PURPOSE: We intended to analyze the characteristics of a pediatric low vision population. METHODS: Among 430 patients who visited our low vision clinic from May 1995 to April 2000, 137 patients(31.9%) aged 15 years or less were reviewed to study epidemiologic characteristics, prescribed aids and required magnification. RESULTS: The percentage of pediatric low vision patients was higher than that of developed countries. Male predominance was found. Optic atrophy(41.6%), congenital cataract(12.4%), macular degeneration and dystrophy(9.5%) were the major causes of low vision in this population. The most commonly prescribed low vision aid was a telescope. For near task, light-gathering magnifiers were prescribed most commonly. The visual acuity was improved significantly at near and far distance after correction with low vision aid. The mean required magnification was 3.5 xand this means that a low magnification was sufficient in the majority of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Early rehabilitation and long-range planning for the low vision child are required because of profound effect of childhood visual impairment.
Child ; Developed Countries ; Humans ; Macular Degeneration ; Male ; Optic Atrophy ; Rehabilitation ; Telescopes ; Vision Disorders ; Vision, Low* ; Visual Acuity

The main purpose of this study is to identify nursing needs of parents who have hospitalized child. Research design is a descriptive survey. The subjects for the study were 79 parents who have hospitalized child at a pediatric ward of one of the general hospital attached to a university in J city. The data was collected by researchers using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was Liken type 5 point scale, composed of 5 categories with 61 items. The data was analyzed by SPSS/PC. The results of the study were as follows : 1) Mean score of nursing needs of subjects were 3.93 at 2nd day of admission and 3.99 at 7th day of ad mission. 2) Among the categories, the highest nursing need at the 2nd day and 7th day of admission was 'direct nursing', in desending order, 'facilities and environment', 'education and counseling', 'nursing assessment'. The lowest nursing need was 'reference'. 3) Differences between the nursing needs of subjects at 2nd day and 7th day were as follows ; (1) By categories, there was a significant difference only in the 'reference' category(t=2.74, P=.008). (2) By items, there were significant differences in items of 'to check necessary materials(t=2.31, P=.024)', 'to understand family function and family relationship(t=2.12. P=.041), 'to set up study room(t=2.22, P=.030)', and 'to mediate parent's meeting group(t=3.89, P=.000)'. The above result indicated that nursing needs of parents with hospitalized child were above average, especially very high in items about disease process, and items directly associated with treatment and nursing care. So, nurses have to focus on information about the patient's state of disease, treatment, test and procedure, and in efficiently giving direct nursing care to implement more effective care for the hospitalized children and their parents. And some future research is needed to identify the difference of degree of nursing needs of parents with hospitalized child according to admission duration using a different sample and a longer sampling interval.
Child ; Child, Hospitalized* ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Missions and Missionaries ; Nursing Care ; Nursing* ; Parents* ; Research Design ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Tuberculosis, Miliary*

No abstract available.
Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Pulmonary Embolism*

The purpose of the study was to explore the effect of 2 hour infusion of vancomycin(1g) in 200ml of isotonic saline every 12 hour on the frequency of "red man syndrome", phlebitis and length of peripheral catheter placement of infected patients, in order to provide safe infusion method for reducing vancomycin-induced RMS and phlebitis. The subjects of the study consisted of 16 hospitalized patients; 3 oncology and gastro-intestinal patients, 1 neurological patient, 6 thoracic surgical patients and 6 orthopedic patients, who had received vancomycin from July to October in 1999 at S-hospital. The dependent variables were the incidence of RMS, phlebitis and the length of peripheral catheter placement. The incidence of RMS was checked by an inspector at the first night whenever the infusion method of vancomycin was changed. RMS was observed every 15 minutes during an hour for symptoms of RMS such as itching, erythema, chest pain and systolic blood pressure. Incidence of phlebitis was assessed by inspector twice a day from the insertion of peripheral catheter to the removal of the catheter. The data were analyzed by percentage, mean, X2-test, t-test, repeated ANOVA, and logistic regression analysis using the SPSSWIN program. The results are summarized as follows; 1. No significant difference was identified in frequency of RMS between the experimental group and control group. 2. There was no significant difference in the change of systolic blood pressure as the time goes on between the experimental group and control group. 3. The incidence of phlebitis was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group. 4. The length of peripheral catheter placement was significantly longer in the experimental group than in the control group. 5. Other drugs administrated with vancomycin didn't influence the occurrence of phlebitis. However, the infusion method of vancomycin influenced the occurrence of phlebitis. The results suggest that 2 hour infusion of vancomycin(1g) in 200ml of isotonic saline every 12 hours may decrease the incidence of phlebitis and increase the length of peripheral catheter placement compared to 1 hour infusion of vancomycin(1g) in 100ml of isotonic saline every 12 hours. However, it does not reduce the incidence of RMS.
Blood Pressure ; Catheters* ; Chest Pain ; Erythema ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Logistic Models ; Orthopedics ; Phlebitis ; Pruritus ; Vancomycin*

