No abstract available.
Chorea* ; Humans

Various immunologic studies were performed for the investigation of humoral immunity in 30 patients with Behcet's syndrome who had been registered in Behcet Special Clinic of Severance Hospital: direct immunofluorescent staining, quantitation of serurn Ig, complement by immunoelectrophoresis and B-cell by EAC-rosette method. The results can be summerized as follows: 1. Direct immunofluorescent staining occurs in biopsies from patients with Behcets syndrome: 11 of the 30 patients(36. 7%). Among them, vascular fluorescene with C3 was noted in 10 of 11 patients (90. 9%), in addition of IgG, IgA, IgM, and fibrinogen on dermoepidermal junction or vessel. 2. The results of direct immunofluorescence staining showed different tendency according to biopsy sites and clinical types: 5 of 10(50%,) in the specimens from oral mucosa, 5 of 13(38.5%) from leg, 1 of 3(33.3%,) from genitalia, and 0 of 7(0%) from other sites: higher in complete and incomplete types than in suspected and possible types. 3. Immunofluorescent staining rates were statistically not significant according to sex, age and Lehner's classification. 4. Serum IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C4 and B-cell were statistically not significant between DIF positive and negative groups. Therefore it is considered that vascular deposits of immune complexes and activation of complements by immune omplexes may be a role of pathogenetic mechanisms of Behcet's syndrorne.
Antigen-Antibody Complex ; B-Lymphocytes ; Behcet Syndrome* ; Biopsy ; Classification ; Complement System Proteins ; Fibrinogen ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral* ; Immunoelectrophoresis ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Leg ; Mouth Mucosa

The authors defined precaval retropancreatic space as the space between pancreatic head with portal vein and IVC analyzed the CT findings of this space to know the normal structures and size in this space, We evaluated 100 cases of normal anbdominal CT scan to find out normal anatomic structures of precaval retropancreatic space retrospectively. We also measured the distance between these structures and calculated the minimum, maximum and mean values. At the splenoportal confluence level, normal structures between portal vein and IVC were vessel (21%), lymph node (19%), and caudate lobe of liver (2%) in order of frequency. The maximum AP diameter of portocaval lymph node was 4mm. Common bile duct(CBD) was seen in 44% and the diameter was mean 3mm and maximum 11mm. CBD was located in extrapancreatic (75%) and lateral (60.6%0 to pancreatic head. At IVC-left renal vein level, the maximum distance between CBD and IVC was 5mm and the structure between posterior pancreatic surface and IVC was only fat tissue. Knowledge of these normal structures and measurement will be helpful in differentiating pancreatic mass with retropancreatic mass such as lymphadenopathy.
Bile ; Head ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Portal Vein ; Renal Veins ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Onychomycosis* ; Urea*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Purpura*

Thalamonal(Innovar) consisted of droperidol, a tranquilizer, and fentanyl, a short acting narcotic. Supplementation of nitrous oxide with large dose of fentanyl was known to cause contraction of abdominal muscle, often strong enough to produce rigidity. There was some reports of interaction of thalamonal on the depolarizing muscle relaxant. This study was undertaken to quantify the neuromuscular effect of thalamonal-N2O compared with halothane-N2O anesthesia on succinylcholine induced blockade. Forty non-pregnsnt women aged between 20 and 40 years undergoing general anesthesia for elective lower abdominal surgery were randomly divided in halothane(20cases) and thalamonal group (20 cases). All were free from renal, hepatic, endocrine and neuromuscular disease. The patient's forarm and hand secured firmly to an armboard, and a force displacement transducer(San Ei, Japan) was connected to patient thumb and ulnar nerve was stimulated through surface elctrodes at wrist. Supramaximal pulse were delivered using a nerve stimulator(Emerson, USA) at a rate of 1 Hz with a duration of 0.2msec. This isometirc twitch tension produced by this stimulation, as quantified by transducer, was continuously recorded before and during anesthesia on a biophysiograph(San Ei, Japan). Anesthesia was induced with thiopental sodium 4~5 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1mg/kg, and intubation was performed after maximal twitch depression. Immediately after intubation, thalamonal 0.5ml/10kg was injected in one group, and halothane 1% was added in the other group. The onset time, time from onset of action to full paralysis, duration of full paralysis and recovery index were analyzed. The results were as follows. 1) In halothane 1% group: the onset time was 16.6+/-3.21 sec, time from onset to full paralysis was 48.4+/-8.97 sec and duration of full paralysis was 269.1+/-61.81 sec. Recovery index was 77.7+/-19.26 sec. 2) In thalamonal 0.5ml/10kg group: the time to onset of action was 16.0+/-2.74 sec, time from onset to full paralysis was 43.2+/-8.09 sec and duration of full paralysis was 347.7+/-102.03 sec(p<0.05). Recovery index was 93.8+/-23.86 sec(p>0.05).
Abdominal Muscles ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Depression ; Droperidol ; Female ; Fentanyl ; Halothane* ; Hand ; Humans ; Intubation ; Neuromuscular Agents* ; Neuromuscular Diseases ; Nitrous Oxide ; Paralysis ; Succinylcholine* ; Thiopental ; Thumb ; Transducers ; Ulnar Nerve ; Wrist

