Sole prints were analyzed from one thousand normal volunteers (500 males and 500 females) to establish dermatoglyphics of Korean people, and the following resuIts were obtained: The triradius P was present in 49.1% of the right soles and 40.6% of the lefts, or 44.9% of the entire series. The fibular radiant of triradius P was directed into the fourth interdigital intervals in 54.9% of the soles, and the next common terrninations were in the digital triradius c 15.3%, the third interdigital interval, 12. 5% and distal portion of the fibular border, 9.4%. In right soles the tendeney was for the radiant to extent farther tibialward than in lefts, where the inverse tendency was reflected in sharp rise in the number of endings on the fibular borders and decrease of endings tibialward. The distal radiant of triradius P terminated in the first interdigital interval, 46.5%, the interdigital triradius a, 32. 5%, and the second interdigital interval,. 20.5%, and rarely the distal radiant fused with digital triradius, 0.6% Of the alignments of ridges of the soles, 72.7;. of the soles exhibited transvcrsely coursing ridges in the mid-region, and the remainder were slight fibuloproximal slants,Grade 2) 18.2%, and slight fibulodistal slants (Grade 4) 8, 7%. There was a tendency of right soles to favor the fibulo-proximal slant, and of lefts, the fibulo-distal sIant. In the calcar region 44.1% of the soles presented a slight fibulo-distal slant, and the next cmmon direction was transverse, 37.4% Right soles tended more to the transverse alignment, while lefts displayed a ... (continue)
Dermatoglyphics ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male

PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the treatment results of malignant melanoma and to analyze the factors influencing prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty one cases of malignant melanoma were included in this study. They were treated in our hospital surgically, medically and immunologically from January 1996 to December 2005, and were followed more than 5 years. We compared 5 year survival rate (5YSR) according to the age, gender, anatomical site, depth of tumor, TNM stage, involvement of lymph node and immuno-chemotherapy. RESULTS: Overall 5YSR was 80.6%. 5YSR of the age group below 65 years was 89.7% and 66.7% for the age group over 65 (p=0.033). 5YSR for men was 75% and 90.9% for women. 5YSR according to the site of occurrence showed 66.7% in upper extremities, 89.5% in lower extremities, and 66.7% in other site. 5YSR was 100% for the Clark level below III and 62.5% for the level above IV (p=0.032). 5YSR was 53.8% for lymph node metastasis group and 100% for non-lymph node metastasis group (p=0.021). CONCLUSION: We concluded that early diagnosis and wide excision was the most important in treatment of malignant melanoma. The prognostic fractors of malignant melanoma were age, depth of tumor (Clark's stage) and metastasis of lymph node.
Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Melanoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Survival Rate ; Upper Extremity

Leprosy is an infectious diseases caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It is considered to be manifested in person with an impaired. immune system and is divided into two polar forms; the first being tuberculoid leprosy(TL) with nearly norrnal cell-mediated immunity(CMI) and the second heing lepromatous leprosy(LL) with deficient CMI. Adenosine deaminase(ADA) is an enzyme concerned with intermediary purine metabolism, which is known to be deficient in case of immunological dysfunction. To find out if there is any ADA deficiency in leprosy, the ADA activities in the lymphocytes of leprosy patients were compared with those of normal ones. The ADA activities in lymphocytes of normal subjects, TL patients and. LL patients were as follows; ID. 36-I-l. 90 units/10cells, 6. 35+0. 86units/10'cells and 4. 58+0. 52units/IO'cells respectively. The ADA activities in lymphocytes were revealed to be significantly different between normal subjects and LL patients(p<0. 01) and also between normal subjects and TL patients(p<0. 05). The lowered ADA activities in lymphocytes of leprosy patients, particularly in lepromatous leprosy, suggests a similar role in ADA for immunological response as demonstrated in severe combined immunodeficiency diseases.
Adenosine Deaminase* ; Adenosine* ; Communicable Diseases ; Humans ; Immune System ; Leprosy* ; Leprosy, Lepromatous ; Lymphocytes* ; Metabolism ; Mycobacterium leprae ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency

No abstract available.
Chickenpox* ; Child* ; Humans ; Immunization ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

No abstract available.
Osteotomy* ; Rabbits*

No abstract available.
Osteotomy* ; Rabbits*

Localized cystic disease of the kidney is a rare entity with the gross and microscopic features of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease localized to only a portion of a kidney, and negative family history. We report a case of localized cystic disease of the kidney in a 38-year-old woman who complained of intermittent right flank pain for 1 year. The resected kidney showed multiple cysts measuring up to 4.0 3.5 3.0 cm, which were scattered throughout the mid- and lower poles of the kidney. Microscopically, the cystic lesion was composed of numerous cysts of variable size, lined by flattened epithelium. The intervening septa of the cysts contained normal or compressed renal tubules and glomeruli. Neither dysgenetic tissue such as immature cartilage or primitive mesenchymal tissue nor malignant cells was identified. Localized cystic disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions in the kidney.
Adult ; Cartilage ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelium ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Kidney* ; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant

