The finger extension reflex was performed to the 419 normal infants without CNS abnormalities that visited to the well baby clinic and out-patient department, and so to the patients with CNS abnormalities on the brain sonography and brain CT under the age of 2 months from May 1992 to September 1993 in the department of pediatrics, Hanyang university hospital. The results were summerized as follows 1) The positive rates of the finger extension reflex according to age in month on the normal infants from birth to 8 months of age were 100%, 100%, 100%, 72.3%, 57.1%, 28.6%, 17.5%, 6.3% and 0% respectively, and the reflex was almost lost after the age of 5 months. 2) Of 21 patients with brain pathology on the brain sonography and/or brain CT, the finger extension reflexes were absent on two patients with grade 3~4 intraventricular hemorrhage, one with hypoxic brain damage and one with severe brain parenchymal hemorrhage, partially responded on two patients with brain edema and one with moderate-sized brain parenchymal hemorrhage, and completely responded on 11 patients with mild intracranial hemorrhage, two with hydrocephalus and one with aneurysm of Galen vein. 3) Because there were no cases with localized brain pathology, we couldn't find the differences of the finger extension reflexes associated with the location of brain pathology. In conclusion, we found that the finger extension reflex may be lost from 3 months through 6 months of age. With further study of normal premature babies and more infants with brain pathology, we may use the finger extension reflex as one of the primitive reflexes and predict severe CNS abnormalities.
Aneurysm ; Brain ; Brain Diseases ; Brain Edema ; Cerebral Veins ; Fingers* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hypoxia, Brain ; Infant ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Outpatients ; Parturition ; Pediatrics ; Reflex*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Intussusception* ; Korea*

No abstract available.
Adhesives* ; Ileus*

PURPOSE: We investigated the relationship between patient safety culture and safety care activity, and identified factors for safety care activity of entry-level nurses. METHODS: The subjects of the study were 204 entry-level nurses working at five general and advanced hospitals with over 500 beds located in C and D City. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. RESULTS: Perception of patient safety culture had significant correlations with safety care activity. Multiple regression analysis showed that demographic variables of quality of nursing on patient safety and health state of entry-level nurses affected safety care activity. In addition, patient safety culture in ward and communication affected safety care activity. These factors explained 38% of variance. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the study, patient safety culture promotion strategies to facilitate supportive work environment and effective communication are needed.
Humans ; Patient Safety

No abstract available.
Liver Abscess* ; Liver*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Dogs* ; Guided Tissue Regeneration*

PURPOSE: This research with one group pre-post design was carried out to test the practical feasibility to administrate the Music' Movement program developed for the stroke patients. SUBJECTS: 12 stroke survivors at J Public Health Center in Seoul. were participated in. The average age was 68 years old. the ratio of sex was almost 5.8 :4.2, the duration of was almost over 1 year. METHOD: Music' Movement program was conducted for 2 hours x 1day x 6 weeks. The contents of Music' Movement program were consisted of the preparatory activities, main activities and the wrap up activities. The preparatory activities are ice braking, greeting, explanation of the aims of music' movement program, and introduction of stroke disease and ROM exercise. The main activities are the body motions with singing and playing musical instruments. The wrap up activities are stretching and joints and discussion of home activities. Data Collection: The outcome variables are muscle strength, finger pinch power, ROMs. flexibility, depression, and life satisfaction. Depression was measured by CES-D(Kim, I. J., 1999), life satisfaction by ladder scale(McDowell & Newell. 1996), and ADL state (Holbrook & Skilbeck, 1983). Data Analysis: SPSS/PC 10.0 for Window was used. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to analyze outcome measures. The level of statistical significance was set at p .05. RESULTS: This program was effective to decrease the depression level of subjects(p .05). The muscle strength, hand grip power, ROMs, life satisfaction. and rehabilitation state of the subjects were slightly increased but no significant differences were found between the pre and post test. Additionally every patient replied that they were very satisfied and expressed their appreciation for this program very much. Of course they strongly want to continue to participate in and meet the peer group again. CONCLUSION: Considering these results, the practical feasibility of Music' Movement program can be supported. Therefore, this Music Movement program can be examined with the quasi-experimental design with control group and ongoing reviews. After that, this program would be applied in public health centers, medical institutes, and welfare centers for the rehabilitation of stroke patients.
Academies and Institutes ; Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Data Collection ; Depression ; Fingers ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Ice ; Joints ; Muscle Strength ; Music ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Peer Group ; Pliability ; Public Health ; Rehabilitation ; Seoul ; Singing ; Statistics as Topic ; Stroke* ; Survivors

