The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of food habits on blood components level(blood glucose, uric acid, hemoglobin, some lipids levels) and health condition in Taejon. The study was conducted with 250 subjects (male 130, female120) who cisited in a general hospital from May to June in 1997. Questionaires were used for food habits. The data were analyzed by using chi-square-test, t-test, ANOVA and multiple range test. Reuults were summerized s follow ; mean of Broca Index were 110.0+/-13.7% in male, 110.6+/-16.6% in female. Mean values of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were 130.9+/-17.6mmHg, 76.2+/-12.6mmHg, respectively. The systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in man than woman, Mean serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels were 202.8+/-0.2, 121.1+/-5.5, 50.3+/-2.9, 157.1+/-12.6mg/dl, repectively. Triglyceride level was significantly higher in man than woman. But HDL-cholesterol was significantly lower in man than woman. And also, the value of LPH and AI were higher in man. So Man has more risk of atherogenesis than woman. Mean values of blood sugar, uric acid and hemoglobin was 102.7+/-.36mg/dl and 14.1+/-.56g/dl were higher in man than woman except blood sugar. Food habit of woman were better than it of man. The levels of education and income did not affect to food habit score. The most problem of habits were intake od salty food and lack of exercise. The intake of nutrients were higher as food habit score was higher. Intakes of energy, Ca, vitamin A and vitamin B1 were lower htan RDa's of nutrients in bad food habit group. This result did not show that blood components level and health condition were significantly different by food habits. But Broca Index and triglyceride levels were higher in bad food habit group than other groups, but not statistically significant. By this result, it is more needed food habit education to man and yong people. The education of food habits will include the real methods of weight control, low intak of salt and exercise to bad food habit group.
Atherosclerosis ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Daejeon ; Education ; Female ; Food Habits* ; Glucose ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Male ; Thiamine ; Triglycerides ; Uric Acid ; Vitamin A

Bethanechol, a cholinergic agonist, has been recommended for the management of peripheral anticholinergic side effects during the treatment of antipsychotic medications. But there have been few studies which have evaluated the drug interactions of antipsychotics and bethanechol, even the treatment effects of bethanechol on anticholinergic side effects. So the authors have evaluated whether psychopathology and plasma haloperidol and reduced haloperidol concentrations are significantly changed or not when bethanechol was administrated with maintained doses of haloperidol and other coadministrated drugs(such a benztropine). Also we have evaluated the abating effects of bethanechol on anticholinergic side effects during the treatment with haloperidol. Fifteen schizophrenics with higher than 5 of total score of anticholinergic side effects of 'Rating scale for side effect' were assigned to two groups, and bethanechol 30mg/day and 60mg/day were applied on each group for 4 weeks. The daily haloperidol dosages were fixed before 2 weeks of study. We assessed anticholinergic side effects by 'Rating scale for side effect' and psychopathology by BPRS, and plasma haloperidol and reduced haloperidol concentrations by HPLC at baseline, 2nd week and 4th week. The results were as followed. 1) There was no significant change of plasma haloperidol and reduced haloperidol concentration. 2) At baseline, the dosage of haloperidol showed significant correlation with the total score of anticholinergic side effect, but not at 2nd week and 4th week. 3) In 60mg/day group, dry mouth and the total score of anticholinergic side effects were significantly improved, but not in 30mg/day group. 4) There was no significant change of BPRS except withdrawal at 2nd week. These results suggest that coadministration of bethanechol influenced neither on psychopathology nor on plasma haloperidol and reduced haloperidol concentrations and that improved dry mouth and total score of anticholinergic side effects at 60mg/day.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Bethanechol* ; Cholinergic Agonists ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Interactions ; Haloperidol* ; Mouth ; Plasma* ; Psychopathology ; Schizophrenia

