No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Hodgkin Disease*

Intramedullary spinal cord metastases (ISCM) account for only 3.4% of symptomatic metastases to the spinal cord. The survival of patients with ISCM is characteristically short, often no longer than 2 months, due to a rapid neurologic deterioration and the presence of widespread metastases, including metastases to the brain. We report two cases of ISCM arising from primary sphenoid sinus carcinoma and primary lung cancer along with a review of the literature. The case of ISCM from the primary sphenoid sinus is the third case of secondary syringomyelia due to ISCM in the world literature, and ISCM from the primary lung cancer is the first case reported in Korea. One case showed a slow progression of symptoms and a longer survival (26 months after the radiotherapy to the spine), and the other showed a rapid deterioration of symptoms with a shorter survival. More effective palliation can be achieved if the disease is diagnosed at an early stage when the neurologic deficits are still reversible.
Brain ; Humans ; Korea ; Lung Neoplasms ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Radiotherapy ; Sphenoid Sinus ; Spinal Cord* ; Syringomyelia

Estrogen receptor(ER) is a soluble form of hormone receptor protein which is located in the nucleus and cytoplasm of a cell is found in 60% of cases of the cells of breast carcinoma. Fifty to sixty percent of ER positive breast carcinoma responds to antihormone therapy wheres the response rate is only 5% in ER negative tumors. Currently, the ER assay has become a standard index in the management and prediction of the prognosis of advanced breast carcinoma. Semiquantitative biochemical assay, dextran-coated charcol(DCC) assay, to measure ER from fresh tissue was first developed by Korenman in 1970 using isotope-labled ertradiol, has been widely utilized. In 1978, Kurzon newly developed immunocytochemical assay(ICA) employing monoclonal antibody against those hormone receptors to detect intracellular localization of ER and progesterone receptor (PR). The results of the assay have been reported by many investigators thereafter. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hormonal receptors with a monoclonal antibody using an immunoperoxidase procedure to detect both estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER-immunocytochemical assay:ER-ICA and PR-immunocytochemical assay:PR-ICA) in 59 cases of paraffin embedded sections from formalin-fixed and routinely processed breast carcinoma tissue. Concomitantly, fine-needle aspiration biopsy cytology of the breast cancer from 29 women were assayed for ER/PR receptors. Results were compared with quantitative biochemical values determined from dextran-coated charcoal(DCC) assay on the fresh tumor tissue obtained subsequently from the surgery. ER-ICA showed positive result in 22 out of 36 DCC-positive cases(sensitivity, 61.1%) and negative in 23 out of 23 DCC-negative cases (specificity, 100.0%). PR-ICA was positive in 33 out of 35 DCC-positive cases(sensitivity, 94.3%) and negative in 16 out of 24 DCC-negative cases(specificity, 66.7%). The value of ER-ICA or PR-ICA positivity were roughly correlated with the concentration of ER/PR receptors analyzed by DCC method. The results of both methods were correlated with the nuclear grade of the tumor(ICA:p=0.002, DCC: p=0.015) but were not correlated with histologic grade(ICA: p=0.323, DCC: p=0.0164). ER-ICA positivity was correlated with lower incidence of axillary node metastasis (p=0.021) but no significant correlation between PR-ICA positivity and node metastasis(p=0.171). Both ER/PR-ICA positivity were not correlated with age(p=0.924) and tumor size(p=0.663). The score of ICA particularly ER was proportional to DCC level(ER: r=0.5, p=0.000, PR: r=0.2, p=0.000). ICA concordance with DCC of ER and PR were 76.3% and 83.1%, respectively. The concordance of PR-ICA and DCC was proportional but was statistically less significant. In aspiration biopsy cytology the concordance of ER/PR-ICA and DCC were 72.4% and 65.5%, respectively. Immunocytochemical staining to identify ER/PR receptors from the tissue of breast carcinoma would be tested as a mean to substitute for the conventional DCC method.
Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Biopsy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Breast Neoplasms

The purpose of this study was to determine the kinds and characteristics of nursing interventions performed by adult nursing units nurses. For this study, 433 taxonomy of nursing intervention classification(NIC) of Iowa University research project were used, which were translated into Korean. The data were collected from 110 nurses of 4 General Hospitals from Jan. 20, 1998 to Feb. 18, 1998 and analyzed with SPSS program. The result are as follows : 1. 31 nursing interventions were performed at least once a day. Most of which were physiological complex domain. The nursing interventions receiving the highest mean-use score were intravenous therapy, documentation, medication, vital sign monitoring. analgesics administration, teaching : prescribed medication, hypoglycemia / hyperglycemia management, nutrition therapy and active listening. 2. 20 nursing interventions were performed several times a day by 50% or more of the nurses. The most frequently used nursing interventions were intravenous therapy, medication, documentation and vital sign monitoring. Most of the nursing interventions used sevral times a day are in the physiological complex domain. 3. 256 nursing interventions performed at least monthly by 50% or more of the nurses. Those nursing interventions were all of the domains and the classes in the NIC taxonomy except the child bearing class. 4. 59 nursing interventions were rarely performed by 90% or more of the nurses. Most of them were in the family domain. The rarely used interventions were contactlense care, animal therapy, art therapy, hypnosis and child bearing care. 5. Adult nursing units performed all kinds of indirect nursing interventions and the most frequently performed nursing interventions were documentation, shift report, order transcription, examination assistance and emergency cart checking. In conclusion the kinds and characteristics of nursing interventions performed by adult nursing units nurses were determined to apply to practice for providing standarized nursing leading to a professional nursing and development. Base on this study, the development of nursing intervention classification suitable for current situation and classified studys concerning are recommanded.
Adult* ; Analgesics ; Animals ; Art Therapy ; Child ; Classification ; Emergencies ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Hypnosis ; Hypoglycemia ; Iowa ; Nursing* ; Nutrition Therapy ; Vital Signs

