but there was no significant difference in expression between the carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer group (p=0.138). 3) The cell fraction expressing Ki-67 was expressed in 5 of 14 cases(35.7%) of carcinoma in situ, in 5 of 7 cases of microinvasive carcinoma (71.4%), and in 18 of 20 cases of invasive carcinoma.(90%) The cell fraction expressing Ki-67 increased according to the progress of cervical cancer. 4) There was no statistical significance between HPV type 16/18 E6 protein and the cell fraction expressing Ki-67(p=0.09). 5) There was no statistical significance between HPV type 16/18 E7 protein and the cell fraction expressing Ki-67(p=0.17). The above results suggest that the cell fraction expressing Ki-67 increases according to the invasiveness of cervical cancer and E6/E7 protein seem to play a role in the progression of cervical cancer. However we were not able to reveal a relation between E6/E7 protein and the cell fraction expressing Ki-67 in progress of cervical carcinoma, and it is recommended that further studies should be undertaken.
Antibodies ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Proliferation ; Cervix Uteri ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Genome ; Half-Life ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Korea ; Mitosis ; Oncogene Proteins ; Open Reading Frames ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Aspirin* ; Coronary Aneurysm ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

PURPOSE: Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TSGCT) can be classified into localized and diffuse types. To identify reliable diagnostic markers for these tumors, we compared clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features in localized and diffuse type TSGCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical studies were perfomed. Thirty cases which had been histologically diagnosed as TSGCT after surgery, at our hospital from 2000 to 2012, were analyzed. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for gender, age, site, recurrence, symptom (p>0.05). Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF), CD68, and Ki67 expression was identified in localized and diffuse type TSGCT. But there was no statistically significant difference between the groups for MCSF, CD68, and Ki67 expression (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: This study shows that although the markers MCSF, CD68, and Ki67 are expressed by localized and diffuse type TSGCT, their lack of specificity limits their use as a subsidiary immunohistochemical marker in the differential diagnosis of localized and diffuse type TSGCTs.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells* ; Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Recurrence ; Sensitivity and Specificity