PURPOSE: The objective of this phenomenological study was to explore nursing students' emotional experiences in the school life. METHODS: Twenty-four nursing students participated in the study. Data were collected from May 2017 to February 2018 using focus group interviews and later analyzed using the Colaizzi's method. RESULTS: In our study, 311 meanings were obtained from the participants, including 19 sub-themes and seven theme clusters. The seven theme clusters were; ‘looking back on the past,’ ‘face to reality,’ ‘recognizing me,’ ‘anxiety about uncertainty,’ ‘nursing student's way,’ ‘looking around,’ and ‘patting for my mind.’ The emotional experiences of nursing students in college life were classified into four categories: ‘self-reflection for growth,’ ‘discovery for growth,’ ‘hoping for growth,’ and ‘search for the growth.’ CONCLUSION: Although nursing students may be equally exposed to anxious and stressful situations, their activities, adaptability and levels of achievement vary depending on emotional experiences of each person. Considering the continuous curriculum of nursing, it is necessary to develop emotional management strategies and relevant training programs considering different types and levels of emotional issues for the nursing students.
Curriculum ; Education ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Methods ; Nursing ; Qualitative Research ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: This descriptive study was conducted to identify the effects of hospital organizational culture and work environment on nurses' intent to stay at work. METHODS: Participants of this study were 234 nurses who have worked at a local general hospital in the Chungcheong province for at least 6 months. The data were collected from July 17 to 28, 2017, using self-reported questionnaires and analyzed with multiple regression using SPSS version 22.0. RESULTS: Clinical experience (β=.38, p<.001), institutional support (β=.33, p<.001), and relation-oriented culture (β=.24, p<.001) affected intent to stay at work among nurses. These variables accounted for 34.8% of the variance in intent to stay at work among nurses. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the effects of the work environment and organizational culture on nurses' intent to stay at work. Efforts for improving the work environment and organizational culture need for retaining nurses in a hospital. We suggest further research to identify the other factors associated with intent to stay at work among nurses.
Hospitals, General ; Intention ; Organizational Culture

The introduction of detachable coils in treating cerebral aneurysm patients has revolutionized the management of this disease in the past 15 years. The advancement of imaging resolution and the use of three dimensional imaging not only with catheterized conventional angiography, but also with CTA and MRA have enabled a more thorough evaluation and accurate diagnosis of cerebral aneurysms prior to intervention and has also aided in the treatment process. Therefore, it is essential to organize past studies and create an up to date general diagnostic guideline.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Ruptured* ; Angiography ; Catheters ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to review our recent experiences with deep neck abscesses in children and adolescents and to provide helpful information in treatment and diagnosis by comparing them with those in other available literatures. METHODS: Medical records of 36 children and adolescents admitted for deep neck abscess at two hospitals from January 2000 to October 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Male to female ratio was 1.4 : 1 and the mean age was 6.5 years. Painful neck swelling and fever were the most frequent symptoms in patients under thirteen years of age whereas trismus and headache were frequent symptoms in patients over fourteen years of age. Submandibular space was the most common site of deep neck abscess in patients under thirteen years of age, whereas peritonsillar space was the most common site in patients over fourteen years of age. The results of bacterial cultures were positive in 61.5% of drained cases. Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly identified bacteria in 6 patients (37.5%) and 5 of them were under 2 years of age. Twenty six patients received surgical drainage while the others were treated with antibiotics only. There were no statistically significant differences in the durations of admission, fever after admission, and antibiotic treatment between surgical and medical treatment groups. CONCLUSION: The common sites of deep neck abscess, associated symptoms, and causative organisms were different between children and adolescents. As there were no differences in durations of admission, fever, or antibiotics treatments between surgical and medical treatment groups, surgical drainage may be avoided by early recognition and suspicion. However, if there is no improvement of symptoms or size of abscesses within 48-72 hours of antibiotic treatment, surgical drainage should be considered.
Abscess ; Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Child ; Drainage ; Female ; Fever ; Headache ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Records ; Neck ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Trismus

No abstract available.
Female ; Meigs Syndrome*