No abstract available.
Arm* ; Busan* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Headache*

In order to elucidate the mast cell changes challenged by various antihistaminic preparations and its role to the mast cells challenged by inflammation, male albino rats weighing 120-130gm were used for this investigations. Benadryl hydrochloride, Phenergan hydrochloride and Chlor-Trimeton maleate were choosed for antihistaminic challengers and ultraviolet ray was irradiated for an inflammatory challenger. 1. When rats were challenged by various antihistaminics the numbers of mast cell reached to the least after 2 days and later followed by an increasing mast cell numbers. 2. The mast cell changes were severer in order of Phenergan hydrochloride, Benadryl hydrochloride and Chlor-Trimeton maleate. 3. Degranulated mast cell was proportionally increased as the numbers of mast cell decrease after being challnged by antihistaminics and also it was decreasing when the numbers of mast cell were re-increasing
Animals ; Chlorpheniramine ; Diphenhydramine ; Humans ; Inflammation* ; Male ; Mast Cells* ; Promethazine ; Rats ; Ultraviolet Rays*

Eight dogs were experimentally infected with Sarcocystis by oral inoculation of cardiac muscle from naturally infected cattle. The infected dogs commenced discharging of sporocysts in the feces after 10 to 12 days of inoculation, and continued until 20 and 35 days after inoculation. Three dogs were reinfected with cardiac muscle from the naturally infected cattle. Sporocysts reappeared in the feces on 12 to 13 days after reinfection. Sarcocystis sporocysts collected from the experimentally infected dogs were fed to each of the two 30-day-old Korean native calves. The infected calves remained clinically normal, except for the high fever (> or = 40 degrees C) and decreased hematocrit values on day 30 to 40 post inoculation. Muscular cysts of Sarcocystis were found from infected calves on day 40 post inoculation. Proliferative forms of Sarcocystis were also observed in the muscle of infected calves. These results suggest that the Sarcocystis cruzi found in Korean native cattle has a 2-host life cycle with dogs as the definitive host and Korean native calves as the intermediate host.
Animals ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/*parasitology ; Dog Diseases/*parasitology ; Dogs/*parasitology ; Host-Parasite Relations ; Korea ; *Life Cycle Stages ; Sarcocystis/*growth & development/isolation & purification ; Sarcocystosis/*parasitology/*veterinary

The response of plasma renin activity and Na, K content to physiological stimuli; supine, standing after liberal salt intake and salt loading, was observed in the normal human and patients with essential hypertension. The results are as follow: 1) The substance obtained from sample that exert contractile activity to rat colon, had blood pressure raising activity. Method in this experiment was able to detect angiotensin-II for concentration of 1 ng. 2) In normal, plasma Na content of supine state with liberal salt intake showed 142.2+/-1.8 mEq/L, but it was increased to 151.0+/-5.9 mEq/L after salt loading. In standing, plasma Na content showed 141.5+/-2.5 mEq/L with liberal salt intake. 3) In normal, plasma Na content of liberal salt intake showed 142.2+/-1.8 mEq/L in supine and 141.5+/-2.5 mEq/L in standing. The pasma Na content in supine after salt loading was significantly reduced by standing (143.7+/-1.5 mEq/L). 4) In normal, plasam renin activity of supine showed 7.3+/-1.6 mg/ml with liberal salt intake and 4.8+/-1.1 ng/ml with salt loading. The plasma renin activity in standing showed 12.8+/-3.1 ng/ml witn liberal salt intake and 7.3+/-1.1 ng/ml with salt loading. In both cases the salt loading decreased the plasma renin activity significantly. 5) In normal, the plasma renin activity of liberal salt intake or salt loading was significantly increased by standing compared with that of supine state. 6) In hypertensive patients with subnormal plasma renin activity, the plasma Na content in supine state showed 144.5+/-0.7 mEq/L with diuretics and 145.5+/-3.3 mEq/L with salt loading. In hypertensive patients with normal or high plasma renin activity, the plasma Na content in supine state showed 129.5+/-7.3 mEq/L with diuretics and 136.5+/-3.0 mEq/L with salt loading. In standing, plasma Na content was 132.5+/-3.1 mEq/L with diuretics and 135.7+/-2.5 mEq/L with salt loading. In hypertensive patients, the lower renin activity cases showed higher plasam Na content. 7) In hypertensive patients with subnormal renin activity, the plasma Na content tend to decrease by standing compared with that of supine state. 8) In hypertensive cases of low renin activity, the plasma renin activity in supine was 3.6+/-1.5 ng/ml with diuretics and 2.4+/-1.1 ng/ml with salt loading, and in standing, it was 6.0+/-2.1 ng/ml. with diuretics and 3.7+/-1.9 ng/ml with salt loading. In cases of high renin activity, the plasma renin activity in supine was 9.3+/-2.3 ng/ml with diruetics and 6.0+/-1.2 ng/ml with salt loading and in standing, it was 18.0+/-3.5 ng/ml with diuretics and 9.7+/-0.5 ng/ml with salt loading. 9) In patients with essential hypertension, we found that the plasma renin activity was incrased or not. It is suggest that the increased renin activity is not the cause of essential hypertension but is caused by essential hypertension.
Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Colon ; Diuretics ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Plasma* ; Rats ; Renin* ; Sodium*