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*

Ketamine hydrochloride(ketamine) is a non-barbiturate anesthetic agent chemically designated as dl-2-(0-chlorophenyl)2-(methylamino)-cyclohexanone hydrochloride. Ketamine anesthesia has been found distinctively different from that induced by conventional anesthetic agents, as it provides profound analgesia without significant impairment of respiratory function or stimulation of cardiovascular activities thus avoiding hypotension and are preserved the protective pharyngeal and laryngeal reflexes. In addition, ketamine appears to have muscle relaxation properties. This latter clinical finding, however has not been experimentally substantiated since few reports have appeared on the effect of ketamine on muscle relaxation. The present study therefore, was undertaken to determine whether this agent affects the muscle activity during d-tubocurarine block. The experiment was performed on sixteen rabbits weighing 1.8 to 2.5kg and these were divided into two groups; eight rabbits for control and eight for th study group. All animals were intubated through a tracheostomy under general anesthesia with nembutal 40mg/kg given intravenously. Respiration was controlled by means of a Harvard animal respirator. The body temperature was kept at 35 degrees C to 36 degrees C with a thermo-blanket. The common peroneal nerve and anterior tibial muscle was exposed and the nerve stimulator was applied to the nerve muscle preparation. The twhitch height of the muscle contraction was recorded on a biophysiograph through the force displacement transducer. The common peroneal nerve was stimulated supramaximally using a single twitch, square wave of 0.2 msec duration at a frequency of 0.1Hz once every 10 seconds. The degree of neuromuscular block following intravenous injection of d-tubocurarine 1mg/kg was measured in the control group. And in the study group ketamine 5mg/kg was administered intravenously when 25% of twitch height of muscle contraction was obtained spontaneously after the intravenous injection of d-tubocurarine 1mg/kg. The changes of the twitch height of muscle contraction and the time of spontaneous recovery in the study group were compared with those of the control group. The results were as follows: 1) The times and degree of maximal single twitch depression were obtained at 194.8sec and 87.3% in the control group and were at 197.5 sec and 87.8% in study group. No significant difference was observed. 2) Recovery index of the control group was 1,560.0 sec and recovery index of the study group was markedly prolonged to 2,387.5 sec(53.0% prolongation). 3) Mean decrease of single twitch height was 8.8% soon after the intravenous ketamine 5mg/kg when 25% of twitch height was obtained after the intravenous d-tubocurarine 1mg/kg in the study group.
Rabbits ; Animals

PURPOSE: To determine the relation between characteristic findings of hepatic arteriography and nontumorous perfusion defects which on CT arterioportography (CTAP) had been inadequately described. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To identify pseudolesions, the CTAP results of 46 patients with perfusion defects which were not recognized on conventional CT or ultrasonography were reviewed and compared with MRI, iodized-oil CT, surgical findings, and histopathologic reports. Typical and atypical pseudolesions were divided according to location, shape and cause, as revealed in previous reports. The number, shape and the location of pseudolesion seen on CTAP were determined and hepatic arteriography correlatively reviewed to determine vascular change in the corresponding area. RESULTS: Seventy-two additional lesions of 46 patients were detected. Among these, 12 cases were true lesions. Sixty pseudolesions were divided into typical (n = 18) and atypical (n = 42) ; the typical pseudolesions were found in familiar locations adjacent to the porta hepatis, falciform ligament or gall bladder and except for increased vascular staining around the gall bladder in two lesions, specific vascular changes were not seen. The shapes of the atypical pseudolesion were wedged (n = 22), nodular (n = 15) and flat (n = 5). They were located subcapsularly (n= 30) or nonspecifically within liver parenchyma (n = 12). The early appearance of a small portal vein branch with subsequent focal hepatic parenchymal staining, which suggests a small AP shunt, was identified on the hepatic arteriography, and on CTAP matched the areas of 96% atypical pseudolesions (26/34) which were more than 1cm in size. CONCLUSION: A small AP shunt should be regarded as a cause of nontumorous, nonsegmental perfusion defectson CTAP.
Angiography* ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Liver* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Perfusion* ; Portal Vein ; Portography* ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder

No abstract available.