No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases*

No abstract available.
B-Lymphocytes*

No abstract available.
Health Policy*

No abstract available.
Periodicals*

Autoradiographic study was performed in order to know the distribution of exogenous radioactive substance, (3)H-6-Thymidine, by liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica. The worms were maintained in vitro for 1 hour, at 37 degrees C, in Tyrode solution containing (3)H-6-Thymidine. After the incubation, the worms were sectioned and autoradiographed by applying the techniques of microautoradiography. The black grains derived from labeled substance were highly accumulated in the vitelline duct and vitelline glands. Moderate amount of blackening showed in the subcuticular muscle fibers, testes, ovary, cirrus sac, oral sucker and pharynx. Slightly labeled particles were in the reticular tissue, ventral sucker, intestinal epithelium, prostate, uterus and ova. There can hardly be found the black grains in the cuticle.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda-Fasciola hepatica ; biochemistry ; autoradiography ; (3)H-6-Thymidine

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome disrupts normal sleep. However, there were few studies to evaluate the asymmetric distribution, the one of the important factors of normal sleep in OSA subjects. We hypothesized that asymmetry would be broken in OSA patients. 49 male subjects with the complaint of heavy snoring were studied with polysomnography. We divided them into two groups based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) fifteen: 13 simple snoring group (SSN, average AHI 5.9+/-4.4) and 32 OSA group (average AHI 47.3+/-23.9). We compared split sleep variables between the first half and the second half of sleep within each group with paired t-test for the evaluation of asymmetry. Changes of sleep architecture of OSA were higher stage 1 sleep% (S1), total arousal index (TAI), AHI, and mean heart rate (HR) and lower stage 2 sleep% (S2), REM sleep%, and mean arterial O2 saturation (SaO2) than SSN subjects. SWS and wake time after sleep onset (WASO) were not different between two groups. In split-night analysis, OSA subjects showed higher S2, slow wave sleep% (SWS), spontaneous arousal index (SAI), and mean HR in the first half, and higher REM sleep% and mean SaO2 in the second half. Those were same pattern as in SSN subjects. Mean apnea duration and longest apnea duration were higher in the second half only in the OSA. No differences of AHI, ODI, WASO, and S1 were found between the first and the second half of sleep in both groups. TAI was higher in the first half only in the SSN. SWS and WASO seemed to be influenced sensitively by simple snoring as well as OSA. Unlike our hypothesis, asymmetric distributions of major sleep architecture variables were preserved in OSA group. Losing asymmetry of TAI might be related to pathophysiology of OSA. We need more studies that include large number of subjects in the future.
Apnea ; Arousal ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive* ; Snoring

The Korean family planning program began in 1962, originating both in a concern for fmaily well-being and in a concern over a high population growth rate which was cancelling advances in economic capacity, The new program was frank and vigorous in its advocacy of birth control. In recent years, voluntary sterilization as a family planning method has many attributes that cause users of contraceptives to regard it as an ideal method in Korea. A point of these view, author performed a follow-up study on effects of vasectomy and tubal ligation on sociomedical aspects of total 136 men sterilized and 96 women sterilized in SunSan Gun, Kyungpook Province as of Jul6y, 1977. The results were summarized as follows : An average age of vasectomized men was 37.0 and that of tubal ligated women, 34.9. The average duration of marital life was 13.9 years in men sterilized and 14.6 years in women sterilized. An average number of living children at the time of sterilization was 3.6 in men sterilized and that of living children, 3.7 in women sterilized. The most predominant reason for the sterilization was birth control in both (91% in men, 52% in women) and the most common motivating socilitator was family planning field workers (71% in men, 48% in women). About 51 percent of men sterilized and 50 percent of women sterilized were used contraceptive methods before the operation. Experience of induced abortion is reported in 65 percent of wives of men sterilized and 64 percent of women sterilized. In sexual feeling after sterilization, respondents showed increasing coital frequency 21 percent in men sterilized and 10 percent in women sterilized. Sixty-five percent in men sterilized and 64 percent in women sterilized would recommend the operation to others.
Abortion, Induced ; Child ; Coitus ; Contraception ; Contraceptive Agents ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Family Planning Services ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Population Growth ; Spouses ; Sterilization ; Sterilization, Reproductive* ; Sterilization, Tubal ; Vasectomy

This is an attempt to investigate the histopathological change of 246 cases of leprosy especially in the healing stage of leprosy. The results are summerized as follows: 1. Histopathological findings in the healing stage of leprosy, a) More than half of the cases showed only a slight degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in the group that had received treatment for more than 7 years. b) About half the cases (46.9%) showed marked changes of collagen fiber that is mainly swelling and hypertrophy. c) In 40.6% of the cases, elastic fiber manifested hypertrophy, coarseness and curling. d) Changes of elastic fiber was markedly decreased in the cases which had received more than 7 years treatment. e) Inflammatory infiltration was located mainly in the upper dermis and the infiltration around the blood vessels and skin appendages were not changed and remained regardless of duration of treatment. Histopathological findings in the group of lepromatous type. a) The free zone of the upper dermis disappeared in most cases. b) The cases with moderate inflammatory infiltration were most common and they were located mainly in the mid dermis. The degree of infiltration was not markedly changed according to the duration of treatment. c) Inflammatory infiltration around the blood vessels and skin appendages were more common than that of the healing stage. d) Changes of collagen fiber was manifested mainly hypertrophy and swelling and it was recognized throughout the entire course of the treatment. Elastic fiber found to be curled and coarse in most cases of lepromatous leprosy. Atrophy of elastic fiber was observed in cases of long treatment. 3. Histopathological findings in the group of tuberculoid type. Changes of collagen fiber was slighter than that of the lepromatous type and was manifested swelling and hypertrophy. Elastic fiber coarseness was observed in many cases.
Atrophy ; Blood Vessels ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Elastic Tissue ; Hypertrophy ; Leprosy ; Leprosy, Lepromatous ; Skin*

No abstract available.