No abstract available.
Humans

Sodium pentachlorophenol (Na-PCP) has been used in China for years as a molluscacide to kill on-comelania, which is an intermediate host of schistosome. Large amounts of the powerful pesticide spayed over vast areas to control schistosomiasis contaminated the surface water sources, soil, sediment, animals and plants. Also it intruded into human body through food chain. Recently many studies that concern the endocrine disrupting effects of pentachlorophenol (PCP) were conducted. Animal studies showed that PCP/ Na-PCP could interfere in the normal function of thyroxine in many species, but without any effects on estrogen and testosterone. It was also found that PCP/ Na-PCP could effectively inhibit the activity of the human progesterone receptor (hPR) in yeast and interfere with the binding of physiological ligands to steroid receptors and binding proteins. Some epidemiologic data showed that PCP might interfere the normal endocrine function of female and paternal occupational exposure to PCP/Na-PCP could be associated with an increased risk of congenital anomalies or other adverse reproductive outcomes in offspring. All these findings indicate that pentachlorophenol could disrupt the normal function of endocrine system, but to con-firm that pentachlorophenol is one kind of endocrine disruptor and understand thoroughly the mechanism of PCP on endocrine system, more studies are needed.

Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Medical Oncology ; standards ; Neoplasms

Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Reoperation

No abstract available.
Oncogenes*

Twenty cases of gallbladder cancers were examined using 5 mm stepwise tissue sections. We analyzed the clinicopathologic findings of the early (stage 1, II) and advanced carcinoma (stage III, IV, V) and those of carcinoma with or without metaplasia in the tumor. We also performed CEA and p53 immunohistochemical staining and compared their findings with those of normal mucosa and preneoplastic lesions. The results were as follow: 1) All of the early carcinomas (n=5) were incidentally diagnosed after the resection for the gallstone. They were compared to advanced carcinoma (n=15) in the absence of the lymphatic or angioinvasion, recurrence, metastasis and death. 2) Metaplastic and non-metaplastic carcinoma did not reveal any difference of the clinicopathologic findings except age distribution. 3) CEA and p53 were positive in preneoplastic and malignant lesions. The extent of staining was related to the degree of the atypia. From the above results, an early detection of gallbladder cancer is very important for the prognosis of the patients. Since preoperative diagnosis is difficult, thorough pathologic examination of routinely resected gallbladder is necessary for the early diagnosis. CEA and p53 immunohistochemical staining may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesion of the gallbladder.
Age Distribution ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Early Diagnosis ; Gallbladder Neoplasms* ; Gallbladder* ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Metaplasia* ; Mucous Membrane ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence

No abstract available.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra* ; Estradiol* ; Testosterone*

We describe five patiens with autoimmune bullous der matosis who presented cutaneous lesions localized on the face. In these patients iuumunopathologically confirmed diagnoses were penphigus erythematosus, bullous pemphigoid, cicatricial pernphigoid(Brunsting-Perry variant), epidemic lysis bullosa acquisita and bullous systemic lupus erythematosus in each. Except, for the case of pemphigus erythematosus, facelimited cutnious lesions can be seen rarely with these imrnunobullous diseases. We suggest that some external, in malfactors such as UV light and photosensitivity might be regarded as the precipitating factors fo the clinical rnanifestations of those skin lesions, and which should be included in the differential diingosis of vesiculobullous diseases involving the face.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Pemphigoid, Bullous ; Pemphigus ; Precipitating Factors ; Skin ; Ultraviolet Rays

No abstract available.
Pneumothorax*

The correlation of metaplasia to dysplasia and carcinoma in the gallbladder has attracted the attention of many investigators. We mapped and examined a total of 263 cholecystectomized gallbladders to analyze the mucosal changes in the carcinogenesis of the gallbladder. Stones were present in 59.7%, hyperplasia in 28.5%, metaplasia in 55.5% (gastric 37.6%, intestinal 17.9%), dysplasia in 17.1% (low grade 9.1%, high grade 8%) and carcinoma in 7.6%. Metaplasia was more frequently identified in the stone-positive group (62.4%) than in the stone-negative group (45.3%) (P<0.05). Especially, the incidence of intestinal metaplasia was significantly higher in the stone-positive group. Dysplasia and carcinoma were more frequent in the metaplasia-positive group (dysplasia 26.7%, carcinoma 11%) than in the metaplasia-negative group (dysplasia 5.1%, carcinoma 3.4%) (P<0.05). Their incidences were significantly higher in the intestinal metaplasia than in the gastric metaplasia. Forty four percent of the dysplasia-positive cases were associated with carcinoma in the adjacent mucosa but carcinoma was absent in the dysplasia-negative cases. Hyperplasia did not reveal any significant correlation with metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma. These results suggest that gallstone is causally related to the metaplasia in the gallbladder and the metaplasia-dysplasia- carcinoma sequence exists in the gallbladder.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Carcinogenesis ; Gallbladder* ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Hyperplasia* ; Incidence ; Metaplasia* ; Mucous Membrane ; Research Personnel