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to evaluate bethanechol's efficacy in urinary difficulty, constipation, dry mouth and blurred vision and to evaluate the bethanechol's effect on psychopathology. METHODS: Thirty-two schizophrenic patients who have been treated with antipsychotics and the total score of anticholinergic side effect of 'Rating scale for side effect (no symptom ; 0, severe ; 3)' is above 5 were assigned to three group(controlled group, bethanechol 30 mg/day group, 60 mg/day group). These patients were entered on 6 weeks open trial. Anticholinergic side effects were assessed by 'Rating scale for side effect' and psychopathology by BPRS at base, 2nd week & 4th week. After 4weeks administration of bethanechol, 30 mg/day group was increase to 60 mg/day and 60 mg/day group was decreased to 30 mg/day for 2 weeks for evaluation of dose difference. And then anticholinergic side effects were reassessed at 6th week. RESULTS: There were significant correlations between blurred vision and age. There were no significant improvement of anticholinergic side effect in placebo group but significant improvement of urinary difficulty and dry mouth in 30 mg/day group and significant improvement of urinary difficulty, constipation and dry mouth in 60 mg/day group at 4th week evaluation. In the case dose up(bethanechol 30 mg/day to 60 mg/day) for 2 weeks, dry mouth was more improved. In the case of dose down (60 mg/day to 30 mg/day), the improvements of urinary difficulty and dry mouth were sustained but constipation was aggravated. There were no BPRS changes by bethanechol administration. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that more than 30 mg/day of bethanechol made improvements in urinary difficulty, constipation, dry mouth, when the total score of Anticholinergic side effect of 'Rating scale for side effect (no symptom ; 0, severe ; 3)' is above 5, although 60 mg/day of bethanechol was more effective than 30 mg/day. Moreover bethanechol administration does not influence psychopathology.
Antipsychotic Agents* ; Bethanechol* ; Constipation ; Humans ; Mouth ; Psychopathology

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We performed a retrospective study to elucidate the frequency of tachycardia mechanisms and the characteristics of accessory pathways (APs), confirmed by radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in pediatric tachycardia. In addition, we analyzed the efficacy and safety of pediatric RFCA. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of a total of 260 patients (aged 2 to 18 years) who had undergone RFCA between August 1993 and July 2011 at two medical centers in Daegu. RESULTS: Two hundred and sixty patients underwent 272 RFCAs at less than 18 years of age. Of these 260 patients, 9 patients (3%) were younger than 6 years, and 175 patients (67%) were older than 12 years. The tachycardia mechanisms observed were atrioventricular reentry tachycardia (AVRT) in 175 patients (65%), atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) in 83 patients (30%), ventricular tachycardia in 12 patients (4%), and atrial tachycardia in 2 patients (0.7%). Among the patients with AVRT, there were 94 concealed APs and 81 manifest APs. Left-side APs were more common in concealed APs than in manifest APs (72/94, 77% vs. 33/81, 41%, p<0.001). Sixty-six percent (55/83) of AVNRT cases were located at the M1 and/or M2 sites. Four patients had multiple tachycardia mechanisms (AVNRT+AVRT) and 9 patients had multiple APs. The recurrence rate was 5% (13/272). Of these recurrent cases, 12 patients had AVRT. The overall success rate was 95%. CONCLUSION: Pediatric RFCA provides a good success rate and an acceptable recurrence. In addition, we suggest that the APs location may be associated with concealed or manifest property of APs.
Catheter Ablation ; Catheters ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Tachycardia ; Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular ; Tachycardia, Ventricular

PURPOSE: The 2005 guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) caution that effective compression is essential (Class I) and chest compression (CC) by rescuers should be switched every 2 minutes to avoid rescuer's fatigue. It is controversial how long effective CC by a single individual can be provided. There are few reports about CPR quality, especially when rescuers perform CC for more than 10 minutes. The mean CPR period was about 30 minutes in Korea. We investigated the quality of CC and rescuer's fatigue after about 30 minutes. METHODS: From April 2009 to July 2009, health care providers (HCPs) were recruited into this study. The study simulated 2 person, in-hospital CPR. On the test day, which had been randomly assigned, each participant performed 7 CCs for about 30 minutes. The period of each CC was 2 minutes, and the period of each circulation check was 5 seconds. Participants' heart rates (HR) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for fatigue were obtained before and after each CC. Data for each 2 minutes CC was obtained with the use of Resusci Anne(R) with the Laerdal(R) PC skill reporting system. We used one-way repeated measures ANOVA for comparison of quality and fatigue of each CC and multiple linear regression for finding the predictors for correct CC. SPSS 17.0 was used for analysis. RESULTS: Among a total of 30 HCPs, data from 27 were analyzed. All participants were certified as a BLS provider and some were certified as BLS instructors. The rate of effective compression was 83.8+/-24.3%. Despite 2 min CC tasks were repeated alternatively for about 30 minutes, there were no differences in the number of correct CCs, depth and velocity of compression, and the number of incorrect CCs. CONCLUSION: During in-hospital CPR, HCPs may provide effective chest compressions on shifts with minimal effect of fatigue, even if they provide CC for 30 minutes.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Fatigue ; Health Personnel ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Korea ; Linear Models ; Manikins ; Thorax

Fungal balls consist of rounded conglomerates of fungal mycelia, which can form within a preexisting cavity. They are mostly found in the paranasal sinuses in the head and neck regions. Cholesterol granuloma is a fibrotic lesion that develops as a tissue response to a foreign body such as cholesterol crystals or hemosiderin and is often associated with chronic otitis media. We present the unusual case of a 62-year-old male who was treated for chronic otitis media, which was histologically confirmed as a fungal ball and cholesterol granuloma in the middle ear cavity following tympanomastoidectomy. This is the first reported case of synchronous fungal ball and cholesterol granuloma in the middle ear cavity.

