This study was conducted to evaluate the differences of scores in overall health-promoting behavior between residents in the Seoul area and rural inhabitants : and to examine the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and the level of practical performance of the six dimension subscales of the Health-Promoting Lifestyles Profile (HPLP). Data were collected by questionnaire survey over a period of 2 months from July 1st to August 31st, 1997. Subjects chosen for this study consisted of 170 individuals, including 85 Seoul dwellers and 85 rural occupants in Korea. These were sampled from the Seoul and the local adult populations, using a random sampling method. However, the actual number of subjects put into the analyses was 151, including 68 Seoul residents and 83 rural inhabitants. Data were analysed by the SAS program. Statistical methods employed for this study were frequency, t-test, one/two-way ANOVA and MANOVA. The results were as follows : 1. It was revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between Seoul dwellers and rural inhabitants in the scores of health promoting life style activities, that is, Seoul area and rural inhabitants ; and to examine the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and the level of practical performance of the six dimension subscales of the Health-Promoting Lifestyles Profile (HPLP). Data were collected by questionnaire survey over a period of 2 months from July 1st August 31st, 1997. Subjects chosen for this study consisted of 170 individuals, including 85 Seoul dwellers and 85 rural occupants in Korea. These were sampled from the Seoul and the local adult populations, using a random sampling method. However, the actual number of subjects put into the analyses was 151, including 68 Seoul residents and 83 rural inhabitants. Data were analysed by the SAS program. Statistical methods employed for this study were frequency, t-test, one/two-way ANOVA and MANOVA. The results were as follows : 1. It was revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between Seoul dwellers and rural inhabitants in the scores of health promoting life style activities, that is, Seoul occupants had higher scores in overall health promoting life styles than did the local residents. 2. The male population showed higher scores in overall health promoting life styles including self-actualization, health responsibility, interpersonal support and stress management than did the female. 3. The middle aged group (40-49 year old) showed higher scores in overall health promoting life styles than any other age group. 4. The married sample showed higher scores in health responsibility and nutrition than did the unmarried, the divorced, or the widowee/widower. The scores were almost the same between the married and the unmarried group, even though the unmarried group had slightly higher scores in self-actualization, exercise, interpersonal support, and stress management of the HPLP than did the married. 5. Public officials and clerical workers showed higher scores in overall health promoting lifestyles than did the others including house wives, farmers, business-men, or professionals. But in the analysis of mutual interactions of both age and occupation, business-men, merchants, public officials and clerical workers in 40-49 years of age with their health responsibility showed higher scores in overall health promoting lifestyles than did the others, while professionals showed lower scores relatively. While professionals showed lower scores relatively. 6. A person who earned over 1,500,000 Won as a monthly income showed higher scores in overall health promoting life styles than the person who earned under 1,500,000 Won, 7. A statistical significance was not found in the difference between the socio-demographic variables, such as levels of education and HPLP scores in overall health promoting life styles. These findings differed from the existing previous study's results in which the higher educational levels contributed to the health promoting behaviors. Therefore, the author suggested that the level of formal education can not playn and important role in the practical performance of health promoting behaviors, at present, because of the more effective community-based health education through the mass media such as TV and video.
Adult ; Divorce ; Education ; Female ; Health Education ; Humans ; Korea* ; Life Style* ; Male ; Mass Media ; Middle Aged ; Occupations ; Seoul ; Single Person ; Spouses ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Many modalities for the treatment of acne vulgaris have been introduced, but the results of the treatment were variable and unsatisfactory. In 1969, Kligman ct al reported that vitamin A acid was one of the mot effective raembers of the topical therapeutics for ance than any other topical remedies. But the undesirable side effects of vitamin A acid limit its use, and so we us instead of vitamin A acid for minimizing of possible side effects The results are as follows: 1. The total number of skin eruption progressively diminished after treatment with topical vitamin A acid derivatives and we found significant diminution on fourth week, and the effectiveness of the total patients was 73.7%. 2. The number of papules and closed comedories progressively diminished after treatment, but that of open corzelones slightly increased on first week of the treatment and diminished thereafter. 3. The number of pustules too few to evaluate with statistical analysis, but newly developed pustules noted speciaelly in first and second weeks wit.h unpredictable courses 4. The frequent, undesirable side effects were scale, buming & stinging and erythemas in order of frequeny, but other side effeccs auch as itching, tightness, pain, and pigmentation also noted in a few patients but the side effect.s were mild. So we considered the effectiveness of vitamin A acid derivatives were as good as those of vit,amin A acid, but the undesirable side effects of vitamin A acid. derivatives were less severe than those of vitamin A acirl.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Bites and Stings ; Erythema ; Humans ; Pigmentation ; Pruritus ; Skin ; Tretinoin* ; Vitamin A* ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.
Diet* ; Education* ; Humans ; Renal Dialysis*

A case of xeroderma pigmentosum complicated with squamous cell carcinoma is presented. A 15 year old male has had a history of a single walnut-sized tumorous growth of 6 months duration on tip of his nose and multiple light to dark brown pigmented macules on face, ears, neck, upper chest, extensor surface of both foreams and dorsal hands of about 14 years duration, recognizable photosensitivity of the cutaneous lesions and photophobia and lacrimation since early childhood. Xeroderma pigrnentosum was suspected under clinical background. Biopsy was performed on the facial pigmented lesions and on the tumorous mass on the nose, which revealed xeroderma pigmentosum and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. The tumor was excised totally under local 2% procaine anesthesia, resulting in healing with scar formation and no recurrence was observed during 6 month's follow up. Dermabrasion of the entire face was done, with complete removal of the xerodermic skin lesions, but they all recurred after about 1 month.
Adolescent ; Anesthesia ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cicatrix ; Dermabrasion ; Ear ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Humans ; Ichthyosis ; Male ; Neck ; Nose ; Photophobia ; Procaine ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Thorax ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum

