OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to determine the smoking status and its associated factors in military life among young Korean men to provide date for smoking prevention in military areas as a part of the health promotion program for soldiers. METHODS: 1,033 infantrymen serving in 17 military units, which are located in suburbs of K city, were enrolled in this study. A questionnaire on the soldiers smoking status and other various characteristics was obtained from October 2nd to 12th, 2000. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the various variables in order to determine the factors related to smoking. RESULTS: 1) 830(80.3%) out of 1033 subjects had smoked cigarettes and 759 persons(73.4%) were regular smokers. 2) Among the 734 soldiers who started smoking before their military service, 714 soldiers(97.2%) continued to smoke after, while 45 soldiers(15.0%) among the 299 non-smokers started smoking after joining the army. 3) Through the logistic regression analysis, the education level, specialty in the army, smoking amongst the friends they met before military service, smoking amongst soldiers in the army, dating girl friends, drinking, satisfaction with their army lives and the presence of convenient smoking places at the barracks were significant factors related to the prevalence of smoking in soldiers. CONCLUSION: the factors related with incidence of smoking in the army are the complicated interactions among the individuals personal background, general charcterisitcs of the solider and the special environment in the barracks. Therefore, to improve national soldiers' health, an active non-smoking campaign and education should be pushed to discourage smoking in the barracks.
Drinking ; Education ; Female ; Friends ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Military Personnel* ; Prevalence ; Smoke* ; Smoking* ; Tobacco Products

Purpose: We describe the use of bilateral medial rectus recession with inferior transposition and inferior oblique myectomy to treat a patient with craniosynostosis exhibiting V-pattern esotropia and inferior oblique overaction.Case summary: An 8-year-old girl with esotropia and a history of cranioplasty for craniosynostosis visited our clinic. Her best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.5 and 0.3 in the right and left eye, respectively. Latent nystagmus was observed in both eyes. She exhibited 40 prism diopters (PD) of esotropia in the primary position, 30 PD during upgaze, and 45 PD during downgaze. Bilateral superior oblique underaction and inferior oblique overaction were observed. Fundus examination revealed excyclotorsion in both eyes. Computed tomography (CT) revealed superior displacement of both medial rectus muscles. She underwent 5.5-mm medial rectus recession with inferior transposition and inferior oblique myectomy in both eyes. After 9 months, she exhibited 5 PD of dissociated vertical deviation at far distance in the right eye, and 10 PD of exotropia with 5 PD of dissociated vertical deviation at near distance. Ductions and versions were within the normal range in both eyes. Conclusions Bilateral medial rectus recession with inferior transposition and inferior oblique myectomy is useful in patients exhibiting V-pattern esotropia and inferior oblique overaction in association with craniosynostosis.

Purpose: We describe the use of bilateral medial rectus recession with inferior transposition and inferior oblique myectomy to treat a patient with craniosynostosis exhibiting V-pattern esotropia and inferior oblique overaction.Case summary: An 8-year-old girl with esotropia and a history of cranioplasty for craniosynostosis visited our clinic. Her best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.5 and 0.3 in the right and left eye, respectively. Latent nystagmus was observed in both eyes. She exhibited 40 prism diopters (PD) of esotropia in the primary position, 30 PD during upgaze, and 45 PD during downgaze. Bilateral superior oblique underaction and inferior oblique overaction were observed. Fundus examination revealed excyclotorsion in both eyes. Computed tomography (CT) revealed superior displacement of both medial rectus muscles. She underwent 5.5-mm medial rectus recession with inferior transposition and inferior oblique myectomy in both eyes. After 9 months, she exhibited 5 PD of dissociated vertical deviation at far distance in the right eye, and 10 PD of exotropia with 5 PD of dissociated vertical deviation at near distance. Ductions and versions were within the normal range in both eyes. Conclusions Bilateral medial rectus recession with inferior transposition and inferior oblique myectomy is useful in patients exhibiting V-pattern esotropia and inferior oblique overaction in association with craniosynostosis.

