Persistent trigeminal artery is an embryonic remnant of the anastomotic channel linking the internal carotid artery and the basilar artery. Cases of vertebrobasilar insufficiency caused by the persistent trigeminal artery with internal carotid artery stenosis has been described previously, but vertebrobasilar insufficiency entirely due to in situ stenosis of the persistent trigeminal artery has not been reported. A 71-year-old man presented with frequent dizzy episodes. The brain MRI showed no parenchymal lesions. MR angiography showed poor visualization of vertebrobasilar system. He was diagnosed as having vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Cerebral angiography revealed that there was complete occlusion at the vertebrobasilar junction, and the basilar artery was supplied by the persistent trigeminal artery which had severe stenosis at its origin. There was no stenosis of the internal carotid artery of both sides. We believe that this is the first report of vertebrobasilar insufficiency due to stenosed persistent trigeminal artery, without internal carotid artery stenosis.

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Female ; Pregnancy*

Mural nodules in ovarian mucinous tumors, whether benign, borderline, or malignant, have been described by several authors since Prat and Scully first described sarcoma or sarcoma-like mural nodules occurring in association with mucinous epithelial neoplasia in 1979. Three distinct types of the mural nodule have been identified; i. e., 1) sarcoma-like lesion, 2) true mesenchymal sarcome, and 3) anaplastic carcinoma simulating a sarcoma. Mural nodules of sarcomatous and carcinomatous foci associated with mucinous ovarian tumors should be separated from sarcoma-like nodules because of the poor prognosis of the former compared to the favorable prognosis of the latter. We experienced a case of ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with sarcoma-appearing mural nodule of anaplastic carcinoma occurred in a 59-year-old woman and reported with brief review of the literatures.
Carcinoma* ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mucins* ; Ovary ; Prognosis ; Sarcoma

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) among inpatients with schizophrenia, and to compare with general population. METHODS: Nine hundreds seventy inpatients were included to assess the prevalence of MS from two mental hospitals in Yong-in city. Assessment of MS was performed based on modified American Heart Association criteria with abdominal obesity threshold of 90cm for men, 85cm for women. Comparative analysis was performed using age- and gender matched sample from Korea Health and Nutritional Examination Survey III. For evaluating risk factors, analysis included 766 inpatients taking consistent medications at least for 30 days. RESULTS: The prevalence of MS of inpatients with schizophrenia was 26.2%, in females it was 33.2%, compared to 20.2% in males(p < 0.001). Compared to general population, the prevalence of MS was significantly lower in male and higher in female patients. In terms of criteria prevalence, who met abdominal circumference criterion were more prevalent in patient group(p < 0.001). After multivariate analysis, female gender and old age remained as risk factors of MS. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of MS of inpatients with schizophrenia was 26.2% and significantly low compared to general population. Female gender and old age were risk factors of MS.
American Heart Association ; Female ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Korea ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Schizophrenia

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study are to estimate the prevalence of polydipsia and water intoxication and to identify risk factors of polydipsia and water intoxication in psychiatric inpatient. METHODS: 1,108 Psychiatric inpatients at 2 mental hospitals in Yongin city were studied from September, 2008 to January, 2009. We diagnosed'polydipsia' using staff reports(fluid intake>3L/day) or by specific gravity of urine(SPGU<1.008) and diagnosed'at risk for water intoxication' using normalized diurnal weight gain (NDWG>4%). We attempted to identify clinical characteristics of patients by reviewing their medical records. RESULTS: Two hundred forty seven patients(22.3%) were polydipsic. Sixty eight patients(6.1%) were at risk for water intoxication. The factors associated with polydipsia were lithium, smoking, younger age and increased smoking amounts. The factors associated with risk for water intoxication were valproic acid and polydipsia. CONCLUSION: Polydipsia and water intoxication in psychiatric inpatients are not rare conditions. Therefore, clinicians' attention should be paid to these conditions.
Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Lithium ; Polydipsia ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Specific Gravity ; Valproic Acid ; Water Intoxication ; Weight Gain

