No abstract available.

No Abstract Available.

BACKGROUND: The confgurations of the skin surface, as characterized by surface furrows and plateaux, are known to change with ageing. There are many parameters to analyze the effects of ageing processes on the surface configuration. However, there are contradictory results among the authors. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivity of various parameters being described in other reports with our new parameters used in evaluating the changes of the skin surface in the agein processes. METHODS: 112 healthy Korean males in 4 age groups participated in this study. Silicon skin replicas were taken from medial and lateral aspects of the forearm. Images of the skin replicas were analyzed by means of a digital image processing system (AIC, GA). Most parameters were calculated and measured in the primary skin axis. Image analyses were porformed by 3 different processes i.e., morphometry, densitometry (optical profilometry), and histograms. RESULTS: In Morphometry, the furrow count in the vertical section (VFC), the coefficient of the developed skin surface (CDSS) and mean width at maximal interception (MWMI) showed a tendencies to decrease with ageing.Irregularity of shadow shape (ISS) showed a tendency to increase with ageing. In Densitometry, the mean surface roughness(Ra) and mean depth of roughness(Rz) showed a tendency to increase with ageing. On histogram analysis, skewness was decreased with ageing but kurtosis did not show any significant changes. CONCLUSION:Ra, Rz, and ISS have shown a tendency to increase in the ageing processes (p<0. 05). VFC, CDSS, MWMI and skewness showed tendencies to decrease with ageing but the results were not statistically significant. The different results between morphometry and densitometry are likely to be due to increrr ent angles in the skin furrows with ageing.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Densitometry ; Forearm ; Humans ; Male ; Silicones ; Skin*

Background: Insulin is known to act as second effector that provides potassium transfer from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid, thus causing hypokalemia and arrythmia. We evaluated the effect of magnesium sulfate treatment on hemodynamics and serum potassium concentration, induced by continuous infusion of regular insulin solution in rabbits. Method: Twenty-four rabbits were divided into four groups for the experiment. Group I was given intravenouse injection of 5 ml of normal saline and continuous dripping of 7.5 U of RI. Group II was pretreated with 30 mg/kg of magnesium sulfate, followed by continuous dripping of 7.5 U of RI. Group III was given 5 ml of normal saline and 15 U of RI. And Group IV was administered 15 U of RI after 30 mg/kg of magnesium sulfate pretreatment. Venouse blood sampling was done before pretreatment, and after 5, 30, 60 and 120 minutes respectively. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure were taken at the same intervals. Result: 1) There was no significant change in serum potassium concentration in groups injected with 7.5 units of RI respectively (groups I and II), regardless of magnesium pretreatment. But in groups injected with 15 units of RI, the group that was not pretreated with magnesium (Groups III) showed a decrease in serum potassium concentration from 3.39+/-0.57 Eq/L to 2.29+/-0.71 mEq/L, while the concentration in the pretreated group (Group IV) decreased more significantly from 3.35+/-0.50 mEq/L to 1.81+/-0.41 mEq/L. 2) Pulse rate did not change significantly in groups that received continuous infusion of 7.5 units of RI (groups I and II) regardless of magnesium pretreatment, but increased significantly in groups injected with 15 units of RI (groups III and IV), pretreated or not. The pretreated group (group IV) had a more significant rise in pulse rate compared with the group that was not pretreated (group III). 3) In all of the groups, those pretreated with magnesium (groups II and IV) and those not pretreated (groups I and III), there was no significant change in systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Nor was arrhythmia detected. Conclusion: The above results indicate that while magnesium sulfate pretreatment at 30 mg/kg with insulin infusion affects serum potassium concentration, has an antiarrhythmic effect, and may induce tachycardia, it does not have any significant effect on blood pressure.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Extracellular Fluid ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Hypokalemia ; Insulin ; Intracellular Fluid ; Magnesium Sulfate ; Magnesium* ; Potassium* ; Rabbits* ; Tachycardia

BACKGROUND: With the development of medical science and technology, the proprotion of the aged has been significantly increasecl. Therefore it needs to be studied the fuadamental epidemiologic survey of dermatologic diseases and akin care in the elderly. OBJECT: Our purpose was to provide clinically relevant data regaring both dermatologic diseases and skin care in the aged population. MEHTODS: Total 172 volunteers aged 51 to 90 were enrolled in a study of 32-item questionnaire and total cutaneous examination. RESULTS: The sex ratio of male to female of 172 elderly volunteers as 1:1.4 and population of 7th and 8th decades occupied 76.5% with their mean age 74.4. The dermatologic findings which showed higher incidence in this study were seborrheic keratosis, senile lentigines, xerosis, cherry angioma, and generalized pruritus. Through the interviews of 172 elderly, the mot fequent dermatologic complaint was generalized pruritus. As the mean age of the population increasec, the number of the population showing xerosis and complaing of pruritus was elevated(r=0.976. 0.917 respectively). And there was a significant stastical correlation between the finding of xerosis and the the presence of pruritus(P<0.005). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that dermatologic problems in the elilerly are very common ancl further dermatologic studies including substantial medical care will be needed.
Aged ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratosis, Seborrheic ; Lentigo ; Male ; Prunus ; Pruritus ; Sex Ratio ; Skin Care* ; Skin Diseases* ; Skin* ; Volunteers

No abstract available.

