No abstract available.
Animals ; Isoproterenol* ; Nitric Oxide* ; Rats* ; Urinary Bladder*

PURPOSE: Nerve root compression from spinal stenosis or herniated intervertebral disc(HIVD) may affect bladder function by the disease itself, operation or inappropriate general postoperative care. Preoperative urodynamic study seems to be needed for differential diagnosis of postoperative bladder dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty three patients diagnosed as nerve root compression were analysed for urodynamic features prospectively and classified into type I(hyporeflexic, hyposensitive, normal sphincter and hypocontractile, high compliance), type II(hyperreflexic, hypersensitive, normal sphincter and hypocontractile, low compliance), type III(hyperreflexic, hypersensitive, normal sphincter and hypercontractile, low compliance) and normal. Correlation with voiding symptoms, duration of the disease and urodynamic findings was evaluated. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 56.2 years(29-80 years old), including 21 men and 12 women. Among thirty three patients, 21 had spinal stenosis and twelve patients were diagnosed as HIVD. Urodynamically, there were 16 cases(48.5%) showing type II, 6 cases(18.2%) for type I and 2 cases(6%) for type III. Normal finding was shown in 9 cases(27.3%). No significant difference was shown in mean duration of disease and in urodynamic findings. Patients with voiding symptoms or abnormal urodynamic finding were 20 cases(60.6%) and 24 cases(72.7%), respectively. Among thirteen patients without voiding symptoms, eight patients(61.5%) had abnormal urodynamic findings. CONCLUSIONS: Voiding symptoms and urodynamic findings in patients with nerve root compression were various. Because there is no consistent pattern of dysfunction with any type of nerve root compression disease, preoperative urodynamic study seems to the cornerstone for rational therapy and gives the exact information of bladder function to orthopedic operator.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Postoperative Care ; Prospective Studies ; Radiculopathy* ; Spinal Stenosis ; Urinary Bladder ; Urodynamics*

PURPOSE: While apoptosis of the rat prostate cells has been the focus of many studies on androgen action and prostatic carcinogenesis, little is known for morphometric measurement about rat prostatic glands. Apoptosis was described as a morphologically distinct form of cell death. However, the approach of morphological assessment in one cell to define apoptosis has some disadvantages. We studied androgen ablation induced reduction of glandular epithelial cells with counting apoptotic cells and measuring glandular cell mass with image analyzer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The morphologic changes were evaluated at 4, 7, 14 days after castration. The ventral lobe was microdissected. The distal part of it was harvested under guide of dissecting microscope. The number of apoptotic cells were quantified in Masson & trichrome stained specimens. Using image analyzer, area densities in glandular lesion of prostatic epithelium were calculated. RESULTS: After castration. the distal duct may seem to be melted down into the proximal ducts and tall columnar epithelial cells of distal duct seem to be changed into cubodial cells. The apoptotic counts were 1.00+/-0.28, 5.06+/-0.98, 6.01+/-0.97, and 2.04+/-0.70 in control, 4th, 7th and 14th day group, respectively (p<0.05), The areas of epithelial cell mass were 13874+/-3106 micrometer2. 5530+/-3244 micrometer2, 2345+/-1226micrometer2, and 1339+/-652 micrometer2. in control, 4th. 7th and 14th day group, respectively(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that castration induces a more profound involution of the rat ventral prostate. After castration, the apoptotic count and reduction of the area of epithelial cell mass rapidly processed by 7th day and after that time, this process is continuously but slowly decreased until 14th day after castration. The apoptotic counts among the epithelial cells are well matched with the morphometric measurements about epithelial glands.
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Carcinogenesis ; Castration* ; Cell Death ; Epithelial Cells* ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

PURPOSE: Acute scrotum is a clinical syndrome that is defined as an acute painful swelling of the scrotum. It is well known that early surgical exploration is needed to prevent the testicular loss when testicu lar torsion breakouts. But most of reports were only focused on testicular torsion of prepubertal age group. This fact let us examine the acute scrotum with all age group and the significance of surgical exploration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the results collected from 112 patients (131 cases) with acute scrotum who had been admitted to our hospital between June 1994 and November 1999 with the exception of scrotal trauma. RESULTS: The incidence of acute scrotum over 20 years old was 72.4% of total acute scrotum patients. The most common disease was acute epididymitis giving the rate of 71.8% (94 cases). In adult the incidence of testicular torsion was low (3 cases). Surgical torsion was 12 cases and acute epididymitis was 12 cases as the cause of acute scrotum. CONCLUSIONS: Most cases of testicular torsion have been below 20 years old and only 3 cases have been over 20 years old. Although the incidence of testicular torsion over 20 years old has been low. There were severe infectious diseases needing surgical approach in the cases of aged patient. this research shows that the treatment of acute scrotum goes with the need of surgical therapy.
Acute Pain ; Adult ; Communicable Diseases ; Epididymitis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Scrotum* ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: To investigate the levels of uncertainty and anxiety at admission and discharge to the isolation unit for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). METHOD: The data were collected from 60 patients who were admitted to the department of HSCT. Uncertainty and anxiety were assessed using the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS) and Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Collected data were analyzed using the SAS program. RESULTS: The mean score for anxiety at admission was 2.20, and at discharge 2.10. The mean score for uncertainty at admission was 2.19, and at discharge 2.07. The anxiety at admission the group with physical discomfort was higher than that of group without physical discomfort. A positive relationship was found between anxiety and uncertainty at admission and at discharge. The major variables were expectation for cure and physical discomfort, explaining 25.87% of the anxiety at admission. The major variable was expectation for cure, explaining 20.94% of the uncertainty at admission. CONCLUSION: From the above results, it can be concluded that support and consideration are required to reduce anxiety of the inpatient in single room.
Anxiety* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells* ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Uncertainty*

We investigated the pathophysiological mechanism by proteomic approach as a possible tool to detect the marker proteins to develop lower urinary tract symptoms following bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). Rats were randomized into 3 groups; control, sham operation and BOO groups. BOO group was divided into 1, 3, and 5 day-group. Conventional proteomics was performed with high resolution 2-D gel electrophoresis followed by computational image analysis and protein identification using mass spectrometry using rat urinary bladders. A comparison of bladder of BOO group with control bladder showed that three proteins of optineurin, thioredoxin and preprohaptoglobin were over-expressed in the bladder of BOO group. In addition, four proteins, such as peroxiredoxin 2, transgelin, hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide (HCNP) and beta-galactoside-binding lectin, were under-expressed in the bladder of BOO group. These data supported that downregulation of HCNP might make detrusor muscle be supersensitive to acetylcholine, up-regulation of optineurin means the protection of nerve injury, and down-regulation of transgelin means the decreased contractility of detrusor muscle. Beside these proteins, other proteins are related to oxidative stress or have a nonspecific function in this study. However more information is needed in human bladder tissue for clinical usage.
Animals ; Bladder/*metabolism ; Bladder Neck Obstruction/genetics/*metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Proteins/genetics/isolation and purification/*metabolism ; Proteomics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; Up-Regulation