PURPOSE: Single-port laparoscopic surgery is a rapidly advancing technique in laparoscopic surgery. However, there is currently limited evidence on the learning curve for this procedure. The aim of this study was to estimate the number of single port laparoscopic cholecystectomies required until improvement in the performance of the technique ceases. METHODS: This is a descriptive, single-center study using routinely collected clinical data from 70 patients who underwent single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy between May 2009 and June 2010 at Dong-A University Medical Center in Busan, Korea. The review includes the mean operating time, conversion cases, intra-operative GB perforation, post-operative wound infection and mean hospital stay. RESULTS: The mean operating time of the first 30 cases (the learning period) was 91.83 minutes. After 30 operations (the experience period), it plateaued to an average of 75.25 minutes, which remained steady in the next 40 operations - a reduction of more than 16%. Reduction in the operating time was significant (P<0.001) between the learning period and the experience period. Other factors including additional ports, intraoperative gall bladder perforation, mean hospital stay, post-operative wound infection were not significantly different between the two periods. CONCLUSION: We suggest that the learning curve for single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be around thirty cases for a surgeon with prior conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy experience and for self-taught single port technique.
Academic Medical Centers ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Cholecystitis ; Humans ; Korea ; Laparoscopy ; Learning ; Learning Curve ; Length of Stay ; Urinary Bladder ; Wound Infection

Angiomyofibroblastoma is a distinctive, hitherto uncharacterized, benign soft tissue tumor of the vulva with histology similar to an aggressive pelvic angiomyxoma. It can be distinguished from an aggressive angiomyxoma by its circumscribed borders, higher cellularity, more numerous blood vessels, the frequent presence of plump stromal cells, minimal stromal mucin, and rarity of erythrocyte extravasation. We experienced a case of angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva occurring in a 45-year-old woman. The lesion was a well-defined but not encapsulated mass, 4.5x4.2 cm. Histologically the mass was characterized by alternating hypercellular and hypocellular edematous zones in which abundant blood vessels were irregularly distributed. Immunohistochemically, the spindled, plump spindled, and oval stromal cells were reactive for vimentin and desmin, but not for cytokeratin, or S-100 protein.
Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Chorionic Gonadotropin* ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Gonadotropins* ; Humans* ; Progesterone* ; Superovulation*

BACKGROUND: Skin cancer is divided into two categories, melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer, by its malignant potential. The former is prone to be metastatic and it often requires regional lymph node dissection and chemotherapy, while the latter is rarely metastatic with no need for such further treatment. We report here on the reconstruction methods after surgical removal of skin cancers, with excluding melanoma. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to analyze the reconstruction methods according to the location and size of the lesions after surgical removal of nonmelanoma skin cancers and we report on the clinical findings. METHODS: We analyzed 186 cases of nonmelanoma skin cancers that were treated Between January, 2000 and December, 2006 at the Department of Dermatology, Chonbuk University Hospital. The cases were analyzed according to the reconstruction methods for the defects after surgery, the gender ratio, the age range, the lesion site and the lesion size. RESULTS: The mean age of onset was 67.7 years old. The ratio of men to women was 1:1.02. The most common nonmelanoma skin cancer was basal cell carcinoma (66.7%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (22.1%), and Bowen's disease (4.3%). The most common site of all the nonmelanoma skin cancers was the face (68.8%), followed by the trunk (7.5%) and scalp (6.5%). The most common reconstruction method was local flap (40.3%), followed by primary closure (38.7%), skin graft (18.8%) and secondary intention (2.2%). In terms of location, the most commonly used method was local flap for the face (50.0%) and primary closure for the trunk (53.3%), scalp (83.3%) and the upper (44.4%) and lower extremities (63.6%). According to the lesions' size, the most common method was flap for tumor between 10 mm and 30 mm in diameter (95.1%), primary closure for tumor less than 10 mm in diameter (66.7%) and graft for tumor greater than 30 mm in diameter (66.7%). CONCLUSION: We offer this data for the reconstruction methods of nonmelanoma skin cancers and their clinical findings in Korea.
Age of Onset ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Dermatology ; Female ; Humans ; Intention ; Korea ; Lower Extremity ; Lymph Node Excision ; Male ; Melanoma ; Scalp ; Skin ; Skin Neoplasms ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Hematoma*