No abstract available.
Extremities*

No abstract available in English.
Child ; Humans ; Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease ; Plasma ; Somatomedins

No abstract available.
Delivery of Health Care*

This study was conducted to identify physical, psychological and environmental factors affecting elderly falls and to identify fall frequencies according to each dwelling places and types and to provide basic data for developing preventive strategies following fall accident of the elderly. The research design was a reprospective survey study which analyzed fall experiences during the past year. Data was collected from Nov, 1997 to Mar, 1998 for four months by personal interview. The research subjects were 475 people over 65 years old, who dwelled in their homes, two free nursing homes, one elderly sanatorium town and five general hospitals. Research results were as follow ; The mean age of the subjects was 73.1 years. Of the subjects, 69.9% was female, 64% was separate or bereaved, 55.8% had no education, 34.7% had no religion, 43.1% was extreme poverty. 73.1% of the elderly dwelled in their homes and 20% of the subjects were living at fishing and agraian villages. Mean number of diseases per subject was 2.63 of which musculo-skeletal problem was most common. Elderlies who experienced falls were 48.2%, 55.9% of them had fallen once a year. The most frequent fall occurrence time was from noon to 3 pm, the season was winter and the fall places were outdoors. Highest fall cause was sliding. 60.6% of the injuries were minor, 14.2% were serious( fracture, dislocation, amputation or head injuries ), which were treated by hospitalization or surgery. Especially most house facilities had potential risk factors of the fall. There were no handrail, slippy surface and narrow space of the bathrooms, high door sill and dangerous stairs etc. There were significant differences on the presence of falls in the elderly according to sex, education level, number of diseases, use of brace and living together with children. There were significant differences on the presence of the falls in the elderly according to toilet type, presence of threshold and stairs, surface of bathroom, depression level, cognitive function and ADL ability. Variables which affected ADL ability of the elderly were age, house type, self-rating health status and gait ability. Variables which affected depression of the elderly were age, religion, education level, marital status, living together with children, self-rating health status and number of diseases. Variables which affected cognitive function of the elderly were religion, age and house type. In conclusion, this study showed various physical, psychological and environmental fall risk factors of the elderly. So there is a need to development suitable intervention programs to reduce risk factors, to make elderly life sage and to increase the quality of their life.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged* ; Amputation ; Braces ; Child ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Depression ; Dislocations ; Education ; Female ; Gait ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Nursing Homes ; Poverty ; Research Design ; Research Subjects ; Risk Factors ; Seasons

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of social support on loneliness and life satisfaction in elderly Korean Immigrants living in the U.S.A. The sample consisted of 174 community-dwelling elderly Korean Immigrants who lived in a large Midwestern city area. Telephone interviews were used to collect the data using translated Korean version of the Social Support Questionnaire 6, Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Index-Z. A descriptive level correlational design was used in this study. Results indicated that the subjects had on the average of two to three emotional supporters. The mean score of social support satisfaction was between fairly and a little satisfaction on the scale. The mean score of loneliness was 42.60, indicating that the subjects were moderately lonely. the mean score of life satisfaction was 12.94, indicating that the subjects were moderately satisfied with their life. In this study, social support variables( network size and satisfaction ) had both a direct effect on life satisfaction and an indirect effect through loneliness. Elderly Korean immigrants who had the large number of people in their network were less lonely and thus more satisfied with their life than those who had the small number of people in their network. also, elderly Koreans who were more satisfied with social support were less lonely and thus more satisfied with their life than those who were less satisfied with social support. Social support satisfaction was a better predictor for loneliness and life satisfaction than social network size.
Aged* ; Emigrants and Immigrants* ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Loneliness* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Calcium* ; Coronary Vessels*

No abstract available.
Humans

The temperature-corrected values of blood gas analysis were compared to uncorrected values in 40 cases of open heart surgery under moderate hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. The results were as follows. 1. The corrected value of pH was significantly higher than uncorrected value, and it's relationship was ΔpH=-0.015 ΔTemp+0.005 (r=0.81, P<0.01). 2. The corrected value of PCO₂ was lower than uncorrected value, and it's relationship was ΔPCO₂=1.11 ΔTemp+1.81 (r=0.50, P<0.01). 3. The corrected value of PO₂ was lower than uncorrected value, and it's relationship was ΔPO₂=5.21 ΔTemp-1.45 (r=0.32, P<0.01). But there was no clinical significance. 4. The corrected values of HCO₃-, base excess, CO₂ content and oxygen saturation were similar with uncorrected values. In summary, the values of pH and PCO₂ were significantly changed by temperature-correction. Because of the neutral point of water (pH=pOH) rise as temperature falls and it change in parallel with the changes in blood pH, a corrected pH of 7.4, PaCO₂ of 40 mmHg during deep hypothermia would reflect a profound respiratory acidosis. Therefore, the use of the uncorrected value at 37℃ is more preferable and valid means of assessing acid-base management regardless of actual patient temperature.
Accidental Falls ; Acidosis, Respiratory ; Blood Gas Analysis* ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypothermia ; Oxygen ; Thoracic Surgery ; Water