Psoriatic arthritis is an uncommon disease in the community and probably occurs in no more than 5 percent of the general psoriatic population. The authors experienced a patient who had the findings of mutilating type of psoriatic arthritis with severe joint deformities. A 30 year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to multiple joint pain and deformities with wheel chair bound state. We report a case of mutilating type in the psoriatic arthritis with brief review of literatures.
Adult ; Arthralgia ; Arthritis, Psoriatic* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Joints ; Wheelchairs

BACKGROUND: Early reperfusion therapy with thrombolytic agents or primary PTCA is most important to salvage ischemic myocardium in acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Timely reperfusion of jeopardized myocardium clearly improves hemodynamics, decreases infarct size and improves survival. The extent of protection appears to be directly related to the rapidity of reperfusion after onset of coronary occlusion. Although the intravenous thrombolysis is a feasible therapy in the patients with evolving AMI, the benifit of thrombolytic therapy decreases because of the time delay after onset of symptom. This study was perfomed to analyze the factors time delay between onset of symptom and the thrombolytic therapy with retrospective and prospective questionaire in the patients with AMI. METHOD: Eighty one patients with AMI were included in this study who came to the emergency room(ER) of Chungnam National University Hospital(CNUH) from Feburary 1995 to October 1996. Delay between door and thrombolytic therapy was defined as hospital time delay. RESULTS: Thrombolytic therapy(rt-PA or urokinase iv) was done in 60 patients(74.1%) and mean prehopital time delay was significantly decreased in the patients with thrombolytic therpapy when compared with those without thormbolytic threapy(462+/-90 vs 1375+/-473 minutes, p=0.005). There were no singificant factors for prehospital time delay such as age, sex, redsidence, ER near residence, transfer time to ER near residence, family status, family history of AMI, severity of chest pain, presence of risk factors of cardiovascular disease(CVD), previous CVD, degree of education, history of other disease and routine check, transfer methods. The only 8 patients(9.8%) knew about AMI and 7 patients among these patient came to ER earlier and received thrombolytic therapy. From 57 referred patients, 40 patients(70.2%) received reperfusion therapy and only 30 patients(52.6%) had recored EKG in the referred hospital. In the analysis of hospital delay from patient's arrival to the thrombolytic therapy, the arrival time at weekdays and weekend had no differences, but hospital delay were significantly prolonged when patients arrived at ER in the night. CONCLUSION: Since prehospital time delay is a most important factor of time delay for the effective thrombolytic therapy in AMI, the pubic education program and effective transport system are needed. And routine record of EKG in patient with chest pain in the local hospital is very helpful to start effective thromolytic therapy at ER. The well designed prospective study with more patinets in our local region is essential to get more accurate information about transport system and to improve survival rate in patients with AMI.
Chest Pain ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Coronary Occlusion ; Education ; Electrocardiography ; Emergencies ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardium ; Prospective Studies ; Reperfusion ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate ; Thrombolytic Therapy* ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