IgA nephropathy is the most common form of glomerulonephritis characterized by deposit of IgA on mesangium. We experienced an elderly patient who was admitted for generalized edema, and diagnosed IgA nephropathy and early gastric cancer concomittantly. It has been reported that the incidence of nephrotic syndrome combined with malignancy increases with aging. Moreover, close relationship between IgA nephropathy and malignancy has been reported especially in the elderly patient. So, active investigations for possible malignancy are required in case of elderly patient with IgA nephropathy. In this case, we found improved proteinuria and hematuria of the patient after tumor resection during following up. This case suggest causal association between early gastric cancer and IgA nephropathy clinically.
Aged* ; Aging ; Delirium ; Depression ; Edema ; Glomerulonephritis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Incidence ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Proteinuria ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Double primary cancer of the stomach and esophagus has been revealed a very low incidence in the world except Japan and reported only 6 cases in Korea. Furthermore, it is difficult to manage this type of double cancer because esophageal cancer has a biologic tendency to early metastasis. This paper is concerned with a case of double primary cancer, which we have synchroniously confi~rmed esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma with gastrofiberscopic biopsy, and then treated them by radical resec tion and systemic chemotherapy.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Drug Therapy* ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagus ; Incidence ; Japan ; Korea ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach Neoplasms

PURPOSE: We investigated the expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), VIP receptor 1 (VPAC1), VIP receptor 2 (VPAC2) genes in the human umbilical cord blood CD34 cells, and the ability of VIP to stimulate human primitive as well as monopotent hematopoietic progenitors. METHODS: We isolated RNA from umbilical cord blood CD34 cells, and then performed RT-PCR, and sequencing. The umbilical cord blood CD34 cells were cultured with the various concentrations of VIP for burst-forming unit of erythrocyte (BFU-E), colony-forming unit of granulocyte/monocyte (CFU-GM), colony-forming unit of graulocyte/erythrocyte/monocyte/megakaryocyte (CFU-GEMM), and colony-forming unit of megakaryocyte (CFU-Mk). RESULTS: The RNA coding for VPAC1 was detected in human umbilical cord blood CD34 cells. VIP significantly stimulated the growth of CFU-GEMM and CFU-Mk. CONCLUSION: The present results suggest that VIP is an important neuropeptide in the early proliferation of human primitive as well as megakaryocyte progenitors.
Clinical Coding ; Erythrocytes ; Fetal Blood* ; Humans ; Megakaryocyte Progenitor Cells ; Megakaryocytes ; Myeloid Progenitor Cells ; Neuropeptides ; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ; RNA ; Stem Cells ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide*

BACKGROUND: We consider that heart failure in elderly and Chronic renal failure patients is closely related to LV diastolic dysfunction. To determine the association between LV diastolic functions and heart failure, we assessed LV diastolic functions in elderly patients with pulmonary congestion and in Chronic renal failure patients by using pulsed doppler echocardiography. METHODS: In order to assess LV diastolic function, we performed pulsed doppler echocardiography on elderly patients with pulmonary congestion and Chronic Renal Failure patients from Nov; 2000 to June; 2001. The following parameters were used as indices of LV diastolic function; Mitral E wave(E), Mitral A wave(A), F/A ratio, Deceleration time(DT), Isovolumic relaxation time(IVRT), Systolic pulmonary venous flow(PVs), Diastolic pulmonary venous flow(PVd), PVs/PVd ratio. RESULTS: In elderly patients groups with pulmonary congestion, there was significant decreased in E/A ratio compared with CRF patients(0.693+/-0.18 vs 0.905+/-0.116, p<0.01). There was significant increase in deceleration time and isovolumic relaxation time in elderly patients with pulmonary congestion compared with CRF patients(DT 255.83+/-54.41 vs 210.80+/-48.53 p<0.05, IVRT; 123.06+/-26.07 vs 98.75+/-15.12, p<0.01). Although there was no significant difference, increased PVs/PVd ratio was noted in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results shows that the impairments of LV diastolic function were noted in both groups. Especially F/A ratio was significant decreased elderly patient group with pulmonary congestion and DT, IVRT were significant increase in elderly patient group with pulmonary congestion. Therefore Left ventricular relaxation is progressively impaired in old age and impaired LV relaxation results in in LV diastolic dysfunction But LV hypertrophy in ESRD patients results in LV diastolic dysfunction.
Aged* ; Deceleration ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Relaxation