Based on my 40-years of experience as a physiatrist and health economist, I present several health economics and policy perspectives along with some basic knowledge requisite for rehabilitation professionals as follows : (1) There are two economic theories or schools concerning the role of health care in society. (2) It is crucial to correctly understand the concept of “ efficiency” ; efficiency in itself does not necessarily mean health care cost containment. (3) There are several basic methods to measure health efficiency ; the most practical one is cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA). (4) The cost of community-based long-term care is not necessarily cheaper than institutional care. (5) We must differentiate “long-term perspective” from “short-term perspective” when we evaluate the efficiency of health care and rehabilitation services.

Health Care Reform ; Self ; Health

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Neuroblastoma*

Prolapse of the bladder is a rather unusual occurrence and only comparatively few cases have been reported in the literature. A case of prolapse of the bladder through the urethra occurred in a 9-month-old girl was presented. In this case, the bladder was protruded through the urethra probably due to straining following diarrhea and formed an egg-sized prolapsed mass outside the urethra. The literatures were briefly reviewed.
Diarrhea ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Prolapse* ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder*

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Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Heart Failure* ; Humans