BACKGROUNDS: In adult, the clinical seizure characteristics of complex partial seizure(CPS) originated from temporal lobe are pretty stereotypic, and could be used as one of the important guidelines for the preoperative localization of the epileptogenic zone. Recently, surgical treatment for the intractable childhood temporal lobe seizure is frequently performed. However, most of the clinical studies to describe the seizure patterns of CPS in childhood included CPS of extratemporal lobe origin. There is still controversy about the typical pattern of temporal lobe seizure(TLS) in childhood. Therefore, we intend to investigate the clinical seizure patterns of CPS originated from temporal lobe, and the difference of seizure characteristics in different age group. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: On June 1996, 33 patients among 172 patients who presented CPS had CPS of temporal lobe origin, and were treated with antiepileptic drugs at the Pediatric Epilepsy Clinic of Ajou University Medical Center. We classified 33 patients according to age group; Group A(1-6 yr, 16 cases) and Group B(7-15 yr, 17 cases). We selected following criterias to determine CPS of temporal origin; focal spike in the temporal area with interictal or ictal EEG, mesial temporal sclerosis(MTS) or other epileptogenic lesion in the temporal area on brain MRI, and/or decreased rCBF in the temporal area on brain SPECT. We have analyzed the clinical seizure patterns with 24-48 hr Video-EEG monitoring in 3 patients, ictal EEG in 4 patients, and questionnaire or medical record in 26 patients. RESULTS: 1) Commonly observed ictal symptoms of TLS in children are versive movement(46%), motor phenomenon(42%), simple automatism(42%), complex automatism(24%), secondary generalization(21%), and dystonic posture(12%). If we analyzed the ictal symptoms of TLS according to age group, school age children showed relatively similar ictal symptom to those of adult. However, ictal symptoms in the preschool age group disclosed a significant differences to those of school age children as follows; frequent motor phenomenon(63%) and simple automatism(48%), but rarity of secondary generalization(6%) and complex automatism(0%). 2) Motor phenomenon of extremity, tonic posture, showed pretty different pattern; highly symmetric presentation in the preschool age group(78%) but always unilateral presentation in the school age group. 3) Commonly observed initial symptoms of TLS are aura(46%), behavioral arrest(30%), versive movement(12%), arousal response(9%), and motor phenomenon(3%). School age children always presented aura(70%) or behavioral arrest(24%) as an initial symptom. However, preschool age children showed variable initial symptoms as follows; behavioral arrest(37%), versive movement(19%), aura(19%), and arousal response(19%). 4) Aura was presented as initial symptom in 15 patients with TLS; visceral sensation in 7 cases, psychic symptoms in 5 cases, and cephalic symptoms in 3 cases. CONCLUSION: The clinical seizure characteristics of CPS originated from temporal lobe was similar to those of adult in the school age group, but quietly different in preschool age group. Preschool age children frequently showed behavioral arrest, versive movement, and arousal response as an initial symptom of TLS. Most frequent clinical characteristics of TLS in the preschool age group is symmetric tonic posture which we frequently observed in the frontal lobe epilepsy. Therefore, clinical seizure characteristics of CPS of temporal lobe origin could not be used as an important guideline for the preoperative localization of the epileptogenic zone in the young children.
Academic Medical Centers ; Adult ; Anticonvulsants ; Arousal ; Brain ; Child* ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe ; Extremities ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical Records ; Posture ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seizures* ; Sensation ; Temporal Lobe* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

