No abstract available.
Classification* ; Ventilators, Mechanical*

No abstract available.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

Since Dr. Angell introduced cryopreservation method for tissue preservation in 1980s, it became a preferred method for cardiovascular tissues. Cryopreservation has been proven to provide better cell viavility and clinical result than any other preservation method. The quality of cryopreserved cardiovascular tissue is a very critical point of patients' survival when transplanted. To obtain high quality cryopreserved tissue, each processing methods from harvesting to delivery should be standardized. Various factors, such as range of possible tissues, acceptable ischemic time, temperature during transportation, facility for processing, method of freezing, use of cryoprotectant, method of storage, condition of delivery, and method of thawing for cardiovascular tissues should be standardized. Different standards should be established and applied to different tissues. Various kinds of tissues can be harvested from each living or cadaveric donor. Therefore, it is reasonable to harvest and handle all tissues in one laboratory by one tissue bank. In U.S.A, tissue banks are operated under standardized condition. The American Association of Tissue Banks affords the certification of specialist and tissue banks on very strict conditions, and provides the Food and Drug Administration with consultation in making regulations regarding tissue transplantation. In Korea, tissues have been simply stored in refrigerator since mid 1990s, and cryopreservation method is getting popular. Tissue banking has been started recently and now six major hospitals treat the cardiovascular tissues and are equipped with good facilities. Korean Association of Tissue Banks was established last year and now setting up regulations and standards. In Conclusion, I suggest that the cardiovascular tissue bank should belong to a university hospital till regulations and standards are completed. And then commercial tissue bank will be able to take it over to manage more tissues. The financial state of tissue banking is also an important point to be considered to balance between quality control and easy access to the public. Also the cost of cryopreserved allograft should be covered by medical insurance.
Allografts ; Cadaver ; Certification ; Cryopreservation* ; Freezing ; Humans ; Insurance ; Korea ; Methods ; Quality Control ; Social Control, Formal ; Specialization ; Tissue Banks ; Tissue Donors ; Tissue Preservation ; Tissue Transplantation ; Transplants ; Transportation ; United States Food and Drug Administration

No abstract available.
Blepharoplasty*

No abstract available.
Sterilization, Tubal*

A clinical observation was made on 216 cases of genitourinary tract tumors of the impatients in the Department of Urology, Chosun University Hospital during the 10 years, from January 1972 to December 1981. The results were as follows: 1. During this period, of 1282 cases hospitalized, 216 cases (180 males, 36 females) had tumors of the genitourinary tract, at the rate of 16.8%. 2. The male to female ratio was 5:1 (180:36). 3. The majority of the patients(88.4%) were distributed over age of 40 years. 4. The prostate was the most commonly involved organ (51.3%) and the tumors of the bladder, kidney, testis, penis, pelvis, ureter, urethra were in order. 5. Histopathologically, B.P.H. was observed in 43.1% of all operative tumors, transitional cell carcinoma of bladder in 28.1% and renal cell carcinoma in 5.6%. 6. Operations were performed in 160 patients (74.1%).
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Pelvis ; Penis ; Prostate ; Testis ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Urology

Due to its anatomical position and histological characteristics of thin capsule and low abundance of connective tissue, the spleen is a prime target for damage from blunt injury or during operation. Until recently, total splenectomy has been considered as safe operation for splenic injuries. But now, splenic salvage procedure or non operative treatment have become the standard care with knowledge for immunologic function of spleen, development of radiologic examination such as ultrasonography and abdominal CT, and report about high risk of mortality after splenectomy. Authors have experienced 27 patients with splenic injury admitted to the emergency department during 5 years 4 months period from 1991 to 1996. Among them, 10 patients were received total splenectomy, 2 patients partial splenectomy, 8 patients splenorrhaphy, one patients hemostasis, and 6 patients underwent nonoperative management.
Connective Tissue ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Mortality ; Spleen ; Splenectomy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Education, Medical* ; Humans ; Students, Medical*

PURPOSE: Hyperhomocysteinemia has been identified as an independent risk factor in arterial and venous thrombosis. Mutations in genes encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), involved in the metabolism of homocysteine, may account for reduced enzyme activity and elevated plasma homocysteine levels. In this study, we investigated the interrelation of MTHFR C677T genotype and level of homocysteine in patients with arterial and venous thrombosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 146 patients who were diagnosed as having arterial and venous thrombosis. We excluded patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. We examined routinely the plasma concentration of total homocysteine level and MTHFR C677T polymorphism for evaluation of thrombotic tendency in all patients. Screening processes of MTHFR C677T polymorphism were performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Investigated groups consisted of thrombotic arterial occlusion in 48 patients and venous occlusion in 63 patients. The distribution of the three genotypes was as follows: homozygous normal (CC) genotype in 29 (26.1%), heterozygous (CT) genotype in 57 (51.4%), and homozygous mutant (TT) genotype in 25 (22.5%) patients. There were no significant differences among individuals between each genotype group for baseline characteristics. Plasma concentration of homocysteine in patients with the TT genotype was significantly increased compared to the CC genotype (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: We observed a significant interaction between TT genotypes and homocysteine levels in our results. The results might reflect the complex interaction between candidate genes and external factors responsible for thrombosis.
Atrial Fibrillation ; Genotype ; Homocysteine* ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; Mass Screening ; Medical Records ; Metabolism ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)* ; Plasma* ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thrombosis ; Venous Thrombosis