For the treatment of coarction of aorta, surgical intervention has been known as a standard therapy.During last decade balloon angioplasty for coarctation of the aorta has been reported as a successful and safe procedure in about 300 cases. This angioplasty was done mainly in infants and children, and little cases in adults and adolescents. A 22 year-old adult with coarctation of aorta have recieved balloon angioplasty. He visited to emergency room due to severe headache and the blood presure of arm was 240/130mmHg at emergency room. The blood pressure at ward was 168/92mmHg in upper extremities, 104/82mmHg in lower extrimities. His aortogram showed coarctation of thoracic aorta below left subclavian artery. The pressure gradient beween ascending aorta and right femoral artery was decreased from 60mmHg to 0mmHg after balloon dilatation (2 times, balloon diameter 18mm). There were no significant complications. The follow-up magnetic resonance image in 4 month after balloon angioplasty showed no evidence of restenosis or saccular aneurysm. Initial hypertension turned to normal blood pressure in 4 months after balloon angioplasty. This adult case of successful balloon angioplasty for coarctation of aorta is the first case reported in Korea.
Adolescent ; Adult* ; Aneurysm ; Angioplasty ; Angioplasty, Balloon* ; Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Aortic Coarctation* ; Arm ; Blood Pressure ; Child ; Dilatation ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Femoral Artery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infant ; Korea ; Subclavian Artery ; Upper Extremity ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: To evaluate risk factors of rapid visual field progression in normal-tension glaucoma. METHODS: The authors of the present study reviewed the medical records of patients with normal-tension glaucoma who were treated between 2001 and 2011. The rapid progression group was composed of patients who showed a visual field index progression rate of < or = -2.0%/yr, and the slow progression group was composed of patients who showed a visual field index progression rate of > -1.0%/yr using a Humphrey visual field analyzer (HFA). Age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, migraine history, family history of glaucoma, refractive error, central corneal thickness, disc hemorrhage, beta-zone parapapillary atrophy, baseline mean deviation, pattern standard deviation, initial IOP, mean follow-up IOP, peak IOP, IOP fluctuation, and number of eye drops between the 2 groups were compared. RESULTS: Among the 52 patients with normal-tension glaucoma, 26 were classified into the rapid progression group and 26 were classified into the slow progression group. The mean visual field index progression rate was -3.92%/yr and -0.42%/yr, respectively. In the univariable model, migraine history, disc hemorrhage, beta-zone parapapillary atrophy, and number of eye drops were associated with rapid visual field progression. According to multivariate analysis, disc hemorrhage and number of eye drops were statistically significant risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Disc hemorrhage and number of eye drops were associated with rapid visual field progression in normal tension glaucoma patients.
Atrophy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Low Tension Glaucoma ; Medical Records ; Migraine Disorders ; Multivariate Analysis ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Refractive Errors ; Risk Factors ; Visual Fields

PURPOSE: To report a case of primary orbital MALT lymphoma with localized amyloidosis. CASE SUMMARY: A 61-year-old male visited our clinic with diplopia, which had developed approximately 5 months earlier. Magnetic resonance imaging of the orbit showed an ill-defined well-enhanced mass in the left inferior orbit. Incisional biopsy of the orbital mass was performed. Histopathological examination revealed diffuse deposits of an amorphous, eosinophilic substance in the extracellular matrix and vessels with lymphocytes infiltration. Lymphocytes were positive for the immunohistochemical stain against the CD20 and kappa-light chain antigens. The amorphous material stained positive for kappa-light chain antigen, and Congo red staining showed birefringence. CONCLUSIONS: We report a rare case of primary orbital MALT lymphoma associated with localized amyloidosis.
Amyloidosis ; Biopsy ; Congo Red ; Diplopia ; Eosinophils ; Extracellular Matrix ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Orbit

The oocyte quality is of great importance in infertility as it reflects the follicle developmental potential and further affects the embryo development, clinical pregnancy outcomes. The analysis of gene expression in somatic cells is an important study to better clinical in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in embryo selection reflecting the appropriate communication between the oocyte and somatic cells. Specifically, somatic cell transcriptomic technology can help assess biomarkers of oocyte and embryo ability. The present article aims to overview the basic aspect of folliculogenesis and review studies involving changes in candidate gene expression of cumulus or granulosa cell related to clinical outcomes in human IVF.

The oocyte quality is of great importance in infertility as it reflects the follicle developmental potential and further affects the embryo development, clinical pregnancy outcomes. The analysis of gene expression in somatic cells is an important study to better clinical in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in embryo selection reflecting the appropriate communication between the oocyte and somatic cells. Specifically, somatic cell transcriptomic technology can help assess biomarkers of oocyte and embryo ability. The present article aims to overview the basic aspect of folliculogenesis and review studies involving changes in candidate gene expression of cumulus or granulosa cell related to clinical outcomes in human IVF.