The purpose of this study was to test the effect of Kegel exercise(pelvic floor muscle exercise) for the older women with stress incontinence. The researcher developed, 12-week-long training program was implemented at a senior citizen's center in Seoul. The exercise method was followed the Kimberly-Clark criteria. Verbal instruction for the exercise was given to the group of subjects. Subjects' understanding of exercise was confirmed and evaluated by description of the exercise method by subjects. Thirteen elderly women(mean age 73.7) who have stress incontinence were participated and completed the program. The training session was held every week, the length of each session was 40minutes, including 10minutes Kegel exercise and 30minutes for various topic of health education. Three dependent variables(incontinence, self-esteem, social activity) were compared between pre and post 12-week-training utilizing nonparametric statistics. There was significant decrease in level of incontinence(p=.003). But there was no significant change in self-esteem(p=.06) or in social activities(p=.50). The general evaluation of program by participant was positive. Future study with larger sample and control group was suggested in order to confirm the study results. Because of limited sample size, the study results was not conclusive, although effectiveness of the program as a nursing intervention for the community residing elderly women with stress incontinence is suggestive.
Aged ; Education ; Female ; Health Education ; Humans ; Nursing ; Pelvic Floor* ; Sample Size ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Partial Thromboplastin Time*

We reviewed twelve cases of congenital dislocation of the knee(CDK) which treated at Keimyung University from January 1992 to January 1997. All case were type II dislocation according to classification suggested by Ferris and reduced with minimal treatment. Dislocation were reduced within 4 days in minimum after treatment and 3 weeks in maximum. The period of follow up ranged from 6 months to 5 years. Clinical results were good. Early diagnosis followed by conservative treatment is important and enough to treatment of the type II congenital dislocation of the knee.
Classification ; Dislocations* ; Early Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Knee*

This study examined the types of touch received by elderly patients from nurses, and explored the elderly patient' and nurses' perceptions of touch occurring during nursing activities. Non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews were the methods employed for data collection. The study subjects were composed of 24 nurses of the three medical wards, and their 83 elderly patients who were hospitalized at S Hospital in Seoul from February 15th to March 15th in 1996. The Observation Schedule, the Perception of Touch Instrument, and the Patient classification were study instruments. The most common types of touch occurring during the nurse-elderly patient interactions were : task touch(82.9%), caring touch(4.9%), and concurrent type of touch (12.2%). The mean score of the elderly patients' perception of touch was higher at 30.45(range 5-35)compared to the mean score of the nurses' perception of touch which was 23.01(range 5-35). Elderly patients received the nurses' touch much more positively than the nurses. But the two scores were not significantly correlated(r=.06, 29). The elderly patient's touch perception score was higher(p<.05) in the group that was touched upon approach than the group was touched later. Elderly patients preferred caring touch to task touch, but it was not significant. Nurses' touch perception scores were higher(p<.05) for female than male. Elderly patients felt most comfortable when the nurses administered the touch on their painful site.
Aged ; Appointments and Schedules ; Classification ; Data Collection ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nursing ; Seoul ; Touch Perception

No abstract available.
Risk Assessment*

Authers analysed the electrocardiographic exercise test of 196 cases of normal and 150 cases of various diseases according to the Minnesota Code, Master's criteria and Lepeschkin's criteria and following results were obtained. 1. In normal cases, Lepeschkin's method of analysis of single Master's exercise test revealed less frequent false positive case (7.7%) than those of Master's (12.1%) and Minnesota Code (12.6%). 2. ST-segment changes by the Minnesota Code in the postexercise electrocardiogram were obtained 12.6% of nomal cases, 63.9% of the cases of anginal symptoms, 31.5% of hypertension and 15.4% of diabetes mellitus. 3. Positive exercise test by the Master's criteria in the postexercise electrocardiogram were obtained 12.1% of normal cases, 63.9% of the cases of anginal symptoms, 31.5% of hypertension and 15.4% of diabetes mellitus. 4. Positive exercise test by the Lepeschkin's criteria in the postexercise electorcardiogram were obtained 7.7% of normal cases, 50% of the cases of anginal symptoms, 18.4% of hypertension and 15.4% of diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Electrocardiography* ; Exercise Test* ; Hypertension ; Minnesota

No abstract available.
Blood Pressure* ; Body Mass Index* ; Cholesterol* ; Humans ; Plasma* ; Spouses*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis*

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Ilizarov external fixator in the treatment of difficult tibial fractures. We analyzed 37 cases with closed or open comminuted tibial fractures and unstable segmental fractures, treated with Ilizarov external fixator between August 1993 and August 1997. Among them, 21 cases were treated with simple application of Ilizarov external fixator. A compression of the fracture site (6 cases), translation (2 cases) and internal transportation technique (2 cases) were applied, and bone graft was applied in 5 cases. We obtained bony union in all cases with Ilizarov method except one case converted to intramedullary nailing due to delayed union. The average time required for bone union were 21 weeks in closed fractures, 26.2 weeks in open fractures. The complications developed were as follows; pin irritation in 14 cases, pin tract infection in 9 cases, adjacent joint contracture in 3 cases, delayed union in 1 case and malunion in 1 case. According to Tuckers classification, the results were graded as excellent in 18 cases, good in 14 cases, fair in 3 cases, poor in 2 cases. In conclusion, Ilizarov external fixation is one of the useful treatment option in closed or open comminuted tibial fractures and unstable segmental fractures.
Classification ; Contracture ; External Fixators* ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Ilizarov Technique ; Joints ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures* ; Transplants ; Transportation

No abstract available.