No abstract available.
Humans ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing*

A case of 23 years old male with Reiters syndrome was reported. The skin lesions were characterized by thick, britle and heavy keratotic crust formation on whole body with weakness, severe arthritis, ankylosis, on the feet, wrists, knees, ankle and finger joints. Histopathological examination showed a spongiform vesicopustules, acanthosis and parakeratosis, interpapillary process elongated in the epidermis hyperkeratosis, dilated. vessels with perivascular infiltrate in the dermis. He was treated with Arning's tincture, Nystatin ointment, coaltar ointment painting and oral administration of prednisolone, methotrcxate for 1 month, resulting favorable improvement.
Administration, Oral ; Ankle ; Ankylosis ; Arthritis ; Candidiasis* ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Finger Joint ; Foot ; Humans ; Knee ; Male ; Nystatin ; Paint ; Paintings ; Parakeratosis ; Prednisolone ; Skin ; Wrist ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Home Care Services* ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory*

BACKGROUND: When going into the intensive care unit (ICU), health care workers (HCWs) and visitors are required to put on cover-gowns and change into slippers, which is considered by some hospitals as one of the customary infection control practices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cover-gowns and slippers in reducing nosocomial infections in the medical ICU (MICU). METHODS: The study was carried out in four periods. In the period-I (January to June, 2002), all HCWs and visitors put on cover-gowns when entering the MICU, but not in the period-II (July to December, 2002). They were required to change into slippers in the period-III (January to April, 2004), but not in the period-IV (May to August, 2004). RESULTS: Nosocomial infection rates during the period-I and period-II were 14.8 and 12.6 per 100 discharges (P>0.05) or 14.1 and 13.6 per 1,000 patient days (P>0.05), respectively. During the period-III and period-IV respective infection rates were 9.4 and 12.6 (P>0.05) or 10.2 and 15.7 (P>0.05). There were no statistical differences in device utilization ratios, device-associated infection rates, and site of infections (P>0.05) between the periods of I and II or between the periods of III and IV. CONCLUSION: These results showed that the intervention of cover-gown and slipper change is a non-effective factor in reducing nosocomial infections in the MICU; therefore, the infection control practice of cover-gown and slipper changes for HCWs and visitors entering the ICU should be eliminated.
Cross Infection* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Intensive Care Units* ; Critical Care*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the important factors on juvenile delinquency and to examine relationships between sex, age, the family environment, the personality of adolescents, smoking, and juvenile delinquency. Methods: Data collection was done through questionnaire surveys. The subjects for this study consisted of 1,948 adolescents delinquents : 784, students : 1,164 in Korea, using proportional stratified random sampling method. Statistical methods employed were chi-square, t-test and path analysis. Results: The results of this study were as follows : 1. The delinquent adolescents were reared in a more dysfunctional family environment, and had a higher maladaptive personality than the other student adolescents. 2. The delinquent adolescents showed the larger amount of smoking than the student adolescents. The cause of increased smoking tendency among delinquents simply were 'for social relation', 'for diversion', 'for nicotine addiction', whereas 'for tension relieving' among non-delinquent adolescents. 3. The most powerful contributors on delinquent behavior were antisocial personality tendencies, smoking, sex, strength of parent- child relationships, and the age of the adolescents in this order. Conclusions: Our cross-sectional findings indicate that smoking was one of the most powerful contributing variables to delinquent behavior, but family environment, personality, sex and age of adolescents were also proved to be strong exogenous variables to smoking in adolescents.
Adolescent* ; Antisocial Personality Disorder ; Child ; Data Collection ; Humans ; Juvenile Delinquency ; Korea ; Nicotine ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

BACKGROUND: The shelf life should be determined by health care facility's infection control program. The current standards for preserving the sterility can be changing. So, to measure and compare the recontamination time of sterile packs among wrappers and storage conditions, and develop a practical standard for the shelf life and storage conditions of sterile products. The purpose of this study was placed on measurement of the recontamination time in packs wrapped in all kinds of wrapping materials used in Il-San hospital and extra-costs. METHODS: The first phase study was from June to November 2002 and tile second phase study was planned to extend further the shelf life of the pouch bag from December 2002 to June 2003. Total 504 sterile sample packs containing cotton ball (5 cm-length) prepared and wrapped in four wrapping materials (randomized reprocessed two folds of lines, a fold of new craft paper, a fold of new nonwoven fabric, a fold of new pouch bag) and stored in three location (open shell of one of typical wards, open shelf of one of ICUs, open shelf of CSSD). Each type of packs were opened weekly and the cotton balls inoculated into thioglycollate broth at 35degrees C for seven days by infection control nurse. The temperature and relative humidity was monitored monthly. RESULTS: There was on growth found for any types of the pack and storage conditions studied. The temperature and relative humidity of storage locations were 24.8degrees C and 35.5 %. The extra-cost of reprocessing in Ethylene-Oxide gas sterilization was \32,800,000 and Steam sterilization was \36,900,000 by year. CONCLUSION: This study was conducted in attempt to identify the possibility of extending the current shelf life for sterile goods we use in a sense of cost effectiveness. It was possible to extend shelf life from four weeks to six months in the study hospital. We are going to continue this study and take all steps need to apply this new concept to our practice, and then trying to extend to other hospitals.
Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Costs and Cost Analysis* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humidity ; Infection Control ; Infertility ; Steam ; Sterilization