This erratum is being published to correct of Table 3 and page 1149.

PURPOSE: To evaluate surface configuration of intervertebral disc on three dimensional CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three dimensional surface images reconstructed from CTscans(1 mm thick) of 20discs in 14 healthy adults were reviewed. Disc surface was classified into peripheral and central zones in contact with consecutive peripheral ring and central endplate. Local irregularity incidence, pattern in radial, concentric, or mixed form, size, location, and extension were observed. Incidence and severity ranges in 4 grades of general irregularity, and peripheral width relative to central radius were evaluated. RESULTS: Normal disc mostly showed smooth surface with few display of small local irregularity(6/20) which was mainly radial in pattern(4/5), posterolaterally located(4/6), and confined within peripheral zone(5/6). General irregularity displayed(5/20) was all grade I and peripheral width was 0.82 of central radius. CONCLUSION: Normal disc shows smooth surface but few may display small local irregularity maybe due to very early degenerative change.
Adult ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intervertebral Disc* ; Radius

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Neuroendocrine Cells*

No abstract available.
Liver*

A case of acquired lymphangioma was reported and the literature was reviewed. The patient was 28 yeara old pregnant woman at 7 months gestation who develo- ped multiple white-gray tense vesicles measuring 2-4mm in diameter on bilateral major labia following lymphedema of the lower extremities due to tubercuIous inguinal lymphadenitis.
Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Lymphadenitis ; Lymphangioma* ; Lymphedema ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation

The cystic lesions within the knee joint are rare, contrary to those located around the knee. They usually are eniscal or ganglion cyst, reported in association with the joint capsule of the knee or the menisci and close to the peroneal tendons. The intraarticular ganglion cyst arising from the cruciate ligaments are rare and cause pain, effusion and limitation of the knee joint. We report (he case of a patient with right knee joint pain caused hy an intraarticular ganglion cyst arising from the posterior cruciate ligament with review of reference.
Ganglion Cysts* ; Humans ; Joint Capsule ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Ligaments ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Tendons

Selective infusion of the epinephrine into the renal artery has been used in the field fo the diagnostic andthe therapeutic radiology for correct diagnosis and effective treatment, respectively. However, administration ofoverdose of epinephrine may cause serious complication, renal infarction. The study was undertaken to evaluate thesequential change of renal arterial constrictive effect of selective infusion of epinephrine into renal artery andto determine the critical doses of epinephrine producing irreversible renal infarct. A total of 25 rabbits areused, which are devided into 5 groups. Under the general anesthesia is made the selective infusion of variousdoses of epinephrine into the right renal arter of the rabbits. At the various time interval during and after theepinephrine infusion, renal angiography was doen, and 24 hrs. later, gross and microscopic findings of the kidneywere observed. The results are as follows; 1. Vasoconstriction of renal artery occurred within 2 mins. infusion,and maximum effect within 5 mins. 2. It seems that there is correlation between the amount of infused epinephrineand the time taken to recover from constiction of renal artery. 3. When epinephrine is infused into the renalartery in the rate of 1ug/min., renal infarct is not noticed below the level of 10 mins., but correlation betweenthe amount of infused epinephrine and the frequency of renal infarct occures above 20 mins. infusion.
Anesthesia, General ; Angiography ; Diagnosis ; Epinephrine ; Infarction ; Rabbits ; Radiation Oncology ; Renal Artery ; Vasoconstriction

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors influencing quality of life (QOL) in liver transplant recipients. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 103 liver recipients who received their follow-up more than 3 months after liver transplantation at one general hospital in Seoul. A questionnaire survey was perfomed from September 1, 2012 to September 30, 2012. QOL and factors were evaluated using SF-36, Transplant Symptom Distress Scale and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. RESULTS: Symptom distress, work change after transplant, duration after transplant were significant factors influencing QOL (Cum R2=0.39, F=19.34, P<0.001). Symptom distress was the most important factors related QOL. There were significant differences in QOL according to general characteristics such as education (t=2.16, P=0.033), work change after transplant (t=3.67, P=0.000), duration after transplant (t=2.25, P=0.027), and economic status (t=3.08, P=0.027). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, symptom distress had an influence on the QOL of liver transplant recipients. Thus, it is necessary to develop interventions for symptom distress to improve the QOL of liver transplant recipients.
Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitals, General ; Liver ; Liver Transplantation ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Transplants

Experiments were conducted to define the optimal constituents of culture medium and atmospheric condition for growth of Campylobacter pylori. Two clinical isolates were streaked onto various media, incubated in two different atmospheric conditions (microaerophilic condition and carbon dioxide incubator), and growth was assessed semiquantitatively according to relative colony size and extent of growth through the streak. The growth obtained on Campy media, composed of GC agar base plus 1% hemoglobin, 0.2% activated charcoal, 1% IsoVitaleX, vancomycin 6mg /L nalidixic acid 20mg/L and amphotercin 2 mg/L, was used as reference. Our conclusions were as follows: Tryptic soy agar base was not acceptable for the growth of C. pylori. The organism grew in both atmospheric conditions, but generally showed a scantier growth in the carbon dioxide incubator than under the microaerophilic condition, however GC agar containing 1% hemoglobin and 0.2% activated charcoal supported well the growth of C. pylori in the carbon dioxide incubator. The authors have found that the GC agar base supplemented with 1% hemoglobin and 0.2% charcoal was the most satisfactory medium and a microaerophilic condition was optimal atmospheric condition for the growth of Campylobacter pylori in this study.
Agar ; Biopsy* ; Campylobacter* ; Carbon Dioxide ; Charcoal ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Incubators ; Nalidixic Acid ; Vancomycin

The objective of this study was to evaluate and improve the microbiological quality of HACCP application in school foodservice operations. The microbiological quality of foods and utensils were evaluated two times at each critical control point (CCP) with 3M petrifilm in five Daegu elementary schools. Two processes were evaluated: Heating process and after-heating process. The CCPs of the heating process were receiving, cooking and serving temperatures. The CCPs of the after-heating process were personal hygiene, cross contamination avoidance and serving temperature. After the first experiment, 31 employees of five schools were classroom educated, trained on-site, and pre- and post-tested on HACCP-based sanitation with the goal of improving the microbiological quality of the foodservice. Scores representing knowledge of holding, thawing, washing, food temperature, sanitizing and food-borne illness increased after education. In the heating process, internal food temperatures in the first and second experiments were higher than 74 degrees C, the holding temperature in the first experiment was less than 60 degrees C. In the second experiment, the serving temperature improved to a satisfactory level. The microbiological quality in the second experiment improved by decreasing the time from cooking to serving. In the after-heating process, the ingredients were boiled before being cut in the first experiment. In the second experiment, ingredients were cut before being boiled, improving microbiological quality. Also in the second experiment, cooking just before serving food improved its microbiological quality through time-temperature control. These results strongly suggest it is essential to measure microbiological quality regularly and to educate employees on HACCP continuously, especially time-temperature control and cross contamination avoidance in order to improve foodservice quality.
Cooking ; Daegu ; Education ; Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points* ; Heating* ; Hot Temperature* ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Sanitation