Cancer of the alimentary tract in children is an extremely rare occurence, and it accounts for no more than 5% of all pediatric neoplasms. Malignant neoplasms of the stomach are particularly uncommon in childhood. The majority of such lesions are malignant lymphomas or soft tissue sarcomas, with less than 5% identified as carcinomas. We report a case of signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach in 15-year-old girl. This patient had a clinical manifestation of cough with sputum, fever, abdominal distension due to ascites, hepatomegaly, and cervical lymphadenopathy for 40 days. There was no known gastrointestinal symptoms. Metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma was suspected by aspiration biopsy cytology of cervical lymph node, and confirmed later by excisional biopsy. Endoscopy confirmed a small mucosal erosion in the anterior wall of the antrum and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of signet ring cell carcinoma.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Biopsy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach Neoplasms

To determine the level of exercise for dynamic exercise echocardiography and to evaluate the changes of cardiac work loads in normal subjects, the authors performed M-mode echocardiography at rest and during 20degrees supine bicycle exercise in 10 normal subjects with good image of left ventricle. A special, self-made 20degrees supine exercise table was used on which the subject's chest could be immobilized to record echocardiograms during exercise. The recordings were always performed just below the tip of the anterior mitral leaflet. Interpretable left ventricular M-mode echocardiograms were obtained at a submaximal exercise level with mean heart rate of 132+/-21 beat/min. Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, an index of preload, showed no significant change during exersise. But left ventricular end-systolic dimension decreased significantly(p<0.01) and % fractional shortening increased significantly(p<0.01). Peak-systolic left ventricular wall stress increased signficantly(p<0.01) during exercise but end-systolic wall stress did not. Both end-systolic wall stress/end systolic dimension ratio and systolic blood pressure/end-systolic dimension ratio increased during exercise(p<0.01). The results suggest that dynamic exercise echocardiography is a suitable method measuring various parameters of cardiac mechanics during submaximal exercise, whereas it's not available during maximal exercise.
Echocardiography* ; Heart Rate ; Heart Ventricles ; Mechanics ; Thorax ; Ventricular Function, Left*

Brenner tumors constitute about l.5~2.5% of all primary ovarian neoplasms and are almost always benign. It appears to derive from the surface epithelium of the ovary which undergoes metap1asia to form the urothelial-like components. we experienced a case of malignant Brenner tumor with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma patterns in a 57-year-old woman. It was partly cystic tumor and contained a 4cm-sized gray yellow, lobulated or papillary solid mass, projecting from the cystic wall. Ultrastructurally, the solid mass was composed of malignant urothelial-like cells with focal glandular differentiation.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND: Administration of hepatitis B vaccine has played a major part in the management of public health in this country. There were many researches to assess the immunogenecity, safety, long term effectiveness, dose, and route of administration of hepatitis B vaccine. But there was lack of validation of the recommendation that hepatit.is B vaccine should be administered in adults with negative HBsAg and AntiHBs, in an endemic area with high prevalence of HBsAg. Authors tried to establish a proper candidate for hepatitis B vaccination evaluating viral markers of hepatitis B in adults vaccinated. METHODS: 172 hepatitis B vaccinated subjects(35.0%) were drawn from 491 adults who have visited at health care center, Asan Kangnung Hospital from April 1st to May 31th, 1997. They were asked designed questions about the beginning year, frequency of vaccination, and the presence of family members with HBsAg in a direct line. RESULTS: Of the subjects(172), 2.3% were HBsAg(+), 63.4% AntiHBs(+), 68.6% AntiHBc(+). Among the HBsAg(-) adults(149) who had been vaccinated more than three times, 70.4%(105) were AntiHBs(+), of whom 66.6%(70) were AntiHBc(+) and 29.6%(44) were AntiHBs(-), of whom 56.8%(25) were AntiHBc(+). In the subjects(20) with family history of HBsAg, 80% were AntiHBc(+), which is higher than 61.2% in the group(129) without family history. Among the HBsAg(-) and AntiHBc(-) adults(54) who had been vaccinated more than three times, AntiHBs(+) group was not significantly differnt from AntiHBs(-) group in comparison of age and years after initial vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: The two thirds(68.9%) of vaccinated subjects showed AntiHBc(+), which means reflection of previous exposure to Hepatitis B virus. Accordingly, vaccination is not thought to be required for these. Consequently, all individuals are thought to have to be pretested for the presence of AntiHBc as well as HBsAg and AntiHBs in Korea.
Adult* ; Biomarkers ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Delivery of Health Care ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Korea ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Vaccination

No abstract available.
Atherosclerosis* ; Hyperuricemia* ; Risk Factors*