No abstract available.
Diagnosis*

In general, meningiomas are slowly growing benign neoplasms originating from specialized meningothelial cells in arachnoid granulation, but have a tendency to be locally invasive and recurrent. Meningiomas very rarely metastasize outside the nervous system, occurring in less than 0.1%. We report the CT and MR findings of a case of a solitary benign syncytial meningioma showing recurrent multiple tumors and malignant progression with eventual bone metastasis to rib after six surgical extirpations during six years.
Arachnoid ; Meningioma* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Nervous System ; Ribs

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether Fas-L expression is associated with increased apoptotic induction of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in human gastric carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The author analysed 38 cases of early gastric carcinoma (EGC) and 61 cases of advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC) who received gastric resection, in whom the number of diffuse type was 38 cases and the number of intestinal type was 61 cases. The author used immunohistochemical staining for Fas, Fas-L and CD45, and TUNEL in situ apoptosis detection kit. TIL were detected by CD45 and apoptosis of TIL were detected by CD45 expression and TUNEL positivity on serial histologic sections. RESULTS: Fas-L was localized to neoplastic cells in 61% (23/38) of EGC group and 66% (40/61) of AGC group. The extent of Fas-L expression was variable, with both Fas-L positive and negative neoplastic region occuring within tumors. TIL adjacent to Fas-L expressing tumor region were decreased in number and TIL adjacent to FasL-negative tumor region were increased in number; apoptotic induction of TIL showed just the opposite pattern (p<0.05). Fas expression was found essentially homogeneously throughout the tumor mass independent of tumor stage. Fas expression showed 64% (39/61) of intestinal type and 68% (26/38) of diffuse type. Labeling indices for tumoral apoptosis in EGC and AGC were 6.72% and 7.13%, respectively and this difference was statistically insignificant. Co-expression of Fas-L and Fas, which occurred over large areas of the tumors, did not result in an enhanced rate of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, factors such as tumor stage and other prognostic factors were not concerned in Fas and Fas-L expression, number of TIL and apoptotic induction. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest Fas-mediated apoptotic depletion of TIL in response to Fas-L expression by stomach cancers, and provide the evidence to support the Fas counterattack as a mechanism of immune escape in gastric cancer. In addition, gastric carcinoma cells of the intestinal and diffuse type did not differ in their expression of the apoptotic receptor Fas.
Apoptosis* ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating ; Stomach Neoplasms ; United Nations

BACKGROUND: Nucleolar organizer regions(NORs) are loops of DNA that transcribe ribosomal RNA; they can be easily identified in paraffin section using silver method. Recently, the application of NORs to the study of various types of benign and malignant proliferation has suggested that the number of NORs per nucleus can provide an indication of degree of cellur maligriancy. Many authors indicated a significant overlapping of NORs counts between benign and malignant proliferation. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to discriminate benign m laocytic nevi from malignant melanoma effectively, thus we use simple enumeration and computerized image analysis of AgNORs in melanocytic skin lesions. METHOD: NORs were investigated on silver stained histologicec ion of 18 malignant melanoma (MM), 19 acquired nevi(AN), 21 congenital nevi(CN). For each case, 100 nucleus sample were cuantified using image analysis system(AIC Inc., Roswell, GA). There is no consensus at present as to the best criterion for quantifying AgNORs proteins in melanocytic skin lesion. We prefer to quantify a large number of parameters. The mean value or standard deviation(SD), each calculated for a batch of 100 cells, are average again(mean+SD), over the 58 cases for six morphological criteria mean number of AgNORs per nucleu, mean ratio of AgNORs area per ruc eus area, mean area of largest AgNORs, mean ratio of largest AgNORs area per nucleus area, mean nucleus area per a AgNOR, and coefficient of variation of nucleus area. RESULTS: 1. All of the six parameters show significant difference between benign melanocytic nevi and malignant melanoma. But., there is no significant difference between acquired nevi and congenital nevi. 2. In stepwise discriminate analysis, we discriminate benign melanoctic nevi from malignant melanoma effectively using combined two parameters(number of AgNORs and mean ratio of AgNORs area per nucleus area). But there is some overlapping between malignant melanoma and ber ign melanocytic nevi using each six parameters. 3. In metastatic and non-metastatic malignant melanoma, six param ters have not shown significant difference. CONCLUSION: Study of AgNORs in the image analysis system is a very useful tool to differentiate malignant melanoma from benign melanocytic nevi.
Consensus ; DNA ; Melanoma ; Nevus ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; Paraffin ; RNA, Ribosomal ; Silver ; Skin*