There is considerable interest in 188Re due to its favorable properties as a therapeutic radionuclide. 188Re and 99mTc act as a matched pair because of their similar chemical properties, and therefore methods of labeling with 99mTc can be applied to the labeling with 188Re. With appropriately chosen agents as carriers of 188Re, the labeling can be readily carried out using 188ReO4- in the presence of a reducing agent. 188Re radio pharmaceuticals based on 99mTc complexes have been synthesized and are currently being studied for clinical use. Some of them are shown to be suitable for therapeutic use and promising for radiotherapy in nuclear medicine.
Nuclear Medicine ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Radiotherapy

No abstract available.
Radiopharmaceuticals*

No abstract available.
Radiopharmaceuticals*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether longitudinal changes in positive and negative symptoms affect cognitive functioning in chronic schizophrenia. METHODS: Sixty-eight patients diagnosed with DSM-IV schizophrenia were examined on two occasions over 6 months for symptoms and cognitive changes. Symptoms were measured by PANSS. Cognitive functions were examined for sustained attention, executive function, concentration and attention, and verbal memory and learning using Degraded Stimulus Continuous Performance Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Digit Span, and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, respectively. Twenty control subjects were assessed to compare the cognitive scores of remitted schizophrenic patients. RESULTS: Patients showed significant improvement in symptoms and all cognitive tests after 6 months treatments. Significant improvements in positive and negative symptoms did not predict improvements in any aspect of cognitive functioning measured. Normal controls performed significantly better than remitted schizophrenic patients on all cognitive tests. The results show no relationship between change in symptoms and change in cognition in chronic schizophrenia. CONCLUSION: We suggest that symptomatic and cognitive impairment may be a distinct construct. These findings highlight the importance of treating cognitive impairment in addition to the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia.
Cognition ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Executive Function ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Learning ; Memory ; Schizophrenia* ; Verbal Learning ; Wisconsin

No abstract available.
Phosphatidylcholines* ; Phospholipases A2* ; Phospholipases*

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors* ; Hypercholesterolemia*

In order to evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in terminally failing hearts, we screened the explanted hearts of transplantation recipients for the presence of HBV DNA and HCV RNA. DNA and RNA extractions were taken from explanted failing hearts (N=7) and normal hearts (N=). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ PCR of HBV or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ RT-PCR of HCV were performed. The positivity of HBV in failing hearts was 63% (17/27) and it was 50% (3/6) in normal hearts in PCR. There was no significant difference in the positivity of HBV DNA between failing and normal hearts. The positivity of HCV in failing hearts was 18.5% (5/27) and it was 16.7% (1/6) in normal hearts in nested RT-PCR. There was no significant difference in the positivity of HCV RNA between failing and normal hearts. HCV was very rarely observed in explanted terminally failing hearts and HBV was frequently found in both explanted failing hearts and normal hearts. We concluded that these viruses have little direct causal relationship with the development of heart failure.
DNA ; Heart Failure ; Heart* ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans* ; Mass Screening* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; RNA

no abstract available.

As modern society becomes increasingly complex, there has been a steady increase in violence, as well as in automobile and industrial accidents. This has resulted in an increased incidence of facial injuries, including mandibular fractures. Many methods have been advocated to achieve reestablishment of normal feature and function. The choice generally depends upon such factors as location of the fractures, displacements, status of the dentition and favorability of the fracture line. Many cases of mandibular fracture are treated by intermaxillay fixation using an arch bar or bite block(acrylic splint)for rapid bone union and minimal displacement. However, there had been some problems, such as discomfort to patients, limitation to eating and weight loss, poor oral hygiene, and temporomandibular joint ankylosis. As a consequence, we have modified the shape of the acrylic splint and method of fixation for circum-mandibular fixation instead of intermaxillary fixation. Acrylic splints are rigid, strong, easily adjusted and repaired, translucent, lightweight and well tolerated by the oral mucosa. The splints are properly secured to each tooth and bind all the teeth together as a single unit. Authors have used modified acrylic splints as tools of circum-mandibular fixation in 12 cases of mandibular symphysis and body fracture from May 1997 to August 1998, achieving the results of very good occlusal relationship, oral hygiene and comfort to patients.
Accidents, Occupational ; Ankylosis ; Automobiles ; Dentition ; Eating ; Facial Injuries ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mandibular Fractures* ; Mouth Mucosa ; Oral Hygiene ; Splints* ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Tooth ; Violence ; Weight Loss

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a systemic disorder with cystic manifestations in the kidneys, liver, pancreas, seminal vesicles, and meninges; its noncystic manifestations affect mostly the vascular, cardiac, and connective tissues. Cardiovascular abnormalities, including mitral and aortic valvular prolapse and regurgitation and annuloaortic ectasia, have been considered important extrarenal manifestations of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. But there were no reports with dilated cardiomyopathy in patients with polycystic kidney disease yet. We have experienced a case of dilated cardiomyopathy that is associated by autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in 40 year old male patient. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed variable sizes of multiple cysts in both kidneys and echocardiography showed the marked dilatation of left ventricle and severely depressed left ventricular systolic function (ejection fraction=19%). He was treated with diuretics intravenously and orally. Then dyspnea and abdominal distension was improved. This is the first case of dilated cardiomyopathy with autosomal dominant polycystic disease in Korea.
Adult ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated* ; Cardiovascular Abnormalities ; Connective Tissue ; Dilatation ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; Diuretics ; Dyspnea ; Echocardiography ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Kidney ; Korea ; Liver ; Male ; Meninges ; Pancreas ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases ; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant* ; Prolapse ; Seminal Vesicles ; Ultrasonography