This study was aimed (1) to evaluate osteoporotic vertehral fracture using normal morphometric dimensions in the Korean women (2) to test the relative importance of vertebral morphometry and fracture characteristics in predicting lumbar spine hone mineral density (3) to study clinical significance of the patients of 2 standard deviation to 3 standard deviation morphometric value. Normal morphometric data was ohtained from 60 heolthy women and 100 women with osteoporotic vertebral fracture defined by normal morphometry were evaluated. Fracture identification by 3SD cut off value was almost similar with that of qualitative method. Fracture identification by 2SD cut off value showed an increased number of fractures on the mid thoracic and thoracolumbar junction. Distrihution of the osteoporotic vertehral fracture showed double peaks on mid thoracic and thoracolumbar junction. Bone mineral density of third lumhar spine (LSBMD) in the multiple fracture group was significantly decreased from that of the single tracture group(p<0.05). LSBMD in the disperse fracture group was not different from that of the cluster fracture group(P>0.05). Comparing LSBMD of 3SD, 2SD-3SD fracture group and controls, the 3SD fracture group showed lowest value (P<0.01). But LSBMD of 2SD-3SD fracture group showed no difference with that of controls. Fracture threshold was 0.847gm/cm2 in 90th percentile. The correlation of LSBMD with the sum of normalized height of vertebral bodies, the sum of the deformity ratio of the vertebral body and spinal deformity index were all statistically insignificant.
Bone Density* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; Spine

Camptodactyly is a non-traumatic flexion deformity of the PIP joint of the digit (except thumb) and one of rare congenital anomalies of the hand. It may be a clinical manifestation of some other syndrome and may not be a disease of its own right. It is very difficult for this particular problem to get satisfactory results. We analysed 36 digits of 19 patients, whom we treated and followed up for an average of 1.7 years from 1982 to 1988 at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. The following results were obtained. 1. Male to Female ratio is 8: 11 and age ranged from 14 months to 32 years old. 2. Unilateral and single digit involvement is twice more commonly found than bilateral and multiple digit involvement respectively. 3. Third digit is the most frequently involved one in our series. 4. Besides soft tissue contractures on the volar aspects of the PIP joints, other pathologic findings are thick reddish glistening palmar skin in 6 patients, tendon problems in 4 patients and bone-joint hypoplasia in 1 patient. 5. We have done 3 types of operation, that is, skin graft, flexor tenotomy with skin Z-plasty, extensor reconstruction with flexor tenotomy and skin Z-plasty. The results of operations ranged from good to poor, however most cases showed above fair results at the final follow-up. 6. Camptodactyly seems to be a disease of various etiologies and pathologies. And it is strongly suggested that the treatment of this syndrome should be individualized according to their pathologies found at surgery.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Pathology ; Seoul ; Skin ; Tendons ; Tenotomy ; Transplants

One hundred and forty eight cases of hip fractures experienced in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Seoul National University Hospital were analyzed, and following results were obtained. 1. Femoral neck fractures were 79 cases and trochanteric fractures were 69 cases 2. The most common cause of the hip frsctures was fall-down or slip-down (96 cases-65%). 3. Incidence of the femoral neck fracture was most frequent in the 6th decade, and that of the trochanteric fracture was in the 8th decade. 4. Sex ratio (male: femalein) incidence was 2.9:1 in the age groups before 50 years, and 1:1.8 after 50 years. 5. In classification of the hip fractures, transcervical fracture was most common (74%) in femoral neck fractures. And type 3 & 4 was 57% according to the method of Tronzo in trochanteric fractures. 6. Metals for internal fixation were S-P nail, S-P nail & plate, Knowles pin, Jewett nail, and compression hip screw etc. Especially we performed endoprosthesis frequently in old femoral neck fractures. 7. Significant delayed post-operative complications were head penetrations of the metals (15.5%), avscular necrosis (37.9%), nonunion (15.5%), and varus deformity (20.7%) in femoral neck fractures.
Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur ; Head ; Hip Fractures ; Hip ; Humans ; Incidence ; Metals ; Methods ; Necrosis ; Orthopedics ; Seoul ; Sex Ratio