PURPOSE: This study was designed to compare fracture healing in normal and ovariectomized rat, and to evaluate the effect of intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone on fracture healing in osteopenic animal model, MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four-months-old mature female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly elivided into 5 groups. Group I underwent a sham operation, and others (Group II-V) were ovariectomized. At three months after ovariectomy or sham operation, standardized bilateral transverse tibial fractures were created and intramedullary nailings with Kirschner wire were performed. The rats were then treated with daily subcutaneous injection of placebo in Groups I and II, 17beta-estradiol in Group III, low doses of recombinant human PTH (1-84) in Group IV, and high doses of recombinant human PTH (1-84) in Group V for 4 weeks. At day 30 of post-fracture the animals were sacrificed and fracture healing was assessed with histologic/histomorphometric analysis and three-point bending mechanical testing. RESULTS: On histologic/histomorphometric evaluation of sham operation group, the fracture callus mainly consisted of dense trabecular bone. On the other hand, Groups II and III seemed to have much looser cancellous network, abundant in fibrous marrow. In parathyroid hormone-treated g roups, external callus consisted of more dense trabecular, woven bone than that of Groups II or III, and especially the high doses of parathyroid hormone-treated group was comparable to the sham operation group in terms of per cent trabecular bone volume (Group I>V>IV>III=II, P<0.05). Mechanical testing indicated that ultimate load was reduced in Group II and III compared to sham operated or parathyroid hormone-treated groups (Group I=V>IV>III=II, P<0.05). Other significant differences were the increase in absorbed energy at ultimate load of Groups I and V (Group I=V>IV=III=II, P<0.05), and increase in ultimate stress of Groups I and V (Group I=V>IV=II=III, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of this study, it may be concluded that fracture healing is delayed in the ovariectomy-induced osteopenic rat model. Our experiment also showed dose-related stimulation of parathyroid hormone in the strength of fracture, and that antiresorptive agents such as estrogen had no effect. Further study is needed in large animal model, and attention should be focused on systemic/long-term effect of parathyroid hormone and its relationship with local growth factors in fracture healing.
Animals ; Bone Density Conservation Agents ; Bone Marrow ; Bony Callus ; Estrogens ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fracture Healing* ; Hand ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Models, Animal ; Ovariectomy ; Parathyroid Hormone* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tibial Fractures

PURPOSE: We intended to check the growth rates and phenotypic markers of chondrocytes in the dedifferentiated cells cultivated in various conditions in order to establish the ideal culture system for implantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Culturing rabbit chondrocytes from proximal tibia, we checked the phenotypes at first, second, and third week. Then we cultured the chondrocytes in different circumstances such as monolayer or three dimensional gel in the presence or abscence of TGF-B1, and checked the growth rates and phenotypic markers. RESULTS: There was no difference in growth rates and mRNA level of type I, type II collagen and aggrecan between the cells cultured in monolayer and three dimensional gel of collagen. However, the responses of the cells to TGF-B1, were quite different between these two groups. In monolayer culture, the expression of type I collagen was depressed by TGF-B1 while the growth rate was markedly increased. Oppositely in three dimensional culture, the mRNA level of type I collagen was markedly increased and the growth rate was completely suppressed by TGF-B1. The expression of type II collagen could be detected only in TGF-B1-treated cells cultured in three dimensional gel for 4 or more days. The mRNA level of aggrecan was also increased by TGF-B1, in the cells cultured in three dimensional gel. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the number of chondrocytes can be efficiently expanded by culturing the cells in monolayer and the phenotypes of chondrocyte can be restored by culturing the cells in three dimensional gel containing TGF-B1. The application of semi-solid gel containing differentiated chondrocytes in physeal implantation should be further evaluated
Aggrecans ; Chondrocytes* ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I ; Collagen Type II ; Phenotype ; RNA, Messenger ; Tibia ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1*

The patella is one of the most important components of the knee extension mechanism, and position of patella relates to some diseases of the knee, especially recurrent dislocation of the patella and Osgood-Schlatter s diseases. We checked the patella to patella tendon ratio in normal persons as well as in cases with recurrent dislocation of patella, chondromalacia of patella, degenerative arthritis of the knee and Osgood Schlatter s disease by means of Insall and Salvati method. The following results were obtained: 1) The ratio was 1.048 in normal persons. 2) The ratio was 0. 845 in recurrent dislocations. 3) The ratio was the same as normal in cases of the acute stage of Osgood-Schlatter's disease but chenged to 1. 236 in the late healing stage after 18 years of age. 4) The ratio in chondromalacia of the patella and degenerative arthritis of the knee was not significantly different from the normal.
Cartilage Diseases ; Chondromalacia Patellae ; Clinical Study ; Dislocations ; Humans ; Knee ; Methods ; Osteoarthritis ; Patella ; Patellar Ligament