The present study was undertaken to determine the pattern of infestation with the encysted larvae of digenetic trematodes in freshwater fish collected in both the natural and fish breeding ponds in Kyungpook Province, Korea. The fish collected in the two natural ponds, Nass-chil, and Sa-il, and three fish breeding ponds, Deok-dong, Mo-gok, and Seongryu-tunnel, were examined from July 1980 to August 1981. The data were compared with the results obtained from freshwater fish caught in the river Kumho by Hwang and Choi(1980). Ten species of fish caught in the ponds were examined for the presence of the larval trematodes. Seven species of the larvae, Clonorchis sinensis, Cyathocotyle orientalis, Echinochasmus species, Exorchis oviformis, Metacercaria hasegawai, Metagonimus yokogawai, and Metorchis orientails and two kinds of undetermined cyst A and B were found. The infestitation rate for Clonorchis sinensis metacercaria in the Korean shiner, Gnathopogon atromaculatus collected in the natural ponds was higher than the rate in the river Kumho by Hwang and Choi(1980), but lower in the fish collected in the breeding ponds. By contrast, the infestation rate in the flat bitterling, Paracheilognathus rhombea in ponds was higher, while there was no change of the rate in the southern top-mouthed minnow, Pseudorasbora parva. The intensity of infestation, expressed as the average number of Clonorchis sinensis metacercaria per gram of flesh, were lower than in the bullhead, Coreobagrus brevicorpus, and Gnathopogon atromaculatus in the ponds in 1981. The intensity was higher in Paracheilognathus rhombea, but no fluctuation in the intensity of infestation in Pseudorasbora parva was observed. The infestation rates and densities for the encysted larvae of digenetic trematodes except for Clonorchis sinensis varied from fish to fish. However, it was found that the rate and intensity of the larval trematodes from all the fish in the ponds was lower than from those in the rivers in Kyungpook Province, Korea.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Cyathocotyle orientalis ; Echinochasmus species ; Exorchis oviformis ; Metacercaria hasegawai ; Metagonimus yokogawai ; Metorchis orientails ; Pseudorasbora parva ; Coreobagrus brevicorpus ; Gnathopogon atromaculatus ; Paracheilognathus rhombea ; Carassius carassius ; Coreoperca herzi ; Cyprinus carpio ; Lipomis macrochirus ; Moroco oxycephalus ; Zacco platypus ; epidemiology

Blood glucose levels were measured in 89 healthy term neonates during the first 72 hours using the SureStep, a newly developed reagent test strip method by LifeScan. The blood samples were obtained by heel-stick puncture and blood glucose concentrations were monitored at birth(0), 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after birth. Mean and standard deviation of their measurement were compared according to postnatal hours and type of delivery. Comparison of significance between mean plasma glucose levels were made with the Wilcoxon rank sum test and significance level of 0.05 was used to determine which pair-wise comparisons were significantly different. The mean plasma glucose concentrations of first 6 hours were significantly lower than those of 12, 24, 48, 72 hours. This finding indicates that plasma glucose stabilization in healthy fullterm neonates can be expected with the feedings. The mean plasma glucose concentration at birth in the neonates of cesarean section (64.5+-8.06 mg/dl) was significantly lower than that of vaginal delivery (80.3+-20.7 mg/dl), but there were no significant differences after 2 hours. This may be due to the difference in prenatal care of obstetric department of Horamae hospital (C/S: midnight NPO and Hartmann solution, V/D: NPO with labor pain and 5% dextrose solution intravenously). In summary, the changes in perinatal care, especially prenatal fluid therapy and time of first feeding should be considered in defining neonatal hypoglycemia. Our data suggest that hypoglycemia should he defined as below 40 mg/dl during the first 6 hours and below 55 mg/dl thereafter.
Blood Glucose* ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Fluid Therapy ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; Infant, Newborn* ; Labor Pain ; Parturition ; Perinatal Care ; Plasma* ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Care ; Punctures ; Reagent Strips*

No abstract available.
Peptic Ulcer*

Orthopaedic wire has been used widely as a good internal fixator in cases of fracture, the ligament reconstruction, and for the stabilization of cervical spine. But if it is used inappropriately, a wire can be easy to fail by elongation, untwisting, or breakage. Among them, the most common failure of wire is breakage. To clarify the mechanism and the causes of wire failure, the authors analysed serial roentgenograms and scanning electronmicroscopic findings of broken wire in total 13 cases, which were experienced at the department of orthopaedic surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College From January 1981 to December 1987. The results obtained were as follows :1. The mechanism of wire failure were classified into the 4 types ; minor continual flexing motion in 6 cases, repeated minor back and forth torsion in 1 case, tension failure in 2 cases and combined type in 4 cass. 2. The causes of wire failure were in appropriate use and inadequte application, a lack of s ufficient mechanical strength, micromotion due to inadequate postoperative imm obilization, early mobilization before tissue healing as well as certain injuries to the wire during handling in operation.
Early Ambulation ; Fatigue ; Internal Fixators ; Ligaments ; Spine