No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Fatty Liver*

This report is a part of the health survey, which was carried out in the summer of 1973 on all adults older than 15 years of age, inhabiting in the sampled area. Thirteen villages out of 31 natural villages in Shindong Myon, Chunseong Gun, Kangwon Province, a typical rural area of Korea were randomly sampled. A little over 70 percent of the population sampled, or 1198 persons were examined. The health survey included laboratory screening tests, history taking, physical examination and consultation to specialists for selected cases. Diseases of circulatory system were classified by WHO ICD A-List (150). Hypertensive heart disease was defined by the criteria that was used in U.S. Health Survey, and hypertension by WHO criteria for the purpose of comparison. Results obtained were as followings: 1. The overall prevalence of the diseases of circulatory system per 100 adults examined was 8.6 for male and 9.9 for female. 2. Age specific prevalence of the diseases showed gradually increasing pattern as age advanced for both sexes. For example, the prevalence for 15~19 years old age group was 2.4/100 adults which increased to 24.8 when age reached over 60 years. 3. The most prevalent disease category, 3.6/100 adults, was A-88: other diseases of circulatory system that was consisted mainly of varicose vein and hemorrhoids; the second one was hypetensive heart disease, 2.4. 4. Female had higher prevalence than male in A-84: other form of heart diseases (4 times, arrhythmia, beriberi heart disease, and heart disease secondary to anemia), in chronic rheumatic heart disease (4.5 times), and in hypertensive heart disease (1.4 times); in other hand, cerebrovascular diseases (4.5 times) and diseases of arterioles and capillaries (1.5 times) occurred more frequently among males than females. 5. The proportion of hypertensive heart disease among persons with definite hypertension was 22.0% for male, 25.8% for female, and it increased gradually as age increased. Hypertensive heart disease among persons with borderline hypertension was 2.2%. Only 27% of hypertensive heart disease patients had previous treatment for hypertension. 6. The prevalence of definite hypertension per 100 adults examined (double blood pressure check with interval of 30~40 minutes) was 9.5 for male, 9.4 for female, with increasing pattern by advancing ages; marked increase occurred after age of 45 years for male and 35 years for female. The prevalence of hypertension in this study was much lower than that of the study on employees of Korea Electricity Comparny when compared with the same age groups. 7. Electrocardiographic findings on 105 heart disease suspects revealed left ventricular hyperspecific change in 4 persons. This study was supported by China Medical Board of New York Inc.
Adult* ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arterioles ; Beriberi ; Blood Pressure ; Capillaries ; China ; Electricity ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Hand ; Health Surveys ; Heart Diseases ; Hemorrhoids ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence* ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; Specialization ; Varicose Veins

This report is a part of the health survey, which was carried out in the summer of 1973 on all adults older than 15 years of age, inhabiting in the sampled area. Thirteen villages out of 31 natural villages in Shindong Myon, Chunseong Gun, Kangwon Province, a typical rural area of Korea were randomly sampled. A little over 70 percent of the population sampled, or 1198 persons were examined. The health survey included laboratory screening tests, history taking, physical examination and consultation to specialists for selected cases. Diseases of circulatory system were classified by WHO ICD A-List (150). Hypertensive heart disease was defined by the criteria that was used in U.S. Health Survey, and hypertension by WHO criteria for the purpose of comparison. Results obtained were as followings: 1. The overall prevalence of the diseases of circulatory system per 100 adults examined was 8.6 for male and 9.9 for female. 2. Age specific prevalence of the diseases showed gradually increasing pattern as age advanced for both sexes. For example, the prevalence for 15~19 years old age group was 2.4/100 adults which increased to 24.8 when age reached over 60 years. 3. The most prevalent disease category, 3.6/100 adults, was A-88: other diseases of circulatory system that was consisted mainly of varicose vein and hemorrhoids; the second one was hypetensive heart disease, 2.4. 4. Female had higher prevalence than male in A-84: other form of heart diseases (4 times, arrhythmia, beriberi heart disease, and heart disease secondary to anemia), in chronic rheumatic heart disease (4.5 times), and in hypertensive heart disease (1.4 times); in other hand, cerebrovascular diseases (4.5 times) and diseases of arterioles and capillaries (1.5 times) occurred more frequently among males than females. 5. The proportion of hypertensive heart disease among persons with definite hypertension was 22.0% for male, 25.8% for female, and it increased gradually as age increased. Hypertensive heart disease among persons with borderline hypertension was 2.2%. Only 27% of hypertensive heart disease patients had previous treatment for hypertension. 6. The prevalence of definite hypertension per 100 adults examined (double blood pressure check with interval of 30~40 minutes) was 9.5 for male, 9.4 for female, with increasing pattern by advancing ages; marked increase occurred after age of 45 years for male and 35 years for female. The prevalence of hypertension in this study was much lower than that of the study on employees of Korea Electricity Comparny when compared with the same age groups. 7. Electrocardiographic findings on 105 heart disease suspects revealed left ventricular hyperspecific change in 4 persons. This study was supported by China Medical Board of New York Inc.
Adult* ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arterioles ; Beriberi ; Blood Pressure ; Capillaries ; China ; Electricity ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Hand ; Health Surveys ; Heart Diseases ; Hemorrhoids ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence* ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; Specialization ; Varicose Veins

