No abstract available.
Mortality*

Mass casualty disasters have complex communication requirement. The involvement of many different communication systems and agencies and the difficulty of exchanging information between them is a perplexing problem. This may be compounded by telecommunication systems overload or failure, and electric service disruptions in the disaster area. In addition, emergencies are characterized by a sudden need for an increased information flow, an explosion in the topographical complexity of the information network, and a feeling of intense psychological pressure among the participants. The rescue, treatment, evacuation of a lot of patients from a natural disaster or mass casualties must be performed in accordance to several national agencies. Without an effective communication system, morbidity and mortality will needlessly rise. The stabilization and evacuation off lot of patients in a disaster is a serious and complex medical problem that must be resolved expeditiously. The potential far maximizing care depends on an well-organized rescue. However, without adequate communications, the patient may experience needless delays into the health care system an6 thus compromise prognosis. Established communication systems in most communities consist of private services, provincial and national agencies, and military and amateur radio operator. A disaster situation can severely disrupt routine telephone and radio communication. Customary frequencies may be incompatible with military and emergency civilian frequencies or become overloaded and useless because of intense activity. In a disaster, local telephone communication resources may be destroyed: qualified staffing of communications networks may be inadequate or unavailable to cope with the demands of the emergency. So, we recommend, that Amateur Radio should be provide as a effective emergency communication in a disaster.
Delivery of Health Care ; Disasters* ; Emergencies* ; Explosions ; Humans ; Information Services ; Mass Casualty Incidents ; Military Personnel ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Telecommunications ; Telephone

No abstract available.
Fertilization in Vitro* ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone*

No abstract available.
Fertility* ; Humans ; Infertility, Male* ; Male ; Male* ; Sperm Motility* ; Spermatozoa*

The multifactorial etiology of BCC(basal cell carcinoma) are incompletely understood, including factors leading to multiple lesions in some patients. Cases of multiple BCCs reported in the literature have been associated with UV irradiation, inorganic arsenic poisoning, X-ray therapy, hematologic malignancy and several genodermatoses such as nevoid BCC syndrome, albinism, xeroderma pigmentosum. Multiple BCCs presented on the sun-protected areas, lacking predisposing risk factors which have been known, is rare skin condition. However, it suggests that there may be an unknown genetic susceptibility to the development of multiple BCCs. We report a rare case of multiple BCCs, which had developed only on the sun-protected areas in 64-year-old man, without any known predisposing causes.
Albinism ; Arsenic Poisoning ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Skin ; X-Ray Therapy ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum

No abstract available.

Ischemia causes tissue necrosis in a wide variety of pathologic conditions. Permanent deprivation of blood flow is lethal to any tissue and the prudent therapy for ischemia unquestionably is reperfusion. While reperfusion is necessary to reverse the progression towards ischemic death, reperfusion is also thought to be accompanied by its own component of injury. Oxygen free radicals, formed during ischemia/reperfusion, have been proposed as one of the main causes of reperfusion injury. Free radical attacks on biological membrane, such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, and can lead to the oxidative destruction of the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the membranes through lipid peroxidation. However, direct association between microsomal lipid peroxidation in vivo after ischemia/reperfusion and changes in secretory function and drug metabolism on the liver have not been established. Therefore, present study was performed to evaluate the hepatic secretory function and the hepatic microsomal drug metabolizing enzyme activity after ischemia/reperfusion preparation in rat liver. Further, the effect of oxygen free radical scavengers was investigated. The animals were divided into sham operation group and ischemia/reperfusion group. The ischemia/reperfusion group was subdivided into non-treated control and treated (with superoxide dismutase, allopurinol, alpha-tocopherol, deferoxamine) groups. Hepatic ischemia was produced by clamping the left branches of portal vein and hepatic artery, resulting in complete ischemia to the median and left lobes while the right lobes remained per Fused to prevent intestinal congestion. Reperfusion was permitted by declamping after 1 hour. After 1 or 5 hours of reperfusion, bile was collected, blood was obtained from abdominal aorta, and liver microsomes were isolated. The results are as follows. Serum aminotransferase was increased 15~20 times by ischemia/reperfusion. However, this increase was attenuated by free radical scavengers, especially 5 hours of reperfusion. The wet weight-to-dry weight ratio of the liver was significantly increased by ischemia/reperfusion. alpha-tocopherol pretreatment minimized the increase of ratio. Malondialdehyde level in the liver microsomal fraction was significantly increased after ischemia/reperfusion, but this increase was attenuated by scavenger pretreatment, especially alpha-tocopherol. Bile flow and cholate output but not the bilirubin output, were decreased after ischemia/reperfusion. The free radical scavenger pretreahnent restored the secretion significantly. Cytochrome P-450 content was significantly decreased after ischemia/reperfusion and ameliorated by free radical scavenger pretreatment. NADPH cytochrome P-450 reductase activity and aminopyrine N-demethylase activity were also decreased and improved by free radical scavengers pretreatment. These results indicate that ischemia/reperfusion deteriorates the hepatic secretory function as well as hepatic microsomal drug metabolizing enzyme activity, and the oxygen free radical scavengers attenuate the functional changes of the liver induced by ischemia/reperfusion.
Allopurinol ; alpha-Tocopherol ; Aminopyrine N-Demethylase ; Animals ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Bile ; Bilirubin ; Cholates ; Constriction ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Free Radical Scavengers ; Free Radicals ; Hepatic Artery ; Ischemia ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Liver ; Malondialdehyde ; Membranes ; Metabolism* ; Microsomes, Liver ; Mitochondria ; NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase ; Necrosis ; Oxygen ; Portal Vein ; Rats* ; Reperfusion ; Reperfusion Injury ; Superoxide Dismutase

No abstract available.
Animals ; Embryonic Structures* ; Freezing* ; Mice* ; Sucrose*

No abstract available.
Quality of Life*

No abstract available.
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural* ; Stellate Ganglion*