In Korea, the nosocomial infection control program is not well estabilished. This study was carried out to investigate the incidence rate of nosocomial infection occurred among patients of 18 hospitals for 7 days ; cases of hospital infection per 10,000 patients discharged during the same period in Korea. The study was done in 18 volunteer hospitals and nosocomial infection cases for 7 days were collected retrospectively. The result was as follows; 1. The incidence rate of nosocomial infection for 7 days was 578 cases per 10, 000 patients discharged. 2. Pneumonia was the most prevalent nosocomial infection ; the incidence rate 112.7 cases per 10,000 discharges. The incidence rate of urinary tract infection was 85. 7 cases and that of septicemia was 36. 7 cases per 10, 000 discharges. 3. The incidence rate of nosocomial infection among patients of neurosurgery department was the highest(2,742 cases per 10,000 discharges). And the incidence rate of nosocomial infection was 6 times higher among the patients of intensive care unit than that of general ward. The reasons of higher nosocomial infection rate of intensive care unit and neurosurgery appeared to be due to many invasive procedures. Thus the priority in nosocomial infection control program must be given to those groups.
Cross Infection* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intensive Care Units ; Korea* ; Neurosurgery ; Patients' Rooms ; Pneumonia ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Volunteers

Dynamic strategy(DS) is a fast threshold algorithm for the Octopus 101 perimeter. To analyze the efficiency of DS, we compared the results of visual field measurements using DS and conventional normal strategy(NS). Subjects comprised 60 eyes of 30 normal individuals in the 3rd decade who has not experienced perimetry before. Program G2 was performed on all subjects at random and enough intervals between the two tests(more than 1 hour). Mean testing time was 1047.63+/-219.38 seconds in NS and 684.98+/-130.95 seconds in DS. Testing time reduction rate was 32.69+/-14.35% on average. Mean defect(MD) was 2.80+/-1.02dB, 2.15+/-0.94dB in the two strategies, respectively. Corrected loss variance(CLV) was 1.31+/-0.50dB2 and 1.03+/-0.61dB2 in each test. There was significant difference in MD and CLV statistically(P<0.01). Mean short term fluctuation(SF) was 1.38+/-0.49dB and 1.45+/-0.50 dB; mean reliability factor(RF) was 2.05+/-2.73% and 1.98+/-2.80% in the two strategies, respectively. There was no significant difference in SF and RF statistically(P>0.01). It took less time with DS than NS in Octopus 101 perimeter, but further study will be needed for clinical application of DS.
Octopodiformes* ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields

No abstract available.
Anesthetics*

The SPECT radiopharmaceuticals labeled with I-123 for dopamine transporter imaging have been used to measure dopamine transporters in patients with movement disorders. However, a cyclotron produced I-123 limits its availiability and ease of use as a radioisotope to be labeled with pharmaceuticals in routine clinical diagnostic procedures. Recently, new radiopharmaceuticals for Tc-99m which has optimal characteristic for SPECT imaging have been developed to overcome the limits of using I-123. The purpose of this study was to compare the quality of [Tc-99m]TRODAT-1 with [I-123]IPT SPECT data and then to evaluate the usefulness of [Tc-99m]TRODAT-I SPECT by using three noninvasive simplified quantitative methods. TRODAT-1 labeled with Tc-99m(15.93+/-0.82 mCi) and IPT labeled with I-123(6.60+/-0.11 mCi) were injected into five normal controls. Dynamic [Tc-99m] TRODAT-I SPECT scans of brain were performed for 10 minutes each over 180 minnutes, and for 20 minutes at 4 hrs and 5 hrs. [I-123IPT SPECT scans were performed for 5 minutes each over 120 minutes. Time activity curves were generated for the left basal ganglia(LBG), right basal ganglia(RBG), and occipital cortex(OCC). Dopamine transporter parameters were obtained using (BG-OCC)/OCC, graphical method(Rv), and area ratio method(RA). TRODAT-1 and IPT SPECT imaging showed high uptake at the level of the basal ganglia. (BG-OCC)/OCC ratios for TRODAT-1 and IPT were 0.80+/-0.14, and 3.22+/-0.81, Rvs were 0.62+/-0.12, and 2.30+/-0.35, and RAs were 0.37+/-0.08 and 1.73+/-0.31, respectively. In conclusion, further improvement of [Tc-99m]TRODAT-I imaging characteris- tics may be required to estimate the dopamine transporter concentrations in human brains although it shows clear BG localization.
Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Cyclotrons ; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins* ; Dopamine* ; Humans ; Movement Disorders ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Tics ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

The heterotopic and tissues may be divided into two categories: those that are found in the head and neck region, and those that arise elsewhere. The latter type is rare and most cases are found in the lungs of patients with neural tube defect, particularly anencephaly. Our report descrives anencephalic male infant with heterotopic glial nodules in both lungs. The largest nodule is 2x1.5x1 cm, locates in the lower lobe of the left lung, and has a round gray-white cut surface with cystic spaces. Microscopically, the nodules consist of irregularly arranged astrocytes and glial fibers, in which are embedded gland-like or cystically dilated bronchioles. The astrocytes and glial fibers are strongly positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein and show astrocytic filaments on electron microscopy. This will be an additional case supporting the amniotic fluid aspiration/implantation theory of pathogenetic mechanism of distal heerotopic glial tissue.
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Abscess* ; Fistula*

Four cases of testicular embryonal cell CA and one case of testicular teratoma in childhood are presented, and related literatures are reviewed.
Teratoma